Čurug
| Čurug Чуруг | |
|---|---|
| Village | |
|
Čurug, park in village center | |
 Map of the Žabalj municipality and Šajkaška region (yellow), showing the location of Čurug | |
  Čurug Map of the Žabalj municipality and Šajkaška region (yellow), showing the location of Čurug | |
| Coordinates: 45°28′N 20°4′E / 45.467°N 20.067°E | |
| Country |
 Serbia |
| Province |
 Vojvodina |
| Population (2002) | |
| • Total | 8,882 |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
Čurug (Serbian Cyrillic: Чуруг) is a village in the municipality of Žabalj, in the South Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 8,882 people (2002 census).
Name
In Serbian, the village is known as Чуруг or Čurug, in Croatian as Čurug, and in Hungarian as Csurog.
Geography
The village of Čurug is situated in the wide lowlands of the south-eastern part of the Bačka region, in the place where the river Tisa creates its greatest meander down its flow.
It is bordered by the settlements of Bačko Gradište (to the north), Kumane and Novi Bečej (northeast), Taraš (east), Gospođinci (south), Temerin (southwest), Nadalj (northwest), and Žabalj (south-southeast).
The fact of it being settled in one of the highest parts of planes (82 m sea-level) is one of the main reasons the village always managed to avoid floods, and for being constantly populated during its long history.
History
Several archaeological sites are located around the village (Archeological Site of Stari Vinogradi), mainly from time of Roman Empire and early Middle Ages. Traces of ancient Indo-European peoples, notably of Iazyges and Celts, are also discovered at this location. The archaeologists have found traces of Slavic settlement from the 9th-10th century, as well as the more distinctive ethnic traces of Serb settlement from the 15th century.
It is one of the oldest Vojvodinian settlements, mentioned as far as in 1238 (during the administration of the Kingdom of Hungary) under name Churlack (Csúrlak, Čurlak). In 1325, it was mentioned as Chorug, in 1332/1337 as Churvuk, in 1338/1342 as Charug, in 1363 as Csurog, and in 1380 as Curgug. During Ottoman administration, it was recorded as Csaragh (in 1551), Chyrogd (in 1553), and Czurok (in 1656).
During Ottoman administration (16th - 17th century), Čurug was part of the sanjak of Segedin and nahija of Titel. There was also Ottoman fort near the village, whose commander was beg Melković, who was also commander of forts in Bečej and Bečkerek. During the war between Ottomans and Habsburgs, in 1687/88, village was burned and destroyed.
During Habsburg administration, the village was rebuilt (in 1699). From 1703 to 1751, Čurug was part of Habsburg Military Frontier and from 1751 to 1769, it was part of the District of Potisje. From 1769 to 1873, it was again part of the Military Frontier, and from 1873 to 1918, it was part of the Bačka-Bodrog county within the Kingdom of Hungary and Austria-Hungary. In 1720, village had about 600 inhabitants, most of whom were Serbs and there was also one Hungarian family in the village. In 1880, population of Čurug numbered 6,406 inhabitants, including 4,961 (77%) Serbs, 981 (15%) Hungarians, 181 (2.8%) Germans, 96 (1.5%) Jews, etc. In 1910, population numbered 10,377 inhabitants, including 7,211 (69.5%) Serbs, 2,730 (26.30%) Hungarians, 203 (1.96%) Jews, 171 (1.65%) Germans, etc.
After the World War I, Čurug became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and subsequent South Slavic states. From 1941 to 1944, the town was under Axis occupation within Horthy's Hungary. On 6 January 1942 Hungarian troops and police entered Čurug searching for suspected partisans. They rounded up civilians, including women and children, and removed them to barns, storage buildings, and municipal buildings. Although some suspects were released between 500 to 1,000 people were killed. Their bodies were stripped of all valuables.[1] At the end of 1944, during the Communist purges, reprisal by Serbians took more than 3,000 Hungarian and German lives, practically eradicating the aforementioned minorities from the population of the village. Women and children left alive were taken to the Bački Jarak Camp where the genocide went further. The Serbian population destroyed the town's Catholic church in reprisal for previous atrocities. After 1945, settlers from Bosnia and Herzegovina arrived in the village.
Historical population
- 1961: 9,469
- 1971: 9,336
- 1981: 9,231
- 1991: 8,987
- 2002: 8,882
Famous residents
- Teodor Ilić Češljar (1746–1793), a Serbian painter. He was born in Čurug.
- Petar Konjović (1883–1970), a Serbian composer. He was born in Čurug.
- Jovan Tucakov (1905–1978), a Serbian pharmacologist. He was born in Čurug.
- Lazar Paču (1865–1915)
- Zdravko Rajkov (1927–2006), football player
- Goran Mitorvic football player
- Milan Stankovic politician
See also
- List of places in Serbia
- List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina
References
- ↑ Mojzes, P (2011) Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the 20th Century, Rowman & Littlefield, P88
- Čurug kroz istoriju, Prometej, Novi Sad, 2002.
- Zvonimir Golubović, Racija u južnoj Bačkoj 1942. godine, Novi Sad, 1991.
- Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Čurug. |
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