1091
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 10th century – 11th century – 12th century |
| Decades: | 1060s 1070s 1080s – 1090s – 1100s 1110s 1120s |
| Years: | 1088 1089 1090 – 1091 – 1092 1093 1094 |
| 1091 by topic | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1091 MXCI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1844 |
| Armenian calendar | 540 ԹՎ ՇԽ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5841 |
| Bengali calendar | 498 |
| Berber calendar | 2041 |
| English Regnal year | 4 Will. 2 – 5 Will. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1635 |
| Burmese calendar | 453 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6599–6600 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 3787 or 3727 — to — 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 3788 or 3728 |
| Coptic calendar | 807–808 |
| Discordian calendar | 2257 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1083–1084 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4851–4852 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1147–1148 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1013–1014 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4192–4193 |
| Holocene calendar | 11091 |
| Igbo calendar | 91–92 |
| Iranian calendar | 469–470 |
| Islamic calendar | 483–484 |
| Japanese calendar | Kanji 5 (寛治５年) |
| Julian calendar | 1091 MXCI |
| Korean calendar | 3424 |
| Minguo calendar | 821 before ROC 民前821年 |
| Seleucid era | 1402/1403 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1633–1634 |
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Year 1091 (MXCI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Europe
- King William II of England invades Normandy and gains a foothold in it.
- Ladislaus I of Hungary occupies Slavonia.
- King Stjepan II of Croatia, the last member of the Trpimirović dynasty, died peacefully without leaving an heir.
British Isles
- October 17 – London Tornado of 1091: A T8/F4 tornado is recorded in St Mary-le-Bow of London, England; the storm destroys London Bridge.
- Henry, the third son of William the Conqueror, is forced to surrender his property of Cotentin in Normandy after his two older brothers, William Rufus and Robert Curthose, make a peace agreement.
- King Malcolm III of Scotland makes an unsuccessful attempt to invade English territory, but is finally forced to pay homage to King William II of England.
- Cardiff Castle is built.
Mediterranean
- April 29 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs besiege Constantinople, but are defeated so decisively by Emperor Alexius I that they fade into oblivion.
- February; With the taking of Noto, the Normans complete the 30-year-long conquest of Sicily from the Islamic rulers.
- The Islamic Abbadid dynasty ruling in Spain falls when the Almoravids storm Seville. Confronted with this new threat, the king of Badajoz, al-Mutawakkil ibn al-Aftas, obtains the support of Castile in exchange for the Muslim positions on the Tagus river — Sintra, Santarém and Lisbon.[1]
- Roger Guiscard takes Malta.
By topic
Religion
- Athanasius VI bar Khamoro becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.
Births
- date unknown –
Deaths
- June 17 – Dirk V, Count of Holland
- July 5 – Abbot William of Hirsau
- August 25 – Sisnando Davides, military leader
- December 19 – Adelaide of Susa, margravine of Turin
- date unknown –
Robert D'Oyly, first Lord of Oxford Castle