Yelets
| Yelets (English) Елец (Russian) | |
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 Yelets Cathedral | |
.svg.png) Location of Lipetsk Oblast in Russia | |
  Yelets | |
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| Administrative status (as of August 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Lipetsk Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Administrative center of | Yeletsky District,[1] Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Municipal status (as of August 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Yelets Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Yelets Urban Okrug,[2] Yeletsky Municipal District[2] |
| Head[citation needed] | Sergey Panov[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 108,404 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 151st |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| First mentioned | 1146[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 399770—399788 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 47467[citation needed] |
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Yelets (Russian: Еле́ц) is a city in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Bystraya Sosna River, which is a tributary of the Don. Population: 108,404 (2010 Census);[3] 116,726 (2002 Census);[6] 120,261 (1989 Census).[7]
History
Yelets is the oldest center of the Central Black Earth Region. It was mentioned in historical documents as early as 1146, when it belonged to the Princes of Ryazan.[citation needed] The town's position at the very south of Russian lands made it an easy prey for Turkic conquerors. The Mongols burned it in 1239, Uzbeg Khan ravaged it in 1316, Timur sacked it in 1395, and the Tatars devastated it in 1414.
In 1483, the Principality of Yelets was absorbed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow, while the local Rurikid rulers (last heard of in the 19th century) entered the service of Ivan III. In 1591, Boris Godunov revived the largely deserted town by establishing a fortress there. In 1618, the fortress was captured "by subterfuge" by 20,000 Cossacks under Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, allied with Władysław IV of Poland. They dismantled a large part of town fortifications.
In the 19th century, Yelets became the largest trade center of the region. Handmade lace has been a notable product of the city since then; other important industries are grain milling and the manufacture of machinery. The town's chief landmark is the vast Ascension Cathedral, built over the years 1845–1889 to a Neo-Muscovite design by Konstantin Thon. It is the only church by Thon to survive the Soviet years more or less intact. The town was occupied and damaged by the Nazis in 1941.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Yelets serves as the administrative center of Yeletsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated as Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Yelets City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Yelets Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy and transportation
The city is connected to Moscow, Lipetsk, Oryol, and Rostov by rail and the M4 highway runs past it.
The main industries are limestone quarrying, engineering, food processing, textiles and clothing (Yelets Lace), tobacco processing, and vodka distilling.
Culture and education
The city has a theater, movie theaters, and several sports venues.
The Yelets State University was upgraded from an institute in 2000 and the city has eight secondary schools.
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Law #382-OZ
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #536-OZ
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
Sources
- Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. Закон №382-ОЗ от 28 апреля 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Липецкой области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №535-ОЗ от 18 августа 2011 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Липецкой области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Липецкой области и порядке его изменения"». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №88, 7 мая 2010 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #382-OZ of April 28, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Lipetsk Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Law #535-OZ of August 18, 2011 On Amending the Law of Lipetsk Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Lipetsk Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change". Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
- Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. Закон №114-ОЗ от 2 июля 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований в Липецкой области статусом городского округа, муниципального района, городского и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №536-ОЗ от 18 августа 2011 г «О внесении изменений в статью 5 Закона Липецкой области "О наделении муниципальных образований в Липецкой области статусом городского округа, муниципального района, городского и сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №131, 8 июля 2004 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #536-OZ of August 18, 2011 On Granting Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of Lipetsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #536-OZ of August 18, 2011 On Amending Article 5 of the Law of Lipetsk Oblast "On Granting Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of Lipetsk Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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