Verona, New Jersey

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Verona, New Jersey
Township
Township of Verona

Flag
Seal
Location of Verona in Essex County. Inset: Location of Essex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Verona, New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°50′02″N 74°14′34″W / 40.834007°N 74.242877°W / 40.834007; -74.242877Coordinates: 40°50′02″N 74°14′34″W / 40.834007°N 74.242877°W / 40.834007; -74.242877[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Essex
Settled 1702
Incorporated April 30, 1907
Government[3]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Council-Manager)
 • Mayor Bob Manley (term ends June 30, 2017)[4][5]
 • Manager Joseph Martin[4]
 • Clerk Susan Neale[6]
Area[2]
 • Total 2.776 sq mi (7.191 km2)
 • Land 2.755 sq mi (7.137 km2)
 • Water 0.021 sq mi (0.054 km2)  0.76%
Area rank 355th of 566 in state
18th of 22 in county[2]
Elevation[7] 335 ft (102 m)
Population (2010 Census)[8][9][10]
 • Total 13,332
 • Estimate (2012[11]) 13,391
 • Rank 187th of 566 in state
14th of 22 in county[12]
 • Density 4,838.4/sq mi (1,868.1/km2)
 • Density rank 114th of 566 in state
13th of 22 in county[12]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP code 07044[13][14]
Area code(s) 862/973
FIPS code 3401375815[15][2][16]
GNIS feature ID 1729716[17][2]
Website http://www.veronanj.org

Verona is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 13,332[8][9][10] reflecting a decline of 201 (-1.5%) from the 13,533 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 64 (-0.5%) from the 13,597 counted in the 1990 Census.[18]

In 2008, New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Verona #1 in Essex County and #3 in New Jersey as "Top Places to Live in New Jersey".[19]

History

Verona and several neighboring towns were all originally one town known as the Horseneck Tract. In 1702, a group of settlers left Newark and purchased a large tract of land northwest of their home city for the equivalent of a few hundred dollars from the Lenni Lenape Native Americans. This piece of land extended west and north to the Passaic River, south to the town center of what would become Livingston, and east to the First Watchung Mountain, and was called Horseneck by the natives because it resembled the neck and head of a horse. What was then known as Horseneck contained most of the present day northern Essex County towns: Verona, along with Caldwell, West Caldwell, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Fairfield, North Caldwell, and Roseland are all located entirely in Horseneck, and parts of what are today Livingston, Montclair, and West Orange also were contained in the Horseneck Tract.[20]

After the Revolutionary War, the area of Horseneck was incorporated as "Caldwell Township" in honor of local war hero James Caldwell, a pastor who used pages from his church's bibles as wadding to ignite the ammo in soldiers' cannons and helped to drive the British out of Horseneck.[21]

The area of present-day Verona was part of what was known in the 1800s as Vernon Valley. The name was rejected when residents applied to the United States Postal Service, as the name had already been in use for an area in Sussex County. Verona was chosen as the alternative name for the community.[22]

At various times between 1798 and 1892, issues arose which caused dissatisfaction between the Caldwell and Verona areas. These included a desire of the citizens of Verona to more closely control their own governmental affairs. With the population growing, Verona needed to centrally locate essential services such as schools and places of worship; problems with the water supply; and the disposition of road repair funds. On February 17, 1892, the citizens of Verona voted to secede from Caldwell Township to form Verona Township.[23] Further growth and the need for a water system and other public utilities found Verona moving ahead of the other half of the township and in 1902 the two areas decided to separate into two separate municipalities: Verona Township and Verona Borough. It took two sessions of the state legislature to approve the new borough, but on April 18, 1907, the borough of Verona was approved by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature, pending the results of a referendum held on April 30, 1907, in which the new borough passed by a 224-77 margin.[23] Residents of the newly formed borough had sought to disassociate themselves from the Overbrook County Insane Asylum and the Newark City Home (a reform school), as well as from the settlement of Cedar Grove, which was considered a settlement of farmers.[24] On April 9, 1908, Verona Township changed its name to Cedar Grove Township.[23]

In 1982, the borough of Verona became a township to take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies.[25] As an example of the potential benefits of switching to a township, Verona Borough received $213,000 in federal aid in 1976, while similarly sized Cedar Grove Township received $1.24 million.[26] Today, Verona uses just "Township of Verona" in most official documents, but some other official documents such as purchase orders still include "Township of Borough of Verona".

