Ying Wa College

Ying Wa College 英華書院
篤信善行 Steadfast faith, beneficent deeds
Address
1 Ying Wa Street Shamshuipo Kowloon, Hong Kong
Coordinates	22°19′45″N 114°9′10″E / 22.32917°N 114.15278°E / 22.32917; 114.15278
Information
Type	DSS, grant school
Religious affiliation(s)	Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China (Protestantism)
Established	11 November 1818
Founder	Robert Morrison (London Missionary Society)
President	Prof. Chan Ying-shing
Chairperson	Rev. Chan Chi-kin
Principal	Mr. Allan Cheng
Chaplain	Rev. Dr. Cheng Yee-sum, Samuel
Staff	76
Grades	F.1 - F.6
Gender	Boys
Number of students	around 1200
Campus size	13,000 square metres
Colour(s)	Blue and green
Song	Home of Our Youth
Newspaper	"Torch" (Chinese: 火炬)
Website	www.yingwa.edu.hk

Ying Wa College (Chinese: 英華書院; aka YWC), is a direct subsidized boys' school located at 1 Ying Wa Street, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was founded in Malacca in 1818, then known as the Anglo-Chinese College, by the first Protestant missionary to China, Rev. Robert Morrison. In 1843, the school was moved to Hong Kong to continue its work of education.

The College Deed, signed in 1821, stated that the objective of the school was the reciprocal cultivation of English and Chinese literature as well as the diffusion of Christianity (Chinese: 促進中西方學術交流，並廣傳基督福音). These aims remain today in the context of a very different world.

In 2003, the primary school division was re-established, after decades of closure since the 1960s. In 2008, the school launched the Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS).

History

The college in Malacca, Malaysia in 1834.

The original college campus was located in Malacca, Malaysia.

Foundation

Rev. Robert Morrison of the London Missionary Society arrived at China in 1807 to begin his work of evangelisation. He planned to establish a school that would allow Western missionaries to learn Oriental cultures and languages. He also hoped that the school would play a role on introducing the East to the West and vice versa; in other words, to mediate between the two civilizations, and thus to prepare the way for the quiet and peaceful dissemination of Christian thought in China. With the help of Rev. William Milne who joined Morrison in 1813, The Anglo-Chinese College was established in 1818 in Malacca. Rev. Milne was appointed the first Headmaster.

Early period (1818-1858)

Apart from its work as a school, the College also trained evangelists and pastors. Amongst them, former student Rev. Hoh Fuk Tong (何福堂) was made pastor in 1846. He preached in Foshan and Guangzhou to his fellow Chinese people. Leung Faat (梁發), who was a craftsman in the printing centre of the College, also heeded the call to preach Gospel. A printing press was set up within the school premises to publish translated Bible and other religious publications.

Legge and his three Chinese students

In 1840, noted sinologist Rev. James Legge became headmaster. Two years later, Hong Kong was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanking. The London Missionary Society thus decided to move the College to Hong Kong in 1843. The school building was situated at the junction of Hollywood Road and Staunton Street. At that time, Christian churches had yet been officially established. Thus the College was used as a religious centre where Christians assembled to worship the Lord. Since the London Missionary Society deemed that the College should focus more on the training of evangelists after the relocation, The College was renamed The Theological Seminary of the London Missionary Society in China. When Rev. Legge returned to Britain in 1846, he brought with him three of his Chinese students. Legge and the students were received by Queen Victoria.

Another important task of the College was printing the Bible and other religious publications with its own printing press. In 1853, the first Chinese newspaper, The Chinese Serial, was published by the College's printing press.

Rev. James Legge held his headship until he was appointed by the Hong Kong Government in 1864 to help prepare for the opening of Queen's College. Due to the lack of successor as well as political instability, the College ceased to operate. But the printing press continued its work until 1870, when it was sold to Wang Tao and Wong Tat-kuen.

