ZiL

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This page is about the Russian car and truck factory. For other meanings, see ZIL (disambiguation).
AMO ZiL (Avtomobilnoe Moskovskoe Obshchestvo - Zavod Imeni Likhachova)
Type Joint Stock Company
Industry Automotive
Founded 1916
Headquarters Moscow, Russia
Key people Konstantin Laptev, General Director (2002–present)
Products Luxury automobiles
Heavy road vehicles
Offroad vehicles
Military vehicles
Website www.amo-zil.ru

Zavod imeni Likhachova, more commonly called ZIL (or ZiL, Russian: Завод имени Лихачёва (ЗиЛ)—Likhachev Factory, literally "Factory named after Likhachov") is a major Russian truck and heavy equipment manufacturer, which also produced armored cars for most Soviet leaders, as well as buses, armored fighting vehicles, and aerosani. The company also produces hand-built limousines and high-end luxury sedans (автомобиль представительского класса, also translated as "luxury vehicle") in extremely low quantities, primarily for the Russian government. ZIL passenger cars are priced at the equivalent of models from Maybach and Rolls-Royce, but are largely unknown outside the CIS and production rarely exceeds a dozen cars per year.

1916 plan for the AMO factory.

History

The factory was founded in 1916 as Avtomobilnoe Moskovskoe Obshchestvo (AMO, Russian Автомобильное Московское Общество (АМО)—Moscow Automotive Society). The plans were to produce Fiat F-15 1.5 tonne trucks under licence. Because of the October Revolution and the subsequent Russian Civil War it took until 1 November 1924 to produce the first vehicle, the AMO-F-15. In 1931 the factory was re-equipped and expanded with the help of the American A.J. Brandt Co., changed its name to Automotive Factory No. 2 Zavod Imeni Stalina (ZIS or ZiS). After Nikita Khrushchev denounced the cult of personality of Joseph Stalin in 1956, the name was changed again to Zavod imeni Likhachova, after its former director Ivan Alekseevich Likhachov.

ZiL lanes—road lanes dedicated to vehicles carrying top Soviet officials—were named after the car.

Subsidiaries

BAZ produces off-road tractors and chassis with carrying capacity from 14 to 40 tonnes.

Models

Limousines


  • ZIS-101

  • ZIS-110

  • ZIL-111

  • ZIL-114

  • ZIL-117

  • ZIL-4104

  • ZIL-41047

Trucks

ZIL 130
ZIL 5301
ZIL 4331
fire truck AC 3.2-40 (ZiL-4331)
fire truck AC 3,0-40 (ZiL-4334)
  • AMO-F-15 (1924, copies of the Fiat F-15)
  • AMO-2 (1930)
  • AMO-3 (1931)
  • AMO-7 (1932, based on AMO-3)
  • ZIS-5, ZIS-6 (1934, copies of the U.S. Autocar Dispatch Model SA and Model SD)
  • ZIS-10 (1934, tractor-trailer version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-11 (1934, extra long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-12 (1934, long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-13 (1936, gas generator version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-14 (1934, long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-15 (prototype replacement for ZIS-5, 1938)
  • ZIS-21 (1939-1941, based on ZIS-5 but powered by wood gas)
  • ZIS-22 (Halftrack, 1939-1941, based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-23 (three axle prototype based on the ZIS-15)
  • ZIS-24 (four-wheel-drive prototype based on the ZIS-15)
  • ZIS-30 (1940, multifuel version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-32 (1941, 4x4 version of the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-33 (1940, halftrack, based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-36 (1944, prototype 6x6 version of ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-41 (1940, simplified version of ZIS-21)
  • ZIS-42 (Halftrack, 1942-1944, based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-43 (1944, armed version of ZIS-42)
  • ZIS-50 (1946, re-engined ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-120N (1956, tractor-trailer version of ZIS-150)
  • ZIS-121 (tractor-trailer version of ZIS-151)
  • ZIS-128 (1954, prototype for ZIL-131)
  • ZIS-E134 (1955, prototype off road vehicle)
  • ZIS-150 (1947)
  • ZIS-151 (1948, three-axle version of ZIS-150)
  • ZIS-153 (1952?, prototype halftrack based on ZIS-151)
  • ZIS-156 (1947)
  • ZIS-253 (prototype)
  • ZIS-585 (1949, dump-truck version of ZIS-150)
  • ZIL-130 (1962) (production moved to Ural Automobiles and Motors in 1987
  • ZIL-131 (1967) (production moved to Ural Automobiles and Motors in 1987
  • ZIL-132 (1960, prototype off road vehicle)
  • ZIL-133 (1975, three-axle version of ZIL-130)
  • ZIL-134 (1957, prototype off road vehicle)
  • ZIL-135 (1959, prototype off road vehicle) - later built by BAZ
  • ZIL-136 (1957, prototype off road vehicle)
  • ZIL-137 (prototype off road tractor-trailer based on ZIL-131)
  • ZIL-138 (1975)
  • ZIL-157 (1958)
  • ZIL-157R (1957, prototype off road vehicle based on ZIL-157)
  • ZIL-164 (1957, improved ZIS-150)
  • ZIL-164N (1957, tractor trailer version of ZIL-164)
  • ZIL-165 (1958, prototype for ZIL-131)
  • ZIL-E-167 (1962?)
  • ZIL-169G (prototype for ZIL-4331)
  • ZIL-E169A (1964, prototype cab-over truck)
  • ZIL-170 (1969, prototype for KAMAZ-5320)
  • ZIL-175 (1969, two-axle version of ZIL-170, prototype for Kamaz)
  • ZIL-485 (amphibious vehicle based on ZIS-151)
  • ZIL-553 (cement mixer based on ZIL-164)
  • ZIL-555 (1964, dump truck based on ZIL-130)
  • ZIL-585 (1957, dump truck based on ZIL-164)
  • ZIL-2502 (dump truck based on ZIL-5301)
  • ZIL-3302 (1992, prototype truck based on ZIL-119)
  • ZIL-3906
  • ZIL-4305 (1983, prototype truck based on ZIL-4104)
  • ZIL-4327 (2004?)
  • ZIL-4331 (1986)
  • ZIL-4334 (2004)
  • ZIL-4514 (dump truck based on ZIL-133)
  • ZIL-4972
  • ZIL-5301 "Bychok" ("Bull") (1992)
  • ZIL-5901 (1970)
  • ZIL-6404 (1996)
  • ZIL-6309 (1999)
  • ZIL-6409 (1999)
  • ZIL-432720
  • ZIL-432930 (2003)
  • ZIL-433180 (2003)
  • ZIL-436200 (2009)