Geography

Verona is located at 40°50′02″N 74°14′34″W / 40.834007°N 74.242877°W / 40.834007; -74.242877 (40.834007, −74.242877). According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 2.776 square miles (7.191 km2), of which, 2.755 square miles (7.137 km2) of it is land and 0.021 square miles (0.054 km2) of it (0.76%) is water.[1][2]

The township is bordered by Cedar Grove Township, Montclair Township, West Orange Township, Essex Fells and North Caldwell. Verona lies between two mountains, the First and Second Watchung Mountains with a small river, the Peckman, flowing at the bottom of the valley towards the Passaic River at Little Falls.[27]

Climate

Verona has a temperate climate, with warm/hot humid summers and cool/cold winters. The climate is slightly cooler overall during the summer than in New York City because there is no urban heat island effect.

January tends to be the coldest month, with average high temperatures in the upper 30s (Fahrenheit) and lows in the lower 20s. July is the warmest months with high temperatures in the mid 80s and lows in the mid 60s. From April to June and from September to early November, Verona enjoys temperatures from the lower 60s to upper 70s. Rainfall is plentiful, with around 44 inches (1,100 mm) a year. Snowfall is common from mid-January to early March and nor'easters can bring significant amounts of snow. In January 1996, a weather station in nearby Newark, New Jersey recorded over 31.8 inches (81 cm) of snow from the North American blizzard of 1996.[28]

Climate data for Verona
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 36
(2)		 40
(4)		 49
(9)		 60
(16)		 71
(22)		 79
(26)		 84
(29)		 82
(28)		 75
(24)		 64
(18)		 53
(12)		 41
(5)		 61.2
(16.3)
Average low °F (°C) 19
(−7)		 21
(−6)		 29
(−2)		 38
(3)		 48
(9)		 57
(14)		 62
(17)		 60
(16)		 52
(11)		 41
(5)		 33
(1)		 24
(−4)		 40.3
(4.8)
Precipitation inches (mm) 4.10
(104.1)		 3.05
(77.5)		 4.13
(104.9)		 4.60
(116.8)		 4.93
(125.2)		 4.48
(113.8)		 4.74
(120.4)		 4.39
(111.5)		 5.11
(129.8)		 4.02
(102.1)		 4.23
(107.4)		 4.12
(104.6)		 51.9
(1,318)
Source: [29]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19101,675
—
19203,03981.4%
19307,161135.6%
19408,95725.1%
195010,92121.9%
196013,78226.2%
197015,0679.3%
198014,166−6.0%
199013,597−4.0%
200013,533−0.5%
201013,332−1.5%
Est. 201213,391[11]0.4%
Population sources: 1910-1920[30]
1910[31] 1910-1930[32]
1930-1990[33] 2000[34][35] 2010[8][9][10]

2010 Census

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 13,332 people, 5,315 households, and 3,524 families residing in the township. The population density was 4,838.4 per square mile (1,868.1 /km2). There were 5,523 housing units at an average density of 2,004.4 per square mile (773.9 /km2). The racial makeup of the township was 91.24% (12,164) White, 1.97% (262) Black or African American, 0.03% (4) Native American, 4.03% (537) Asian, 0.01% (1) Pacific Islander, 1.11% (148) from other races, and 1.62% (216) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.96% (795) of the population.[8]

There were 5,315 households of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.7% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.12.[8]

In the township, 23.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.0 years. For every 100 females there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.[8]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $93,839 (with a margin of error of +/- $6,753) and the median family income was $126,000 (+/- $9,193). Males had a median income of $71,917 (+/- $9,659) versus $52,433 (+/- $5,765) for females. The per capita income for the township was $47,689 (+/- $3,282). About 1.8% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.7% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.[36]

