1170s in England
 1170s in England: |
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Events from the 1170s in England.
Incumbents
Monarch - Henry II
Events
- 1170
- April - Henry looks into the financial dealings of officials with an inquest of sheriffs.[1]
- 14 June - Coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England, by Roger, Archbishop of York.[2]
- 22 July - There is a reconciliation between Henry II and Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in Fréteval in Western France.[2]
- 21 September - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke captures Dublin.[1]
- 29 December - Murder of Thomas Becket by four of Henry II's knights Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy, and Richard le Breton inside Canterbury Cathedral.[2]
- Earliest record of the making of Cheddar cheese.
- 1171
- 16 October - Henry II lands in Ireland and declares himself Lord of Ireland.[2]
- 1172
- 17 April - Henry leaves Ireland, having received the support of the Church for his claim.[1]
- 21 May - In Avranches Cathedral, Henry II performs a ceremony of penance for the death of Becket, in return for a papal agreement to clear him of the murder.[3]
- 27 August - Formal marriage and coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II, and Margaret of France by Rotrou (archbishop of Rouen) at Winchester Cathedral.[4][5]
- 1173
- 21 February - Canonisation of Thomas Becket; his tomb at Canterbury becomes a shrine and popular pilgrimage destination.[1]
- March - Henry the Young King withdraws to the French court, marking the beginning of the Revolt of 1173–1174, a dispute between Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine and three of their sons over the territories they control. William I of Scotland invades the North of England in support of the rebellion.[6]
- 1174
- 7 April - Richard of Dover enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 12 July - Henry II does penance at Canterbury for the murder of Becket.[2]
- 13 July - Battle of Alnwick: William I of Scotland is captured by Ranulf de Glanvill after attacking England in support of the revolt.[1]
- 5 September - The choir of Canterbury Cathedral is destroyed by fire.[2]
- 30 September - Treaty of Montlouis: the rebellion of Henry II's sons ends peacefully.[2]
- 8 December - Treaty of Falaise signed between Henry II and William I of Scotland permits William's release in return for homage.[1]
- Horse racing at Newmarket is first recorded, making it the earliest known racing venue of the post-classical era.
- 1175
- Henry's son, Richard, begins to subjugate remaining rebels against English rule in Aquitaine.[1]
- October - Treaty of Windsor: Henry II recognises Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair as High King of Ireland in return for payment of tribute.[1]
- 1176
- January - The Assize of Northampton passed, making criminal penalties more severe.[2]
- Construction of the first stone-built London Bridge.[7]
- 1177
- May - Council of Oxford: Henry II grants Cork and Limerick to English barons, provides for the administration of Leinster and makes his son, John of England, Lord of Ireland.[1] He also grants lordships in Shropshire to his brother-in-law, Prince Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd.
- 21 September - Pact of Ivry: Non-aggression treaty between England and France, which also lays the foundations for the Third Crusade.[1]
- 1178
- 1179
- April - Establishment of the Grand Assize, using a jury to decide legal claims over property ownership, instead of trial by combat.[1]
- Richard completes the subjugation of Aquitaine.[1]
- Preston, Lancashire, is granted a Guild Merchant charter by Henry II.
- William the Englishman takes over the rebuilding of the choir and Trinity Chapel of Canterbury Cathedral after the previous architect, William of Sens, is injured in a fall,[1] introducing the Early English Gothic style of architecture.[8]
- Westminster School is founded by the monks of Westminster Abbey.
Births
- 1172
- Aubrey de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford (died 1214)
- Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (died 1232)
- 1175
- Robert Grosseteste, statesman, theologian and bishop (approximate date; died 1253)
- 1176
- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1220)
- William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date; died 1226)
- 1177
- Robert de Ros, baron (died 1226)
Deaths
- 1170
- 29 December — Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1118)
- 1171
- 8 August — Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester since 1129 (born 1111)
- 1173
- Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (born 1116)
- 1176
- 25 October — William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, politician (born c. 1109)
- Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (born 1150)
- 1177
- Before March — Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 69–72. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 126–127. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ↑ "Becket, the Church and Henry II". Retrieved 2007-12-14.
- ↑ Weir, Alison (1999). Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Life. Ballantine Books. p. 195.
- ↑ Warren, W. L. (1973). Henry II. University of California Press. p. 111.
- ↑ Morgan, Kenneth O. (1998). The Oxford Popular History of Britain. Parragon. ISBN 0-7525-2572-7.
- ↑ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
- ↑ Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.
See also
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