Zaovine Lake

Zaovine Lake
Panoramic view
Location	Tara Mountain, Zlatibor District
Coordinates	43°52′N 19°24′E / 43.87°N 19.40°E / 43.87; 19.40Coordinates: 43°52′N 19°24′E / 43.87°N 19.40°E / 43.87; 19.40
Type	artificial
Primary inflows	Beli Rzav
Primary outflows	Beli Rzav
Basin countries	Serbia
Surface area	15 km2 (5.8 sq mi)
Average depth	80 m (260 ft)
Water volume	15 hm3 (12,000 acre·ft)
Surface elevation	892 m (2,927 ft)
Settlements	Zaovine

Zaovine Lake (Serbian language: Заовинско језеро or Zaovinsko jezero) is an artificial lake in central-west Serbia, on the Tara Mountain. It was created on the Beli Rzav river as a reservoir for the Bajina Bašta II reversible hydro power plant.

Location

Zaovine Lake is located on the southern slopes of the Tara Mountain, in the direction of the Zvijezda mountain, which marks the border between Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. It spreads out between the villages of Zaovine to the south-west and Mitrovac, major tourist resort on Tara, to the north-east.

Origin

Zaovine Lake was created between 1981 and 83. The Beli Rzav river, one of tributaries of the Rzav river, was dammed with a 125-metre (410 ft) high dam and an artificial lake was created as the reservoir for the Bajina Bašta II reversible hydroelectrical power plant (630 MW).^[1] It is connected to the Drina river. Vežanje, the central hamlet of the village of Zaovine and which gave name to the lake, was flooded by the reservoir.^[2]

Characteristics

The lake covers an area of 15 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi) and has five branches. When the Drina river has a high water level or during the rainy seasons, water from the Drina is pumped into the Zaovine Lake through an 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) pipeline. During converse conditions, water runs back from the Zaovine Lake into the Drina, producing electricity by turning the turbines inside the pipeline. ^[3] There are also five mini-lakes in the area (Spajića, Malo Zaovinsko, etc.) from which the water is also pumped into Zaovine Lake. ^[4] The road connecting Zaovine and Mitrovac bounds the northern side of the lake. The shores of the lake are seeing increasing numbers of visitors, fishermen and campers as summer houses are being built.

Wildlife

The entire lake lies in the Tara National Park, one of five in Serbia. The lake is surrounded by vast woods as forestation of Tara mountain is 75%. Zaovine is the area where Josif Pančić, a leading Serbian botanist, discovered the endemic Serbian spruce in 1875 on the nearby Kik hill. The hill was destroyed in the early 1980s and material was used for building the dam that created Zaovine Lake. There are over 600 plant species in the area surrounding the lake, of which 15 are protected by law, including the Serbian spurce and edelweiss. Wildlife include chamois and 14 species of fish living in the lake, including nase, rainbow trout, European chub and Danube Roach.

References