Zhigansk
| Zhigansk (English) Жиганск (Russian) Эдьигээн (Sakha) | |
|---|---|
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- Rural locality[1] - Selo[1] | |
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_Republic_(2008-03).svg.png) Location of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia | |
  Zhigansk | |
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| Administrative status (as of 2010) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic[1] |
| Administrative district | Zhigansky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Zhigansky District[1] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 3,420 inhabitants[1] |
| Time zone | YAKT (UTC+10:00)[2] |
| Founded | 1632[citation needed] |
| Rural locality status since | 1783[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[3] | 678330 |
Zhigansk (Russian: Жиганск; Sakha: Эдьигээн) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhigansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River near where it is joined by its tributary the Nuora, approximately 600 kilometers (370 mi) northwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. Population: 3,420 (2010 Census);[1] 3,346 (2002 Census);[4] 4,511 (1989 Census).[5]
History
It was founded in 1632 as an ostrog by Cossacks lead by Pyotr Beketov.[citation needed] In 1783, Zhigansk was granted town status and made the seat of a newly created uyezd within Yakutsk Oblast.[citation needed] It lost this function in 1805 with the dissolution of the uyezd, but remained the most northerly town on the Lena until 1917, when it was demoted to rural status.
In 1930, Zhigansk became the administrative center of the newly created Zhigansky District, which was declared an "Evenk National District" due to its large population of Evenks. In 2002, Evenks represented around 47% of the local population and Yakuts a further 34%.
Transportation
Zhigansk is served by the Zhigansk Airport.[6]
There is no year-round road access to Zhigansk, but during the summer months Yakutsk is reachable via boat on the Lena. In the months when the river is frozen, a winter road also leads to Yakutsk.
Climate
Zhigansk has an extreme subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfd), with extremely cold winters, although not quite as cold as Verkhoyansk or Oymyakon further east. Precipitation is quite low but is somewhat higher in summer than at other times of the year.
| Climate data for Zhigansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −11.4 (11.5) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
4.6 (40.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.6 (94.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
24.0 (75.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −35.5 (−31.9) |
−31.0 (−23.8) |
−18.1 (−0.6) |
−5.0 (23) |
6.0 (42.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
7.9 (46.2) |
−7.2 (19) |
−25.8 (−14.4) |
−33.5 (−28.3) |
−7.21 (19.02) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −38.8 (−37.8) |
−34.4 (−29.9) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
1.5 (34.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
16.1 (61) |
12.0 (53.6) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−29.3 (−20.7) |
−36.9 (−34.4) |
−11.52 (11.29) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −42.2 (−44) |
−38.2 (−36.8) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
7.1 (44.8) |
10.7 (51.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−40.5 (−40.9) |
−15.92 (3.32) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −59.6 (−75.3) |
−58.1 (−72.6) |
−51.9 (−61.4) |
−44.4 (−47.9) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−42.6 (−44.7) |
−53.4 (−64.1) |
−60.0 (−76) |
−60 (−76) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 10.4 (0.409) |
11.4 (0.449) |
11.9 (0.469) |
12.4 (0.488) |
21.8 (0.858) |
36.2 (1.425) |
46.3 (1.823) |
45.8 (1.803) |
37.5 (1.476) |
37.4 (1.472) |
18.1 (0.713) |
13.6 (0.535) |
302.8 (11.92) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 22.7 | 17.7 | 14.1 | 11.8 | 10.9 | 13.1 | 9.6 | 12.1 | 15.3 | 25.6 | 24.3 | 20.8 | 198 |
| % humidity | 76.1 | 76.0 | 72.7 | 63.0 | 57.9 | 61.3 | 67.2 | 76.1 | 78.0 | 85.0 | 80.5 | 76.0 | 72.48 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 9.3 | 96.6 | 215.5 | 286.5 | 299.2 | 330.0 | 337.9 | 243.4 | 130.5 | 57.4 | 22.5 | 0.0 | 2,028.8 |
| Source: climatebase.ru (1948-2011)[7] | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ "Zhigansk Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
- ↑ "Zhigansk, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved January 21, 2013.