Vincent Thomas Bridge

Vincent Thomas Bridge
The Vincent Thomas Bridge in 2009
Carries	4 lanes of SR 47
Crosses	Los Angeles Harbor
Locale	San Pedro, California and Terminal Island
Owner	California Department of Transportation[1]
Maintained by	Caltrans
Design	Suspension bridge
Total length	6,060 feet (1,847 m)
Width	52 feet (16 m) (typical)
Height	365 feet (111 m)
Longest span	1,500 feet (457 m)
Clearance below	approximately 185 feet (56 m)
Opened	November 15, 1963 (November 15, 1963)
Daily traffic	32,000
Coordinates	33°44′58″N 118°16′18″W / 33.74944°N 118.27167°W / 33.74944; -118.27167

The Vincent Thomas Bridge is a 1,500-foot (460 m) long suspension bridge, crossing the Los Angeles Harbor in the U.S. state of California, linking San Pedro, Los Angeles, with Terminal Island. The bridge is part of State Route 47. The bridge opened in 1963 and is named for California Assemblyman Vincent Thomas of San Pedro, who championed its construction. It was the first welded suspension bridge in the United States^[2] and is now the fourth longest suspension bridge in California and the 76th longest span in the world. The clear height of the navigation channel is approximately 185 feet (56 m);^[3] it is the only suspension bridge in the world supported entirely on piles.^[2]

The terminal for ferries and helicopters to Santa Catalina Island is located underneath the western part of the bridge.

History

The bridge viewed from 11,500 feet. A cruise ship is seen in dock. The Victory Ship SS Lane Victory is also visible, moored between the cruise ship and the bridge.

Assemblyman Thomas, who represented San Pedro, spent 19 years beginning in 1940 arguing for the 16 different pieces of legislation that were necessary for its construction.^[4] During that time and in the years right after it was built, it was ridiculed as "The bridge to nowhere".^[4]

Other bridges to the island included the 1948 Commodore Heim lift bridge connecting SR 47 north and a WWII pontoon bridge from Ocean Blvd. to Long Beach (replaced in 1968 by the Gerald Desmond arch bridge). Until the new bridge's 1963 construction, ferry service from San Pedro was important to cannery and shipyard workers on Terminal Island; private ferries had begun in 1870, and municipal ferry service had began in 1941.^[2] Some residents, including many women who worked at the canneries, tried unsuccessfully to keep one of the smaller pedestrian-only^[4][5] ferries operating after the new bridge's opening because the ferry was available at any time including night-shift hours but the new bus service involved long waits.

In 1968 the bridge was connected through SR 47 directly into the Harbor Freeway; having the bridge and connection available was cited by port officials as crucial to the port's success in the era of containerized cargo.^[4] Today, cargo can go from the San Pedro side of the Port of Los Angeles over the Vincent Thomas bridge, onto the Terminal Island Freeway, to the southern end of the Long Beach Freeway, and then up to the rail yards of East Los Angeles.

At the 25th anniversary of its opening in 1988, events were held to raise money for $170,000 of permanent decorative lights for the bridge's main cables.^[4] In January 2005, after 17 years of planning and fundraising, the decorative illumination was changed to 160 blue LED lamps, powered by solar panels, with a project cost of $1 million.^[2] Each lamp contains 360 diodes, using 20 watts total, powered by 4500 watts of solar panels. Each two foot by four foot panel generates 80 watts. It is the first combined use of solar power and LEDs in a bridge lighting installation.^{[citation needed]}

When the bridge opened in 1963, Vincent Thomas was the longest-serving assembyman. In 1961, the legislature passed a special Concurrent Resolution 131 in order to name it after him while he was still serving.^[2]

Eastbound entrance from N. Harbor Blvd., San Pedro, California as of September 2011

Tolls

When the bridge opened in 1963, the toll was 25 cents in each direction, with the toll plaza on the Terminal Island side. In 1983, the toll increased to 50 cents for westbound traffic but became free for eastbound traffic.^[2] In 2000, tolls were eliminated on the Vincent Thomas Bridge, leaving the San Diego-Coronado Bridge as the only remaining toll bridge in Southern California. After the San Diego-Coronado Bridge stopped collecting tolls in 2002, the California Department of Transportation was able to devolve authority over toll bridges to the Bay Area Toll Authority in June 2005.

Aside from the toll plaza now housing California Highway Patrol facilities, an inadvertent remnant of the toll era still exists: entering the bridge from San Pedro on N. Harbor Boulevard and heading eastbound, a sign prominently states below the name Vincent Thomas Bridge the words "Free Direction" (indicating the absence of a toll). A similar sign marking the more heavily used eastbound entrance from Gaffey Street still bears the weathered outline of the words "Free Direction," though the letters were removed likely sometime near the toll elimination in 2000.

Media location

The cruise Ship Sapphire Princess passes under the Vincent Thomas Bridge as it departs Port of Los Angeles in 2011.

Films

The bridge has featured in numerous movies such as the original Gone in 60 Seconds and its remake, Lethal Weapon 2, To Live and Die in L.A., Heat, City of Angels, and Charlie's Angels.

Television

The bridge's toll plaza featured in a 1960s episode of the original series of Mission: Impossible where Mr. Phelps, played by Peter Graves, receives his instructions.

In August 2012, for the season three premiere of the History Channel’s show Top Gear, the bridge was used as a finishing line for a closed course race. The race was between professional driver Tanner Foust, who drove a 2009 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 police car, and professional stunt driver Ernie Vigil, who drove a Triumph 1050 Speed Triple motorcycle.^[6]

Video games

The bridge was featured in the 2004 video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, and the 2013 video game Grand Theft Auto V. The bridge exists in the latter as the "Mirriam Turner Overpass". The bridge is featured in Need For Speed: Most Wanted as "Heflin Drive".

Notoriety

On October 26, 1990, 1964 Olympic diving bronze medalist Larry Andreasen was killed jumping from the west tower of the bridge in an attempt to set a diving record.^[7]

Los Angeles police say a suicide attempt is made from the bridge "every few months".^[8] In August 2012, film director Tony Scott committed suicide by jumping from the bridge.^[9][10]

Photos

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  Vincent Thomas Bridge

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  Vincent Thomas Bridge

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  Vincent Thomas Bridge and the Port of Los Angeles

• 

  Vincent Thomas Bridge illuminated with blue LEDs

References

External links

• Vincent Thomas Bridge at Structurae
• Terminal Island

Bridges of the Los Angeles Harbor West Pacific Ocean Vincent Thomas Bridge East Henry Ford Bridge; & Commodore Schuyler F. Heim Bridge Pacific Harbor Line; & .

v t e Harbor Area, Los Angeles Districts and neighborhoods Harbor City Harbor Gateway San Pedro Terminal Island Wilmington Points of interest Cabrillo Marine Aquarium Port of Los Angeles Vincent Thomas Bridge Neighboring cities and communities Carson Long Beach Rancho Palos Verdes Rolling Hills Rolling Hills Estates Torrance LA Regions Crescenta Valley Downtown Eastside Harbor Area Greater Hollywood Northeast LA Northwest LA San Fernando Valley South LA Westside Wilshire Mid-City West Mid-Wilshire