1521

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March–April: Ferdinand Magellan's voyage around the world.

May 25: Martin Luther outlawed.

Neacşu's Letter, the oldest surviving document written in Romanian has the oldest appearance of the word "Rumanian"

Year 1521 (MDXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• January 3 – Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.
• January 22 – Emperor Charles V opens the Diet of Worms.
• January 27 – Suleiman the Magnificent suppresses a revolt by the ruler of Damascus.
• January 28 – The Diet of Worms begins, lasting until May 25.
• March 6 – Ferdinand Magellan discovers Guam.
• March 16 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Philippines.
• April 7 – Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Cebu.
• April 16–April 18 – Martin Luther is examined before Emperor Charles V and the German Diet of Worms.
• April 24 – Revolt of the Comuneros – Battle of Villalar: Castilian royalists defeat the rebels and execute their three leaders.
• April 26 – Martin Luther leaves Worms and disappears for a year – he is rumored to be murdered, but is actually in hiding at the Wartburg Castle.
• April 27 – Magellan is killed in the Philippines, in the Battle of Mactan.
• May – War breaks out between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Francis I, the King of France.
• May 17 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason.
• May 20 – Battle of Pampeluna: The French defeat the Spanish.
• May 25 – The Diet of Worms ends when Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor issues the Edict of Worms, declaring Martin Luther an outlaw.
• May 27 – Jiajing Emperor ascends the throne of the Ming Dynasty.
• June 29 or June 30 – The oldest surviving dateable document written primarily in the Romanian language: Neacşu's letter, written by a trader from Câmpulung, to Johannes Benkner, the mayor of Braşov, warning that the Ottoman Empire is preparing its troops to cross into Wallachia and Transylvania; the script used is Romanian Cyrillic.
• June 30 – Battle of Esquiroz: French forces under Henri d'Albret, exiled King of Navarre, are defeated by the Spanish and forced to abandon their attempt to recover Henri's kingdom.

July–December

• August 8 – Battle of Tenochtitlan: Hernán Cortés and allied local Indians defeat the Aztec forces of Cuauhtémoc, the last Aztec Emperor.
• August 13
  • Emperor Cuauhtémoc surrenders to Hernán Cortés.
  • The Spanish Empire incorporates the Aztec Empire
• August 23 – Christian II of Denmark is deposed as king of Sweden and Gustav Vasa is elected regent.
• August 29 – Belgrade is captured by the Ottoman army of Suleiman the Magnificent.
• November 23 – Spanish–German–Papal forces under Prosper Colonna force French Marshal Odet de Lautrec to abandon Milan.

Date unknown

• Jacopo Berengario da Carpi publishes Commentaria cum amplissimus additionibus super anatomiam Mundini in Bologna, including observation of the vermiform appendix.
• San Juan Bautista is founded in the Puerto Rican archipelago.
• Ryazan is annexed by Moscow.
• Student rebellion in Erfurt.

Births

• March 21 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (d. 1553)
• April 5 – Francesco Laparelli, Italian architect (d. 1570)
• April 14 – Johann Marbach, German theologian (d. 1581)
• April 18 – François de Coligny d'Andelot, French general (d. 1569)
• May 8 – Petrus Canisius, Dutch Jesuit (d. 1597)
• May 10 – John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg, (d. 1553)
• June 18 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu, daughter of King Manuel I (d. 1577)
• June 21 – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev (d. 1580)
• August 4 – Pope Urban VII (d. 1590)
• August 19 – Lodovico Guicciardini, Italian historian (d. 1589)
• October 1 – Frederick Magnus I, Count of Solms-Laubach, (d. 1561)
• October 9 – Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1586)
• November 22 – Edmund Sheffield, 1st Baron Sheffield, English Baron (d. 1549)
• November 29 – Marcantonio Maffei, Archbishop and Cardinal (d. 1583)
• December 1 – Takeda Shingen, Japanese warlord (d. 1573)
• December 13 – Pope Sixtus V (d. 1590)
• date unknown
  • Anne Askew, English Protestant martyr (d. 1546)
  • John Aylmer, English divine (d. 1594)
  • Thomas Chaloner, English statesman and poet (d. 1565)
  • Philippe de Monte, Flemish composer (d. 1603)
  • Thomas Wyatt the younger, English rebel (d. 1554)
• possible
  • Catherine Howard, Fifth Queen of Henry VIII of England, (born in between 1518 and 1524; d. 1542)

Deaths

• April 20 – Zhengde Emperor of China (b. 1491)
• April 25 – Juan López de Padilla, Juan Bravo and Francisco Maldonado, executed Spanish rebels
• April 27 – Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer (b. c. 1480)
• May 10 – Sebastian Brant, German humanist and satirist (b. 1457)
• May 17 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham (executed) (b. 1478)
• June 15 – Tamás Bakócz, Hungarian Catholic cardinal and statesman (b. 1442)
• June 21 – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (b. 1436)
• July – Juan Ponce de León, Spanish conquistador (b. 1460)
• August 27 – Josquin des Prez, Flemish composer (b. c. 1450)
• October 22 – Edward Poynings, Lord Deputy to King Henry VII of England (b. 1459)
• December 1 – Pope Leo X (b. 1475)
• December 13 – King Manuel I of Portugal (b. 1469)

References