Zirconium tetrafluoride
| Zirconium(IV) fluoride | |
|---|---|
-fluorid.png) | |
| IUPAC name Zirconium(IV) fluoride | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 7783-64-4  , 15298-38-1 (monohydrate) |
| ChemSpider | 74196 |
| Jmol-3D images | {{#if:F[Zr](F)(F)F|Image 1 |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | ZrF4 |
| Molar mass | 167.21 g/mol |
| Appearance | white crystalline powder |
| Density | 4.43 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
| Melting point | 910 °C |
| Solubility in water | 1.32 g/100mL (20 °C) 1.388 g/100mL (25 °C) |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | Monoclinic, mS60 |
| Space group | C12/c1, No. 15 |
| Hazards | |
| EU Index | Not listed |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| LD50 | 98 mg/kg (oral, mouse) |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Zirconium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) bromide Zirconium(IV) iodide |
| Other cations | Titanium(IV) fluoride Hafnium(IV) fluoride |
(verify) (what is: / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Zirconium(IV) fluoride (ZrF4) is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a component of ZBLAN fluoride glass. It is insoluble in water. It is the main component of fluorozirconate glasses.
Three crystalline phases of ZrF4 have been reported, α (monoclinic, β (tetragonal, Pearson symbol tP40, space group P42/m, No 84) and γ (unknown structure). β and γ phases are unstable and irreversibly transform into the α phase at 400 °C.[1]
Zirconium fluoride is used as a zirconium source in oxygen-sensitive applications, e.g. metal production.[2] Zirconium fluoride can be purified by distillation or sublimation.[3]
Conditions/substances to avoid are: moisture, active metals, acids and oxidizing agents.
Zirconium fluoride in a mixture with other fluorides is a coolant for molten salt reactors. In the mixture with sodium fluoride it is a candidate coolant for the Advanced High-Temperature Reactor.
Together with uranium salt, zirconium fluoride can be a component of fuel-coolant in molten salt reactors. Mixture of sodium fluoride, zirconium fluoride, and uranium tetrafluoride (53-41-6 mol.%) was used as a coolant in the Aircraft Reactor Experiment. A mixture of lithium fluoride, beryllium fluoride, zirconium fluoride, and uranium-233 tetrafluoride was used in the Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment. (Uranium-233 is used in the thorium fuel cycle reactors.)
References
- ↑ Paul L. Brown, Federico J. Mompean, Jane Perrone, Myriam Illemassène (2005). Chemical thermodynamics of zirconium. Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 144. ISBN 0-444-51803-7.
- ↑ "Zirconium fluoride". American Elements. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
- ↑ "Method for preparing ultra-pure zirconium and hafnium tetrafluorides. United States Patent 4578252". Retrieved 2009-07-07.
- ORNL/TM-2006/12 Assessment of Candidate Molten Salt Coolants for the Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR), March 2006 (Accessed 2008/9/18)
| |||||||||||