2000 Census

As of the 2000 United States Census[15] there were 13,533 people, 5,585 households, and 3,697 families residing in the township. The population density was 4,917.4 people per square mile (1,900.0/km2). There were 5,719 housing units at an average density of 2,078.1 per square mile (803.0/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 92.99% White, 1.53% African American, 0.02% Native American, 3.41% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.71% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.45% of the population.[34][35]

There were 5,585 households out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.06.[34][35]

In the township the population was spread out with 22.5% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.[34][35]

The median income for a household in the township was $74,619, and the median income for a family was $97,673. Males had a median income of $60,434 versus $43,196 for females. The per capita income for the township was $41,202, making it the 8th highest community in Essex County and 95th highest in the State of New Jersey. About 1.4% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.6% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.[34][35]

Government

Local government

Verona operates under the Faulkner Act (Council-Manager) form of municipal government, and is governed by a five-member Township Council. Members are elected in nonpartisan elections to four-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election in odd-numbered years. At a reorganization held on July 1 after each election, the council selects a mayor and deputy mayor from among its members.[3]

As of 2013, the members of the Verona Township Council are Mayor Bob Manley (whose term of office ends June 30, 2017), Deputy Mayor Jay Sniatkowski (2017), Michael Nochimson (2015), Kevin Ryan (2017) and Frank Sapienza (2015). The day-to-day operations of the township are supervised by Township Manager Joseph Martin.[4]

Federal, state and county representation

Verona is located in the 11th Congressional District[37] and is part of New Jersey's 26th state legislative district.[9][38][39] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Verona had been in the 40th state legislative district.[40] Prior to the 2010 Census, Verona had been part of the 8th Congressional District, a change made by the New Jersey Redistricting Commission that took effect in January 2013, based on the results of the November 2012 general elections.[40]

New Jersey's Eleventh Congressional District is represented by Rodney Frelinghuysen (R, Harding Township).[41] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark; took office on October 31, 2013, after winning a special election to fill the seat of Frank Lautenberg)[42][43] and Bob Menendez (D, North Bergen).[44][45]

The 26th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Joseph Pennacchio (R, Montville) and in the General Assembly by Jay Webber (R, Morris Plains).[46] Republican Alex DeCroce, who had been the longest-serving member of the Assembly, died at the New Jersey State House on January 9, 2012, the day before he would have taken office for his next term.[47] On January 25, 2012, his widow, BettyLou DeCroce, was selected by the Morris County Republican Committee to replace him in the Assembly until a November 2012 special election is held.[48] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[49] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[50]

Essex County is governed by a directly-elected County Executive, with legislative functions performed by the Board of Chosen Freeholders.[51] As of 2013, the County Executive is Joseph N. DiVincenzo, Jr.[52] The county's Board of Chosen Freeholders consists of nine members, four elected on an at-large basis and one from each of five wards, who serve three-year terms of office on a concurrent basis, all of which end in 2014.[51][53][54] Essex County's Freeholders are Freeholder President Blonnie R. Watson (at large; Newark)[55], Freeholder Vice President Patricia Sebold (at large; Livingston)[56], Rufus I. Johnson (at large; Newark)[57], Gerald M. Owens (At large; South Orange, filling the vacant seat after the resignation of Donald Payne, Jr.)[58] Rolando Bobadilla (District 1 - Newark's North and East Wards, parts of Central and West Wards; Newark)[59], D. Bilal Beasley (District 2 - Irvington, Maplewood and Newark's South Ward and parts of West Ward; Irvington)[60], Carol Y. Clark (District 3 - East Orange, Newark's West and Central Wards, Orange and South Orange; East Orange)[61] and Leonard M. Luciano (District 4 - Caldwell, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Fairfield, Livingston, Millburn, North Caldwell, Roseland, Verona, West Caldwell and West Orange; West Caldwell),[62] and Brendan W. Gill (District 5 - Belleville, Bloomfield, Glen Ridge, Montclair and Nutley; Montclair).[63][64][65] Constitutional elected countywide are County Clerk Christopher J. Durkin (West Caldwell, 2015),[66] Sheriff Armando B. Fontoura (2015)[67] and Surrogate Thomas N. Stephen, II (2016).[68][53][69]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 9,911 registered voters in Verona, of which 3,194 (32.2%) were registered as Democrats, 2,329 (23.5%) were registered as Republicans and 4,387 (44.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were no voters registered to other parties.[70]