  • ZIS-5

  • BM-13-16 on a ZiS-6 chassis

  • ZIS-42M

  • ZIS-150

  • BM-13-16 on a ZiS-151

  • ZIL-157

  • ZIL 130

  • ZIL-131

  • ZIL-485 BAV

  • ZIL-133

  • BM-27 Uragan on ZIL-135

  • ZIL 4331

  • fire truck AC 3.2-40 (ZiL-4331)

  • fire truck AC 3,0-40 (ZiL-4334)

  • ZIL 5301 Bychok ("Bull")

Buses

interurban bus ZIS-127
ZIL-119
  • AKZ-1 (1947-1948, based on ZIS-150 truck)
  • AMO-4 (1932-1934, based on the AMO-3)
  • ZIS-lux (prototype, 1934)
  • ZIS-8 (1934-1938, based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-16 (1938-1942, based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-17 (prototype, based on the ZIS-15, 1939)
  • ZIS-44 (based on the ZIS-5)
  • ZIS-127 (1955-1961)
  • ZIL-129 (short-range version of ZIS-127)
  • ZIS-154 (1946–1950)
  • ZIS-155 (1949–1957)
  • ZIL-118 "Yunost" (1967, based on ZIL-111)
  • ZIL-119 (1971-1994, based on ZIL-118; also called ZIL-118K)
  • ZIL-158 (1957-1959, based on ZIL-164)
  • ZIL-159 (1959, prototype for LiAZ)
  • ZIL-3207 (1991-1999, based on ZIL-41047)
  • ZIL-3250 (1998-present, based on ZIL-5301)

  • ZIS-8

  • ZIS-154

  • interurban bus ZIS-127

  • ZIL-158

  • ZIL-119

Sport and racing cars

ZIS-112 Sports
  • ZIS-101 Sport (1939)
  • ZIS-112/1 (1951, based on ZIS-110)
  • ZIS-112/2 (1956)
  • ZIS-112/3 (1956)
  • ZIL-112/4 (1957)
  • ZIL-112/5 (1957, lengthened ZIL-112/4)
  • ZIL-112 Sports (1960–62)
  • ZIL-412 S (1962)

Misc

Astronaut Edward T. Lu, having landed with Soyuz TMA-2, is being recovered with a ZIL-49061 vehicle.
  • B-3 half-tracked transporter
  • ZIS-152 armored personnel carrier
  • PES-1 amphibious vehicle (1966)
  • ZIL-PKU-1 pneumatic tracked off-road vehicle (1965)
  • ZIL-SHN-1 Amphibious Screw Vehicle (1968)
  • ZIL-29061 Amphibious Screw Vehicle
  • ZIL-4904 Amphibious Screw Vehicle
  • ZIL-49042 prototype for "Bluebird" (1973)
  • ZIL-4906 (1975?) "Bluebird" 6-wheeled amphibious vehicle, designed to carry the ZIL-2906. Used for the recovery of Soyuz capsules.[1]
  • ZIL-49061 (1975?) Amphibious rescue vehicle, passenger version of the ZIL-4906. Used for the recovery of Soyuz crews.

See also

  • Soviet Artillery Factory No. 92 was also named Zavod imeni Stalina (ZiS)
  • GM "old-look" transit bus: Soviet versions (ZIS-154 & ZIS-155)

References

  • Zaloga, Steven J., James Grandsen (1984). Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two, p. 44. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-606-8.
  1. ↑ Shelepenkov, Maxim. "Beneath the wing of the "Blue Bird"". Retrieved 20 May 2013. 
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