Restoration (1914-1929)

In 1911, the elders of the To Tsai Church together with Rev. Cheung Chuk Ling, Rev. W. T. Pearce and Rev. H. R. Wells revived the College so that the training of the sons of church members might be carried on. In 1913, the London Missionary Society responded to the appeal of the To Tsai Church. Rev. Arnold Hughes was sent to Hong Kong to assume headship, and the College was re-opened as a middle school in 1914 in rented premises, first at 9 Caine Road, later at 45 Caine Road, and finally at 80 Bonham Road (a former property of the German Rhenish Missionary).

The College grappled with many financial problems and it was at this time that help was received from the China Congregational Church. Financial assistance was also received from the Government.

In 1917, Hughes was called up for service in the First World War. Rev. W. T. Pearce became Acting Headmaster until Hughes returned after the war. The College suffered a great loss in 1922 when Hughes became ill, and died in Japan while on his way back to England on sick leave. In that year, the London Missionary Society transferred Rev. L. G. Phillips from Xiamen to Hong Kong. He served as Headmaster for over two years.

With Phillips's departure in 1924, and troubles in connection with the premises at 80 Bonham Road, the College entered another difficult period. The premises were rented from the government who now wanted to auction them off. The School Committee requested to be allowed to buy the property but there aroused a dispute with the Rhenish Mission even though the rental had originally been undertaken with a view to protecting the property and preserving it for the German mission. The committee contemplated closing the school, but eventually the dispute was resolved and the College continued its operation under the headship of Mr. Shum Wai Cheung.

Expansion period (1929-1963)

In 1927, the College decided to build its own campus. Shum succeeded in raising over six thousand dollars from the staff and students. Together with fourteen thousand dollars from the Provident Fund and a government subvention of twenty thousand dollars, the School Committee decided to construct the new school building on the site of Mongkok Church at Bute Street in Mongkok, with the understanding that the College was to share its new hall with Mongkok Church. The government withdrew its financial aid when construction work was underway and the College was completed in September 1928 with the aid of some loans.

In 1930, Shum resigned and the London Missionary Society agreed to urgent appeals from the School Committee that Rev. Frank Short should be allowed to serve the College as Headmaster. Rev. Short administered and developed the College so well that it was restored to the Grant List. The extra funds thus gained made improvement in facilities possible. Rev. Frank Short continued in office until 1938 when he had to devote more time to the administrative work for the London Missionary Society. Mr. Herbert Noble, who taught in the College since 1933, succeeded Short.

In December 1941, Hong Kong fell into the control of the Imperial Japan. The school building itself, commandeered by the Japanese authorities, was used as a P.W.D. depot. Mr Noble, being a member of the naval volunteers, was taken prisoner of war.

At the closure of the war, the school building was restored to the School Committee and the College was re-opened in November 1945. Noble convalesced in London and was temporarily substituted by the senior master Mr. K. Y. Yung. When Noble resumed duty in 1946, the enrollment had increased to such an extent that around 600 students crammed into the building originally designed for 350. The College premises in Bute Street, Mongkok proved to be too small to operate an ideal school. A project for building a new school was therefore contemplated and negotiations resulted in the selling of the existing land and building to the Mongkok Church.

With a plot of land granted by the Government as the College site, the school authority started the construction of a new campus in 1B Oxford Road, Kowloon Tong. The construction work suffered repeated setbacks concerning its location, foundation and plan. It was only through the zealous efforts of Noble, who exhausted himself, and the magnanimity of the public, who made generous donations, that the project was realised in June 1962. In the same year, Mr. Daniel P. K. Au officiated at the foundation ceremony. The new campus was opened by Sir Robert Black, the Governor of Hong Kong, in October 1963.

Oxford Road period (1963-2003)

The Oxford Road campus was situated in a tranquil neighbourhood with adequate facilities. It was also a highly regarded school zone with some of the top schools in Hong Kong situated there. The College has reached its first climax during this period. But Mr. Noble, after serving the College for 30 years, retired in 1964 on account of his poor health. He returned to England soon after retirement and died in December 1964. He was remembered for his dedicated service and remarkable contributions which helped enhance the prestige of the school. The College Hall, for both the Oxford Road and later the Sham Shui Po campuses, known as the Noble Hall, was named after Mr. Noble.

