Winter's formula

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"Winter's Formula",[1] named for Dr. R.W. Winters,[2] is a formula used to evaluate respiratory compensation when analyzing acid-base disorders and a metabolic acidosis is present.[3][4] It can be given as

P_{{CO_{2}}}=(1.5\times HCO_{3}^{-})+8\pm 2,

where HCO3- is given in units of mEq/L and PCO2 will be in units of mmHg.

Winter's formula gives an expected value for the patient's PCO2; the patient's actual (measured) PCO2is then compared to this.
If the two values correspond, respiratory compensation is considered to be adequate.
If the measured PCO2 is higher than the calculated value, there is also a primary respiratory acidosis.
If the measured PCO2 is lower than the calculated value, there is also a primary respiratory alkalosis.

References

  1. ↑ http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=681186
  2. ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5775132
  3. ↑ "Case 1: Acid Base Tutorial, University of Connecticut Health Center". Retrieved 2009-05-09. 
  4. ↑ "Acid-Base Disorders: Acid-Base Regulation and Disorders: Merck Manual Professional". Retrieved 2009-05-09. 
Urinary system physiology: renal physiology and acid-base physiology
Filtration
Hormones affecting
filtration
Secretion /
clearance
Reabsorption
Endocrine
Assessing
renal function/
measures of dialysis
Acid-base
physiology
Buffering/
compensation
Other

M: URI

anat/phys/devp/cell

noco/acba/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, urte

proc/itvp, drug (G4B), blte, urte


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