Viola concerto

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Colour photograph
First page of the viola solo part, in the manuscript parts set of Hoffmeister's viola concerto in D

A viola concerto is a concerto contrasting a viola with another body of musical instruments such as an orchestra or chamber music ensemble. Early examples of viola concertos include Telemann's concerto in G major and several concertos by Carl Stamitz and other members of his family. The first concertante work to use the viola without caution was Mozart's violin and viola Sinfonia Concertante.

The viola, as with the cello, suffers from problems of projection against an orchestral ensemble and so has not enjoyed wide popularity as a solo instrument. According to some musicologists, including Alfred Einstein,[citation needed] the essence of the concerto is not the display of virtuosity, but in conflict and resolution, and the viola is less suited than the piano, or even the violin, to balance itself against any orchestra that is not deliberately underused by the composer. Viola players were often originally violinists and so until recently there were few viola soloists. William Walton, Ralph Vaughan Williams and Paul Hindemith were among the first composers to write solo viola works for new, more capable players. These players in turn arranged works originally composed for other instruments, an example being Lionel Tertis's arrangement of Edward Elgar's cello concerto.

Selected list of concertos and concertante works

  • Alessandro Appignani
    • Viola Concerto (2008)
  • Arnold Bax
    • Phantasy for Viola and Orchestra (1920)
  • Jiří Antonín Benda
    • Viola Concerto in F major (about 1775)
  • Valentin Bibik
    • Concerto No. 1 for Viola and Chamber Orchestra, Op. 53 (1984)
    • Concerto No. 2 for Viola and Orchestra, Op. 104 (1994)
  • Herbert Blendinger (b.1936)
    • Concerto for viola and orchestra, Op. 38 (1982)
    • Concerto for viola and string orchestra, Op. 16 (1962)
  • Ernest Bloch
    • Suite for Viola and Orchestra (1919)
    • Suite hébraïque
  • Max Bruch
    • Romance for viola and orchestra, Op. 85
    • Concerto for Clarinet, Viola and Orchestra, Op. 88
  • Diana Burrell
    • Viola Concerto “...calling, leaping, crying, dancing...” (1994)
  • Rebecca Clarke
    • Sonata for Viola and Orchestra (1919) ()-- the sonata for viola and piano orchestrated in 2004-5 by Ruth Lomon
  • Iván Erőd (b.1936)
    • Concerto for viola and orchestra, Op. 30 (1979–1980); Ludwig Doblinger Musikverlag
    • Koncertant Fantasy for viola and string orchestra, Op. 35 (1980–1981); Ludwig Doblinger Musikverlag
  • Ignatz Gspan
    • Concerto in C major for Viola and Orchestra (Strings) (18th century)
  • Gordon Jacob
    • Concerto for Viola and Orchestra (1925)
    • Viola Concerto No. 2 (1979) ()
  • Victor Legley
    • Viola Concerto, Op. 78 (1971) ()
  • Darius Milhaud
    • Viola Concerto with orchestra of soloists, Op. 108 (1929; a revised version — a version for larger orchestra was premiered by Monteux, conducting, Paul Hindemith, viola in Amsterdam)
    • Concertino d'été, Op. 311 (1951)
    • Viola Concerto No. 2, Op. 340 (1955; for William Primrose) ()
    • Air (from Sonata No. 1), Op. 242 (1944)
  • Paul Müller-Zürich
    • Viola Concerto in F minor, Op. 24 (1934)
  • Thea Musgrave
    • Lamenting with Ariadne for Viola and Chamber Orchestra
  • Alessandro Rolla (1757–1841)
    • Concertino in E-flat major for Viola and Orchestra (or String Quartet), BI. 328/546
    • Introduction and Divertimento in F major for Viola and Large Orchestra (incomplete), BI. 329
    • Divertimento in F major for viola and orchestrad'archi, BI. 330
    • Rondo in G major for viola and string orchestra, 2 oboes and 2 horns, BI.331
    • Divertimento in G major for viola and orchestra, BI. 332
    • Adagio and Thema with Variations in G major for viola and orchestra, BI. 333
    • Concerto in C major for viola and orchestra, BI. 541
    • Concerto in D major for viola and orchestra, BI. 542
    • Concerto in D major for viola and orchestra, BI. 543
    • Concerto in E-flat major for viola and orchestra, BI. 544
    • Concerto in E-flat major for viola and orchestra, BI. 545
    • Concerto in E-flat major for viola and orchestra, BI. 547
    • Concerto in E major for viola and orchestra, BI. 548
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 549
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 550
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 551
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 552
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 553
    • Concerto in F major for viola and orchestra, BI. 554
    • Concerto in B-flat major for viola and orchestra, BI. 555
  • Antonio Rolla (1798–1837)
    • Variazioni Brillanti in F major for Viola and Orchestra, Op. 13 (1822)
  • Julius Röntgen
    • Triple concerto in B-flat major, for violin, viola, cello and strings (1922)
    • Triple concerto for violin, viola and cello (1930)
    • Introduction, Fugue, Intermezzo and Finale for violin, viola, cello
  • Hilding Rosenberg
    • Viola Concerto (three versions - 1942, 1964, both for viola and strings, 1945 for larger orchestra) ()
  • Ahmet Adnan Saygun
    • Concerto for Viola and Orchestra (1977)
  • Anton Stamitz
    • Concerto in B-flat major (recordings on Panton and on Koch Schwann CDs, and on a 1980 Supraphon LP. A score was published by Schött in Mainz and New York in 1972.)
    • Concerto in F major for viola and strings (1779) (Score published by Schött in 1970. Referred to as concerto no. 2.)
    • Concerto in G major (published by Breitkopf und Härtel in 1971. Referred to as concerto no. 3. See also the comment under Carl Stamitz.)
    • Concerto in D major (published by Breitkopf und Härtel in 1973. At least one of Anton Stamitz' concertos was published earlier by Sieber in Paris during the 18th century.)
  • Carl Stamitz
    • Concerto No. 1 in D major (1774)
    • Concerto No. 2 in B-flat/A major
    • Concerto No. 3 in A major
  • Johann Stamitz
    • Concertos (at least one, in G major, published by Litolff in 1962. May have been meant for viola d'amore.)
  • Constantinos Stylianou
    • Concerto for Viola and Orchestra in C minor (2012)
  • Alexander Voltz
    • Viola Concerto No.1 in Bb Minor, Op.1
  • Matthew Whittall
    • Viola Concerto "The heaven that dwells so deep" (2012) Premiered by Ilari Angervo (viola) & Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, cond. by Ernest Martinez-Izquierdo

See also

External links

Types
By instrument
By composers
  • Book:Concertos
  • Category:Concertos
  • Portal:Classical music
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