Volkhov
| Volkhov (English) Волхов (Russian) | |
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.svg.png) Location of Leningrad Oblast in Russia | |
  Volkhov | |
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| Administrative status (as of May 2012) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Leningrad Oblast |
| Administrative district | Volkhovsky District[1] |
| Settlement municipal formation | Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1] |
| Administrative center of | Volkhovsky District,[1] Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1] |
| Municipal status (as of November 2011) | |
| Municipal district | Volkhovsky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Volkhovsky Municipal District,[2] Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 47,182 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| Town status since | 1933[5] |
| Previous names |
Zvanka (until 1933),[6] Volkhovstroy (until 1940)[6] |
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Volkhov (Russian: Во́лхов) is an industrial town and the administrative center of Volkhovsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated 122 kilometers (76 mi) east of St. Petersburg, on the Volkhov River. Population: 47,182 (2010 Census);[3] 46,596 (2002 Census);[7] 50,325 (1989 Census).[8]
History
The town grew up during the industrialization in the first half of the 20th century. The settlement of Zvanka with a train depot was built here, as the railway connecting St. Petersburg and Vologda was constructed. It was a part of Novoladozhsky Uyezd of Saint Petersburg Governorate. A second rail line running north of the station towards Murmansk was constructed in 1916, making the station an important railway junction. In 1918, construction of the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station (the first in the Soviet Union) started on this spot. In 1926 the power plant was opened, and in 1932 the first Soviet aluminium plant was launched nearby.
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Volkhovsky District, with the administrative center in Zvanka, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On December 27, 1933 the settlements serving the station, the dam, and the aluminium plant were merged with several adjacent villages to form the town of Volkhovstroy. On September 19, 1939 Volkhovstroy was made a town of oblast significance, and on April 11, 1940, it was renamed Volkhov.[5][6] In 2010, the administrative division of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with the municipal division, and Volkhov was made the town of district significance.[9]
Administrative and municipal status
Volkhov serves as the administrative center of Volkhovsky District.[1] Municipally, Volkhov is incorporated within Volkhovsky Municipal District as Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement.[2]
Economy
Industry
The economy of Volkhov is essentially based on the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station and on the aluminum production plant.[10]
Transportation
Volkhov (railway stations Volkhovstroy I and Volkhovstroy II) is an important railway hub. One railway line connects in with Saint Petersburg (Moskovsky Rail Terminal), and Volkhovstroy I is the terminal station of suburban trains from Saint Petersburg. To the east, a railway line continues to Vologda via Tikhvin and Cherepovets. Another railway line passing through Volkhov connects Chudovo in the south and Lodeynoye Pole, Petrozavodsk, and ultimately Murmansk in the north. In Chudovo, it connects to railway between Saint Petersburg and Moscow, so that all traffic between Moscow and Murmansk proceeds via Volkhovstroy.
Volkhov is located on the road, connecting Kiselnya on the M18 highway, which connects Saint Petersburg and Murmansk, and Tikhvin, Cherepovets and Vologda. Volkhov is also connected by roads with Kirishi and with Novaya Ladga. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Volkhov.
The Volkhov River is navigable, however, there is no passenger navigation.
Culture and recreation
The district contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally seventeen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[11] The federal monuments are the Volkhov Hydroelectric station, the monument to Genrikh Graftio, the head of the construction of the power plant, the first building of the aluminum plant, as well as the houses where Graftio and Boris Vedeneyev, who was also leading the power plant construction, lived.
International relations
Twin towns and sister cities
Volkhov is twinned with:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Oblast Law #32-oz
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Law #56-oz
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 90. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Волховский район (август 1927 г.)" (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ "Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году" (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
- ↑ "Справочник "Волхов"" (in Russian). SPR. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
- ↑ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
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