In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 49.6% of the vote here (3,730 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 48.8% (3,664 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (57 votes), among the 7,515 ballots cast by the township's 9,750 registered voters, for a turnout of 77.1%.[71] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 51.4% of the vote here (3,900 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 47.4% (3,597 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (67 votes), among the 7,587 ballots cast by the township's 9,697 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 78.2.[72]

In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 49.1% of the vote here (2,521 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 40.1% (2,062 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 9.4% (482 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (43 votes), among the 5,137 ballots cast by the township's 9,738 registered voters, yielding a 52.8% turnout.[73]

Education

Public schools

The Verona Public Schools is the public school district in Verona, which serves students in Kindergarten through twelfth grade. Schools in the district (with 2010-11 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[74]) are Brookdale Avenue School[75] (Grades K-4; 135 students), Frederic N. Brown School[76] (K-4; 250), Forest Avenue School[77] (K-4; 224), Laning Avenue School[78] (PreK-4; 302), Henry B. Whitehorne Middle School[79] (5-8; 635) and Verona High School[80] (9-12; 609).[81]

The high school mascot is the "Hillbilly". However, this mascot has become controversial as a result of opposition from previous school Superintendent Earl Kim.[82] In the face of community support for the traditional name, the mascot was retained.[82] The original mascot was depicted with a rifle and jug of moonshine. The rifle and jug and have been replaced with a fishing pole and a dog.

The district has been recognized on three occasions with the Best Practice Award, honoring specific practices implemented by a district for exemplary and/or innovative strategies. In addition, three schools in the district was named a "Star School" by the New Jersey Department of Education, the highest honor that a New Jersey school can achieve. The school was the 70th-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 328 schools statewide in New Jersey Monthly magazine's September 2012 cover story on the state's "Top Public High Schools", after being ranked 53rd in 2010 out of 322 schools listed.[83]

Private schools

Founded in 1924, Our Lady of the Lake Catholic School serves students in pre-school through eighth grade, and is situated near Verona Park, operating under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark.[84][85] The school was recognized by the Blue Ribbon Schools Program in 2011, one of 305 schools recognized nationwide and one of 14 selected from New Jersey.[86]

The Children's Institute (TCI) is a private, non-profit school approved by the New Jersey Department of Education, serving children facing learning, language and social challenges, for children ages 3–21. Dating back to an orphanage founded in 1883 in Newark, New Jersey, the school moved to Verona in 1999 after remodeling a building that had been donated by Hoffmann-LaRoche.[87]

Transportation

The last vestige of the Erie Railroad's Caldwell Branch, the Verona Freight station with the former right-of-way

Within the limits of the township lies Route 23 and CR 506 which runs directly through the township. CR 577 also runs through the southeastern portion of Verona. Other highways near Verona include the Garden State Parkway, Interstate 80, and the New Jersey Turnpike.

New Jersey Transit bus routes 11, 29 and 75 serve the township, providing service to and from Newark.[88] DeCamp Bus Lines also offers commuter service that goes into New York City: 33, West Caldwell / Port Authority Bus Terminal.

Train stations, also run by New Jersey Transit, are located in the neighboring towns of Little Falls and Montclair. Prior to 1966, the Erie Railroad's Caldwell Branch (a part of New York and Greenwood Lake Railway) ran passenger service through Verona from Great Notch. The line was removed in 1979 after a washout four years prior.[89] On July 14, 2010, the township of Verona announced that it was the honoring the old freight shed at the Verona station, which remains as the last standing structure of the railroad. The project of naming it a historic landmark in Verona, the first of many proposed by the Verona Landmarks Preservation Commission. Proposals include moving the structure to a more accessible place in Verona or turning the shed into a one-room museum.[90]

In the early 20th century, Verona was serviced by a trolley line which operated on Bloomfield Avenue. The tracks still lie underneath the roadway, and are visible when the roadway is under construction.

