Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 115 (2010)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Brazil (Rondônia) | |
| Languages | |
| Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau language[2] | |
| Religion | |
| Animism |
The Uru-Eu-Uaw-Uaw are an indigenous people of Brazil, living in the state of Rondônia.
They live in six villages on the borders of Terra Indigena Uru-Eu-Uaw-Uaw, which is shared by three sub-groups, the Amondawa, Jupaú, and Uru Pa In, as well as the Jurureí, Parakua, and two uncontacted tribes whose names are not known.[3]
Name
They are also known as the Amondauas, Bocas-negras, Bocas-pretas, Cabeça-vermelha, Cautários, Sotérios, Urupain,[1] as well as Jupaú, Black-Mouths, Red-Heads, Urueu-Wau-Wau.[4]
History
The Uru-Eu-Uaw-Uaw came into contact with non-Natives, specifically the National Indian Foundation (FUNAI) in 1981,[4] which was followed by a loss of population. In 1981, there were 250 Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau people, but only 89 in 1993. Diseases and violent attacks by outsiders have killed them. Rubber harvesters fought FUNAI's outlines of Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau lands. In 1991, one of the world's largest known tin deposits was discovered in Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau lands.[4]
After 1993 their population began increasing again.[3] The Terra Indigena Uru-Eu-Uaw-Uaw was established by the Brazilian government to protect the tribes and only Indians can legally live in the Indigenous Territory; however, loggers and miners have regularly invaded their lands.[5] Missionaries are active among the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau, and an NGO called Kanindé is trying to fight outside influences and assimilationists on the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau.[4]
Language
The Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau speak the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau language, a Tupi–Guarani language, Subgroup IV.[4] The language is also known as Uru-Eu-Uau-Uau, Eru-Eu-Wau-Wau, Ureuwawau, or Kagwahiva, and its ISO 639-3 language code is "urz".[2]
Culture
The Uru-Eu-Uaw-Uaw are hunter-gatherers. They use a poison made from tree bark on their arrows when hunting tapir and other game. They are known for their distinctive tattoos around their mouths made from genipapo, a black vegetal dye.[5]
See also
- Friends of Peoples Close to Nature, an NGO human rights organization that has worked with the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau
- Ten Thousand Years Older, 2002 documentary film about the tribes
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau: Introduction." Povos Indígenas no Brasil. (retrieved 26 April 2011)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau." Ethnologue. (retrieved 26 April 2011)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau: Identification and Demography." Povos Indígenas no Brasil. (retrieved 26 April 2011)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Urueu-Wau-Wau." World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples. (retrieved 22 May 2011)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Massive Invasion of Isolated Indians' Land." Survival International. 12 Jan 2007 (retrieved 26 April 2011)
External links
- "Preserving Tradition with Modern Tools", USAID
- Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau artwork, National Museum of the American Indian