On the other hand, Ying Wa Primary School was forced to close down due to lack of space of the new campus. It was not until 40 years later that the primary school division was re-established.

The London Missionary Society, the then sponsoring body of the College, merged with other missionaries to form the Council for World Mission. The sponsorship of the College was subsequently handed over to the Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China. A Board of Directors was established. Mr. Terence Iles was appointed to succeed Noble as headmaster.

Mr. Iles was most active in organising various extracurricular activities, with a view to develop students' all-roundedness. He had established the house system, in which students were divided into different houses upon arrival to the school. This intensified the competitive spirit in inter-house competitions, such as the Swimming Galas and the Athletic Meets. Speech Day and Open Day were first held during Iles's headship. The College newspaper, Torch, first published in 1964, making it the oldest school publication in Hong Kong. School teams joined various inter-school activities and competitions.

In 1969, Mr. Iles admitted 15 girls to Form 6. This was a disputable, but for someone, a rather enjoyable policy.

After 8 years of devoted service, Iles resigned in 1972 and was succeeded by Mr. Rex King. In addition to improving the school facilities, he also attended to pupils' application, which resulted in marked progress in academic work. His efforts in promoting Putonghua was pioneering. During his headship, the number of classes rose to 31 while the number of students was around 1200. When King resigned in 1978, Mr. H. B. Mui replaced him as headmaster. 12 years later, Mui retired in 1990. An old boy and former member of the Legislative Council, Mr. P. K. Yeung, took over the reins.

Mr. Yeung reintroduced the house system that was suspended for decades in 1991. He promoted the democratisation of school policies and established the Parent Teacher Association.

In 2000, the Board of Directors put in an application to the government for the construction of a millennium campus (aka Y2K campus) on a plot of reclaimed land in West Kowloon. It also decided to re-establish the primary school division and thus join the Through-train scheme with effect from September 2003. The new campus at Ying Wa Street was officially opened in July 2003. The Primary School also had its first intake in September 2003.

The Millennium (2003-Present)

The millennium campus located in Sham Shui Po.

The relocation of the College was wildly debated within the school.^[1] Some feared that by withdrawing from the Kowloon Tong school zone, the standard of the College would be lowered. Others deemed that the Sham Shui Po District was far too distracting for the school to be set up there. But so far, it was proven that the new campus provided students with more space to engage in activities. Students also organised service projects to serve the neighbour, which was regarded as the poorest in Hong Kong.

Mr. Yeung stepped down in 2003 and was succeeded by Mr. Roger Lee, an old boy of class '79. Students were encouraged to join various kinds of activities and competitions, and has won a lot of inter-school sports and music awards. In 2004, the handball team won the inter-house handball competition for the tenth consecutive year.

The Ying Wa Heritage, a school museum, was established in 2005. Old artifacts and documents relating to the College were displayed, including a Bible published by the College back in the 19th century. Some of them were on display in an exhibition of the Hong Kong Museum of Education of the Hong Kong Institute of Education in 2012.^[2][3]

In March 2007, the Board of Directors decided to join the Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS) with effect from September 2007, making it the ninth school in Hong Kong to join the DSS.^[4]

Mr. Roger Lee informed the students of his decision to leave the school in March 2011. Mr. Allan Cheng, a teacher of Ying Wa and an old boy, served as the acting headmaster since September 2011.

On 11 November 2011, a celebration fun day for the 193rd anniversary of the College was held. It was the biggest anniversary celebration activity held since 2003.

On 23 November 2012, the Supervisor of the College confirmed that Mr. Allan Cheng would become the Principal with effect from 1 January 2013, subject to final approval from the Education Bureau.