Verona is 14.3 miles (23.0 km) from Newark Liberty International Airport in Newark / Elizabeth, and almost twice as far from John F. Kennedy International Airport and LaGuardia Airport.

Local media

Newspaper

Verona is served by two weekly newspapers: The Verona-Cedar Grove Times[91] and the Verona Observer. The Star-Ledger, the largest newspaper in New Jersey, covers major news stories that occur in Verona.

Internet

Local news is covered by the Verona-Cedar Grove Times, www.myveronanj.com, www.verona.patch.com, and by the official township website.

Radio

Verona falls in the New York Market, as well as the Morristown Market.

Television

Verona Cable television is served by Comcast of New Jersey. However, in 2007, Verizon introduced its Verizon FiOS service to the township. Comcast Channel 35 & Verizon FiOS Channel 24 is Verona Television (VTV) a Government-access television (GATV) channel that runs council meetings, school board meetings and community functions, as well as any other Verona-related Public-access television videos submitted by the residents. VTV is maintained by the Verona Public Library.

Community services

  • The Verona Fire Department is one of the largest fully volunteer fire departments in Essex County, staffed by over 60 firefighters.[92] They have two stations, three engines, one ladder truck, one reserve engine, one brush truck, one utility truck, and two command vehicles. The Department, founded in 1909 shortly after Verona was created, celebrated its 100th year of service in 2009.[93]
  • The Verona Rescue Squad (volunteer) has three ambulances, one heavy rescue truck, and one command vehicle in one station on Church Street.[94]
  • The main street in Verona is Bloomfield Avenue, where the Town Hall, Library, Middle School, and many shops, restaurants, and businesses are located.
  • During the American Revolutionary War, George Washington and his troops used Eagle Rock Reservation as one of a chain of observation posts to monitor British troop movements.[95]
  • Annin & Co., is the world's oldest & largest flag manufacturer and has its main manufacturing plant in Verona. Annin & Company is the official flag manufacturer to the United Nations, and a major supplier to the United States Government. Annin produced flags that were used on Iwo Jima, planted on the surface of the Moon, at the North and South Poles, atop Mount Everest and the rubble of the World Trade Center.[96]
  • The Essex Mountain Sanatorium opened in 1902 as the Newark City Home for Girls. With tuberculosis spreading through Newark, the site was converted into a sanatorium in 1907, against the wishes of local residents. Its location at the highest point in Essex County was believed to be beneficial and the facility was known for its high recovery rate before it closed in 1977.[97]

Parks and recreation areas

The Verona Park Boathouse, viewed from the north-west shore of Verona Lake.
  • Eagle Rock Reservation, a 408.33 acres (1.6525 km2) forest reserve and recreational park. Most of this reservation is in West Orange or in Montclair.[98]
  • Everett Field, a small baseball and football park dedicated to the family who donated the land to the township.
  • Hilltop Reservation, opened in spring 2003, is composed of lands in the grounds of the former Essex Mountain Sanatorium, is home to many hiking and mountain biking trails.[99]
  • Kip's Castle Park, the newest park to the Essex County Park System, which features a start of the 20th century castle-style mansion with large carriage house on 10.5 acres (42,000 m2).[100]
  • Verona Park, the fifth-largest in the Essex County Park System, it was designed by the same designer as Central Park in New York City.[101]
  • Lenape Trail, a trail that runs from the Pulaski Skyway in Newark to the Passaic River in Roseland. The Verona section runs from the West Essex Trail, down and through Verona Park, and up toward Eagle Rock Reservation before entering West Orange.[102]
  • Verona Community Center, built in 1997, provides a gym, game room, ballroom, and conference room for any group or organization. also adjacent are:[103]
    • Veteran's Field, also known as Linn Drive Field, provides two softball/baseball fields as well as an athletic field
    • Centennial Field, an artificial turf field, opened in 2007.
  • Verona Pool, features an Olympic-Size swimming pool of various depths, with two water slides and two springboards, a well as a wading pool for younger children; playground, volleyball, basketball, raquetball, & Shuffleboard courts, in addition to ping-pong tables, full showers and a snackbar
  • West Essex Trail, acquired in 1985 through Green Acres funding, is a 2.84-mile (4.57 km) trail which runs from Arnold Way in Verona to the Passaic County line near the Lenape Trail, on the former right-of-way of the Caldwell Branch of the old Erie Lackawanna Railroad.[104]

