Whitburn, South Tyneside
Whitburn is a village in South Tyneside, on the coast of North East England. It lies just to the north of the City of Sunderland in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear. Until 1974, when the Local Government Act 1972 came into being, it was part of County Durham. The village has a population of 5,235.[1]
Etymology
This Whitburn has a different origin to the one in Lothian: it means "white barn or house " from Old English hwit "white" and bere-ærn "barn". A record of the name as Wituberne in 1182 proves this.
A brief history
Whitburn is listed in the "Boldon buke" of 1183 as "Whitbern" and was probably a Saxon settlement.
Following the attack of the Spanish Armada on England in 1588, the vanquished Spanish fleet fled around the coast of England. Two Spanish galleons ran aground on Whitburn Rocks in rough seas and local inhabitants plundered the wreckage. The bell from one of the galleons was placed in Whitburn Church. Spanish oak beams removed from the shipwrecks could still be viewed in the roof of the Whitburn lawnmower shop in the 1950s prior to the building's demolition.
Whitburn remained fairly undisturbed settlement until 1718 when the Land Enclosure Act came into force and a number of farms were created . The settlement was isolated as no roads connected to it, but there was a path on Sea Lane (now East Street) connecting it to Whitburn Bents, a nearby hamlet. Not until 1866 was a road built over the sandunes to Fulwell, in northern Sunderland. In 1874 Marsden Pit was sunk and the community increased dramatically as a result. Whitburn Colliery closed in 1968, and the land is now a coastal park and nature reserve.[2]
Features
Whitburn has retained its village character, with its main street, parish church, cricket ground and park with bowling greens and tennis courts.
It is generally accepted that Lewis Carroll wrote The Walrus and the Carpenter while holidaying at his cousins' house in Whitburn.[3] A statue of Carroll is in the library.[4]
Whitburn windmill, dating from the eighteenth century, is a local landmark.[5] Durham County Council, which covered the South Tyneside area until 1974, took ownership of the mill in 1960 from the Church Commissioners. The building is listed (Grade 2) as it is considered to be of special architectural and historical importance and is protected therefore by the requirements of the Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. In 1991/1992 South Tyneside Council undertook a restoration project of the mill, including restoration of the sails, for which it was awarded the Civic Trust Award.
There are three schools in Whitburn - Whitburn Village Primary School, Marsden Primary School and Whitburn Church of England Academy (formerly Whitburn Comprehensive School).
To the north of the village, near Marsden Village, is Whitburn Coastal Park, near which is cared for by the National Trust team based at the Souter Lighthouse. This recreation area is a popular haunt for birdwatchers. A sea-watching observatory is used mainly by Durham Bird Club members, who monitor seabird and wildfowl migration throughout the year (activity peaks during July–November), but is open to all bird-watchers. Keys (£12) can be bought at the National Trust shop at Souter Lighthouse but the observatory is normally in use whenever seabird and wildfowl passage is in progress which means it can be accessed by bird-watchers without keys. Whitburn is one of the premier sites on the east coast of England for seawatching with notable list of rarities to its name. A good variety of cetaceans are also seen from here, particularly in late summer.
There are three public houses in Whitburn. The Grey Horse on North Guards, The Jolly Sailor on Front Street and the Whitburn Lodge on the Coast Road which used to be part of the former Whitburn Colliery buildings.
People from Whitburn
Famous people to come from Whitburn, such as:
- George Farrow - footballer, member of Blackpool's 1953 FA Cup-winning side.
- Jack Weddle - footballer, striker for Portsmouth F.C. and Blackburn Rovers.
- Bill Robinson - footballer, striker for Sunderland AFC, member of Charlton Athletic's 1947 FA Cup-winning side, and West Ham United.
- Edward Brown - footballer for Lincoln City was born in Whitburn .
- John Hastings - footballer for Rotherham United and Barrow born in Whitburn 1903 died in Whitburn October 1966 .
- Jack Young and Billy Henderson (footballers), full-backs for West Ham United in 1923 FA Cup Final.[6]
- Nadine Shah - Musician
- Keith Waugh - Professional footballer and goalkeeper with Sunderland, Peterborough United, Sheffield United, Bristol City, Coventry City and Watford between 1973 and 1994 lived and grew up in Whitburn and attended both the infants and junior schools
- Julie Elliott - Labour MP for Sunderland Central Born in Whitburn 1969
References
- ↑ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Urban Areas : Table KS01 : Usual Resident Population Retrieved 2009-08-26
- ↑ Whitburn
- ↑ BBC - Wear - Coast - Point 7 - The Carroll connection
- ↑ British Society for the History of Mathematics
- ↑ "WHITBURN MILL, CEDAR GROVE (east side), BOLDON, SOUTH TYNESIDE, TYNE AND WEAR". English Heritage. Retrieved 21 May 2009.
- ↑ 1923 Cup Final programme
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Whitburn, South Tyneside. |
- South Tyneside Council & Community website - Local council website
- History of Mining at Whitburn from the Durham Mining Museum
- Map sources for Whitburn, South Tyneside
- Photographs of Whitburn, old and new from the Whitburn Local History Group
- Whitburn Community Website
Coordinates: 54°57′07″N 1°21′58″W / 54.95189°N 1.36606°W
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