Roster of Heads

	Name	Name in Chinese	Portrait	Tenure	Remarks
#	Rev. Robert Morrison, D.D. (founder)	馬禮遜牧師		/	The first Protestant missionary to China.
1.	Rev. William Milne, D.D.	米憐牧師		1818 - 1822
2.	Rev. James Humphreys	宏富禮牧師		1822 - 1824
3.	Rev. David Collie	高大衛牧師		1824 - 1828
4.	Rev. Samuel Kidd, M.A.	修德牧師		1828 - 1832
5.	Rev. Jacob Tomlin	湯雅各牧師		1832 - 1834
6.	Rev. John Evans	伊雲士牧師		1834 - 1840
7.	Rev. James Legge, D.D.	理雅各牧師		1839 - 1858	A notable Scottish sinologist. He engaged in the research on translation of Chinese classics until his death in 1897. He was appointed the first Professor in Sinology at the Oxford University in 1876. The College was moved to Hong Kong in 1943.
Suspension Period
8.	Rev. Arnold Hughes, M.A.	曉士牧師		1914 - 1918
#	Rev. W.T. Pearce (acting)	皮堯士牧師		1918 - 1919	Served as acting headmaster when Rev. Hughes was called up to service in the First World War. He was also one of the key figures leading to the restoration of the College in 1914.
8.	Rev. Arnold Hughes, M.A.	曉士牧師		1919 - 1922	The College was placed on the Grant List.
9.	Rev. L. Gordon Phillips	腓力士牧師		1922 - 1924	Transferred from Xiamen to serve as the head of the College.
10.	Mr. Richard Shum Wai Cheung	沈維昌先生		1924 - 1930	Mr. Shum realised the construction of a new campus in Mongkok.
11.	Rev. Frank Short	舒活牧師		1930 - 1938	The College was restored as a Grant School.
12.	Mr. Herbert Noble, O.B.E.	紐寶璐先生		1938 - 1964	Mr. Noble was taken prisoner during the Occupation of Hong Kong during the Second World War. He resumed duty afterwards and planned the building of a new campus in Oxford Road. He himself was a chemist and often went to oversee science lessons in a laboratory robe.
13.	Mr. Terence Iles	艾禮士先生		1964 - 1972	The unprecedented admission of 15 girls to the College in 1969
14.	Mr. Rex King	京力士先生		1972 - 1978
15.	Mr. Mui Ho Bun	梅浩濱先生		1978 - 1990
16.	Mr. Yeung Po Kwan	楊寶坤先生		1990 - 2003	Former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. He was named Justice of Peace in 1986. Yeung was the first old boy to become the headmaster.
17.	Mr. Roger Lee	李志華先生		2003 - 2011	Old boy. The College was relocated to Shum Shui Po campus in 2003.
18.	Mr. Allan Cheng	鄭鈞傑先生		2011 -	Old boy and a maths teacher.

House system

The house system was first introduced Mr. Terence Iles during his headship in the 60s. But it was later suspended and not until 1991 was it re-introduced by Mr. P. K. Yeung. The five houses, each with its own signature colour and mascot, commemorate five very important persons in the history of the school, namely Hoh Fuk Tong, Leung Faat, Milne, Morrison and Noble. The Houses, abbreviations, representative colours and mascots are as shown in the inset on the right.

Upon entering the Ying Wa College, new students are divided into five houses. The five houses compete every year in culture, music and athletics with a prize. The house with the highest overall score is awarded a trophy. Through this system, the competition encourages student excitement, achievement, school mate camaraderie and greater enthusiasm and school spirit. In the past, student were divided into houses according to their classes, i.e. students of the same class belonged to the same house. This policy has changed in recent years. Now there are members of the five houses in one class.

School Song

"Home of Our Youth" is the names of the school song; it is also a figuration of the College, a symbol of brotherhood of the students.

Home of Our Youth
 by Rupert Baldwin (1938)

School Hymn

The school hymn is not used as frequently used as the school song; it is typically used in the Annual Speech Day amongst other ceremonious occasions.

School Hymn
 words by Sebastian W. Meyer (1908)

The School Hymn is also used in some schools in Hong Kong, including Sheng Kung Hui Lam Woo Memorial Secondary School, Sheng Kung Hui Tang Shiu Kin Secondary School, St. Paul's College and St Stephen's Girls' College.