Notable people

Notable current and former residents of Verona include:

Popular culture

  • The TV series The Sopranos was set in the area, thus the storyline often included scenes filmed in Verona. A Verona Rescue Squad Ambulance is seen when Livia Soprano dies in the episode "Proshai, Livushka", and Livia's house was set in Verona in the series pilot.[127] In the episode "Cold Cuts", it's established that Bobby Bacala and Janice live in Verona.
  • The 1987 horror movie Doom Asylum was filmed at the now demolished Essex Mountain Sanatorium.
  • Pizza My Heart, an ABC Family movie, is a contemporary retelling of Romeo and Juliet, that is set in Verona (New Jersey, not Italy). Although the storyline takes place in Verona, it was actually filmed in New Orleans, Louisiana.[128]
  • The original, unaired pilot of the television show Strangers With Candy, "Retardation: A Celebration", was filmed at Verona High School. The VHS signboard is also used in almost every episode thereafter to display various witticisms, although the name has been changed to that of the school in the show, Flatpoint High School.
  • Choke, the film adapted from the Chuck Palahniuk novel of the same name, was filmed at the Essex County Hospital Center in neighboring Cedar Grove.
  • Pearl the hairdresser in "The Saturdays" by Elizabeth Enright (1941) says she ran away from her abusive stepmother in Verona and went to New York City with her brother Perry.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 County Subdivisions: New Jersey - 2010 Census Gazetteer Files, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2013.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 2005 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2005, p. 169.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Government, Township of Verona. Accessed July 22, 2013.
  5. ↑ 2013 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed May 13, 2013. As of date accessed, Frank Sapienza is listed as mayor with a term-end date of June 30, 2015.
  6. ↑ 2013 Municipal Data Sheet, Township of Verona. Accessed August 20, 2013.
  7. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Township of Verona, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 14, 2013.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Verona township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 12. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Verona township, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 PEPANNRES - Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012 - 2012 Population Estimates for New Jersey municipalities, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 7, 2013.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  13. ↑ Look Up a ZIP Code for Verona, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed November 19, 2011.
  14. ↑ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed August 20, 2013.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  16. ↑ A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed September 6, 2012.
  17. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  18. ↑ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed September 6, 2012.
  19. ↑ Top Places to Live in New Jersey, New Jersey Monthly magazine, accessed February 21, 2008.
  20. ↑ Lefkowitz, Melanie. "Verona's Small-Town Roots Prove a Draw", The Wall Street Journal, November 19, 2011. "Verona, once part of a large town known as the Horseneck Tract that encompassed many of the now-adjacent communities, has been settled since the early 18th century."
  21. ↑ Caldwell New Jersey Historical Photographs and History, accessed October 15, 2006.
  22. ↑ Verona, History of New Jersey. Accessed November 19, 2011. "By the mid-nineteenth century, this area became known as Vernon Valley. However, when application was made for a United States Post Office, the townspeople were informed that another Vernon Valley, in Sussex County, had first claim to the name. The name Verona was put forth by the townspeople as a suitable replacement and was eventually accepted."
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 194. Accessed April 23, 2012.
  24. ↑ Staff. "VERONA DROPS CEDAR GROVE.; Votes Herself Separate Borough at a Special Election.", The New York Times, May 2, 1907. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  25. ↑ New Jersey State Commission on County and Municipal Government, Modern Forms of Municipal Government, 1992, Chapter VI: Municipal Names and Municipal Classification
  26. ↑ "Opponent of Distribution Formula For Federal Aid Steps Up Attack; As South Orange Moves to Become Township, Montclair Aide Calls for Equitable Sharing", The New York Times August 29, 1977. p. 59.
  27. ↑ Williams, Robert L. Images of America: Old Verona, p. 7. Arcadia Publishing, 1998. ISBN 0-7385-4922-3. Accessed May 1, 2012.
  28. ↑ Historical Weather data, Weather Underground (weather service)
  29. ↑ "Average weather for Verona, New Jersey". Weather.com. Retrieved December 20, 2008. 
  30. ↑ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  31. ↑ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 336. Accessed September 6, 2012.