Ying Wa Cry

The Ying Wa Cry is a mantra devised by former headmaster Mr. Terence Iles for cheering purpose in inter-school sports events. Its use is not limited today, as students would chant spontaneously in various school events, like the swimming gala, the athletic meet and the school anniversary day.

There is a special tradition in the Speech Day: when the guests and teachers start to march out of the hall at the end of the ceremony, under the accompaniment of the orchestra (playing Ying Wa March), students would chant the cry continuously until the procession has long gone, and the ceremony would end in a rumble of claps.

To lead the cry, one has to say (in Cantonese) "Ying Wa Boys: one, two, three..." (英華仔：一、二、三⋯⋯), and then the mass would follow.

Extracurricular activities

Student Council

Established in the 1960s, the College Student Council is responsible for organising various kinds of in-school and inter-school activities. The Council consists of eight cabinet members, sub-committee members and representatives of different student bodies, including the Prefects' Board, the five Houses, the Music Union, the Sports Section, the school newspaper editorial board, as well as other clubs and societies.

The Cabinet

The Cabinet of the Council consists of eight members:

• President
• Internal Vice President
• External Vice President
• Treasurer
• Secretary for Culture
• Secretary for Welfare
• Secretary for Recreation
• Secretary for Publicity

The election of the Council is usually held in October, in which members of the Cabinet are elected by the whole school, including teachers and students. If the Cabinet is not formed due to whatever reason, the previous Cabinet (i.e. that from last year) will continue their service until the end of the first term. This, however, has never happened. The Inauguration of the members of the Student Council as well as the Clubs and Societies will be held after the election. They are required to read out the Oath of Office after the Headmaster.

Once the Cabinet is formed, the cabinet members are respondible for the function of the Council. They are assisted by a group of sub-committee members in organising different events, such as the Annual Ball, Ying Wa Premier League (football) matches, YWBA (basketball) matches, celebrating events on the School Anniversary Day, etc.

The Eighteen Members' Board

The Eighteen Members' Board, known as the 'Big Eighteen' (or 十八大 in Chinese), consists of the eight members of the Cabinet as well as ten representatives of the student groups:

• Head Prefect & Deputy Headprefect -representing the Prefects' Board
• House Captains (5 in total) - representing the five Houses
• Music Captain - representing the Music Union
• Sports Captain - representing the Sports Section
• Chief Editor of Torch (the school newspaper) - representing the editorial borad

The Board is responsible for passing the proposal and the budget of the Cabinet.

Clubs and Societies

• Art Club
• Astronomy Club
• Audio Visual Team
• Cheering Team
• Chess and Card Club
• Chinese Culture and History Society
• Chinese Debating Society
• Civic Education Club
• Community Youth Group
• Creative and Critical Thinking Club
• Drama Club
• English Society
• Environmental Protection Club
• Fencing Club
• Foreign Language Club
• Interact Club
• IT and Computer Society
• Library Club
• Mathematics Society
• Photography Club
• Putonghua Society
• Quiz Society
• Red Cross (Youth Unit 49)
• Science Society
• Social Science Society
• Society for Technology
• Scout
• Sweet Campus
• Transport Society

Notable alumni

• Hoh Fuk Tong The first Chinese Reverend of the Protestant churches.
• Leung Faat
• Yuan Dehui
• Antony Leung
• Samuel Hui
• Andrew Liao
• Ku Siu-cheung

See also

• Education in Hong Kong
• List of secondary schools in Hong Kong
• Robert Morrison (missionary)
• London Missionary Society
• The Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China
• Ying Wa Primary School

References

• Siu-Lun LAU, Sanctuary of Excellence - The History of Ying Wa College, Ying Wa College Old Boys' Association Limited 2001, ISBN 962-86125-1-4

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ying Wa College.

• The official website of Ying Wa College
• Ying Wa College Old Boys' Association
• Ying Wa Chain ( 英 華 點 將 錄 )
• HKCCCC Mongkok Church 中華基督教會望覺堂
• HKCCCC Ying Wa Church 中華基督教會英華堂
• Smith, Carl, "A sense of history (Part I). Ying Wa has longest link with the past", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch, pp. 144–264, Vol. 26 (1986)