  32. ↑ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 716. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  33. ↑ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 2, 2009. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Verona township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Verona township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 6, 2012.
  36. ↑ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Verona township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 28, 2012.
  37. ↑ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  38. ↑ 2012 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 65, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  39. ↑ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 2011 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 65, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  41. ↑ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 5, 2012.
  42. ↑ Cory A. Booker, United States Senate. Accessed November 5, 2013.
  43. ↑ via Associated Press. "Booker is officially a U.S. senator after being sworn in", NJ.com, October 31, 2013. Accessed October 31, 2013. "Former Newark Mayor Cory Booker was sworn in as a Democratic senator from New Jersey today, taking the oath of office, exchanging hugs with Vice President Joe Biden and acknowledging the applause of friends and family members seated in the visitor's gallery that rings the chamber.... Booker, 44, was elected to fill out the term of the late Sen. Frank Lautenberg, who died earlier this year."
  44. ↑ Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate. Accessed November 5, 2013. "He currently lives in North Bergen and has two children, Alicia and Robert."
  45. ↑ Senators of the 113th Congress from New Jersey, United States Senate. Accessed November 5, 2013.
  46. ↑ Legislative Roster 2012-2013 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 11, 2012.
  47. ↑ Wright, Peggy. "Alex DeCroce Morris stalwart passes away", Daily Record (Morristown), January 11, 2012. Accessed January 11, 2012.
  48. ↑ Dan Goldberg (2012-01-26). "BettyLou DeCroce to assume N.J. Assembly seat, succeed husband in 2 weeks". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved 2012-01-26. 
  49. ↑ "About the Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21. 
  50. ↑ "About the Lieutenant Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 General Information, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013. "The Board of Chosen Freeholders consists of nine members, five of whom are elected from districts and four of whom are elected at-large. They are elected for three-year concurrent terms and may be re-elected to successive terms at the annual election in November."
  52. ↑ Essex County Executive, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Essex County Elected Officials, Essex County Clerk, as of February 2012. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  54. ↑ Definition of a Freeholder, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  55. ↑ Blonnie R. Watson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  56. ↑ Patricia Sebold, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  57. ↑ Rufus I. Johnson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  58. ↑ Lee, Eunice. "Labor leader from South Orange tapped as new Essex County freeholder", The Star-Ledger, December 19, 2012. Accessed January 9, 2013. "A longtime labor union leader from South Orange was sworn in this afternoon as the newest Essex County freeholder.Gerald Owens, 74, is a general organizer for the International Longshoremen's Association.... Owens is filling the seat vacated by former at-large freeholder Donald Payne Jr., who stepped down from the post last month after securing the 10th Congressional District seat left open by his late father."
  59. ↑ Rolando Bobadilla, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  60. ↑ D. Bilal Beasley, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  61. ↑ Carol Y. Clark, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  62. ↑ Leonard M. Luciano, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  63. ↑ Brendan W. Gill, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  64. ↑ The Board of Chosen Freeholders, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  65. ↑ Breakdown of Freeholder Districts, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  66. ↑ About Christopher J. Durkin, Essex County Clerk. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  67. ↑ Armando B. Fontoura - Essex County Sheriff, Essex County Sheriff's Office. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  68. ↑ Office of Surrogate, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  69. ↑ County Directory, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 9, 2013.
  70. ↑ Voter Registration Summary - Essex, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  71. ↑ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  72. ↑ 2004 Presidential Election: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  73. ↑ 2009 Governor: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  74. ↑ School Data for the Verona Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  75. ↑ Brookdale Avenue School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  76. ↑ Frederic N. Brown School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  77. ↑ Forest Avenue School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  78. ↑ Laning Avenue School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  79. ↑ Henry B. Whitehorne Middle School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  80. ↑ Verona High School, Verona Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  81. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the Verona Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 Starnes, Joe Samuel. "Smile When You Say That", The New York Times, March 19, 2006. Accessed April 14, 2008.
  83. ↑ Staff. "The Top New Jersey High Schools: Alphabetical", New Jersey Monthly, August 16, 2012. Accessed September 6, 2012.
  84. ↑ About Us: Our History, Our Lady of the Lake Catholic School. Accessed August 11, 2013.
  85. ↑ Essex County Elementary Schools, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  86. ↑ Gray, Mollie. "Our Lady of the Lake named 'National Blue Ribbon School'", Verona-Cedar Grove Times, September 22, 2011. Accessed April 23, 2012. "Our Lady of the Lake is one of 14 schools in New Jersey and 305 in the nation to receive the 'National Blue Ribbon' recognition."
  87. ↑ Mission and History, The Children's Institute. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  88. ↑ Essex County Rail/Bus Connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  89. ↑ "Old Caldwell Branch at End of the Line", The New York Times, June 10, 1979, p. NJ 25. Accessed October 10, 2009.
  90. ↑ Corbett, Nic (July 14, 2010). "Verona Honors History of Forgotten Railroad". The Star-Ledger (Gannett Newspapers). Retrieved July 21, 2010. 
  91. ↑ Verona-Cedar Grove Times
  92. ↑ About Us, Verona Fire Department. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  93. ↑ History, Verona Fire Department. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  94. ↑ Home page, Verona Rescue Squad. Accessed November 19, 2011.
  95. ↑ Emblen, Frank. "NEW JERSEY GUIDE", The New York Times, July 12, 1987. Accessed April 23, 2012. "The view of New York from the cliff in Eagle Rock Reservation is really spectacular, and it has historical significance: George Washington's hawk-eyed scouts used it to keep the Redcoats in New York from sneaking across the Hudson and surprising the Continental Army."
  96. ↑ About Annin - History, Annin & Co.. Accessed December 28, 2006.
  97. ↑ History, Essex Mountain Sanatorium. Accessed August 21, 2011.
  98. ↑ Eagle Rock Reservation, Essex County Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Affairs. Accessed November 19, 2011.
  99. ↑ Hilltop Reservation, Essex County Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Affairs. Accessed November 19, 2011.
  100. ↑ Kip's Castle Park, Essex County Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Affairs. Accessed November 19, 2011.
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  102. ↑ Lenape Trail, New York – New Jersey Trail Conference. Accessed November 19, 2011.
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  104. ↑ West Essex Trail, Essex County Department of Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Affairs. Accessed August 20, 2013.
  105. ↑ "Former Devil coaches son at high school", Verona-Cedar Grove Times, January 18, 2007. p. B1.
  106. ↑ John Bogle, American National Business Hall of Fame. Accessed September 6, 2012. "John C. 'Jack' Bogle and his twin brother, David, were born on May 8, 1929. The family at that time lived in the fashionable bedroom community of Verona, New Jersey."
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  108. ↑ Rothstein, Betsy. "Ernestine Bradley finds 'home' amid husband's career", Capital Living, April 5, 2005, backed up by the Internet Archive as of November 13, 2006. Accessed November 6, 2012. "Ernestine Bradley, wife of former Sen. Bill Bradley (D-N.J.), packed her bags for good in January 1997 and left Washington, D.C., for Verona — not Italy but, rather, New Jersey."
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  112. ↑ Anthony Fasano profile, National Football League Players Association. Accessed July 24, 2007. "Hometown: Verona, N.J.... Anthony Joseph Fasano was a four-year letterman and two-year captain at Verona, N.J., High School as a tight end and defensive lineman. He helped led the team to the New Jersey state title among Group 1 schools and threw the game-winning PAT pass in the 2001 title game."
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Neighboring municipalities
North Caldwell Cedar Grove Township
Caldwell Montclair Township
   Verona  
Essex Fells West Orange Township
Municipalities and communities of Essex County, New Jersey, United States
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