United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2014

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United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2014
Michigan
2012 ←
 November 4, 2014 (2014-11-04)
 → 2016
All 14 Michigan seats to the United States House of Representatives
 
Party Republican Democratic
Last election 9 5
Elections in Michigan
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The 2014 U.S. House of Representatives elections in Michigan will be held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, to elect 14 members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan. The elections will coincide with the election of Michigan's governor, as well as the Class 2 U.S. Senate Seat. Primary elections to determine major-party nominees for the general election will be held Tuesday, August 5, 2014, and the partisan filing deadline is Tuesday, April 22, 2014.[1] The members-elect of Congress elected at this election will serve in the 114th Congress. According to the Rothenberg Political Report, all the Michigan congressional seats except for the 1st, 7th, and 11th districts are considered safe for the party of the incumbent.[2]

District 1

See also: Michigan's 1st congressional district

Incumbent Dan Benishek was re-elected in 2012 with 48.14% of the total votes cast, defeating Democratic former State Representative Gary McDowell by less than 2,000 votes in a field where two third-party candidates received a combined 4.3 percent of the vote.[3] As of September 30, 2013, Benishek had raised $676,545.98, and has $500,163.86 cash on-hand toward a presumed re-election bid.[4] Iron Mountain businessman and 2012 Republican National Convention delegate Alan Arcand has announced his intention to challenge Benishek in the republican primary.[5] Former Kalkaska County Sheriff Jerry Cannon has been recruited by Michigan Democratic Party Chairman Lon Johnson to challenge Benishek in the general election.[6] The Rothenberg Political Report rates this race as "Toss-up/Tilt Republican."[2]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared
  • Alan Arcand, businessman, 2012 RNC Delegate, and U. S. Air Force Veteran[5]
  • Dan Benishek, incumbent[7]

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 2

See also: Michigan's 2nd congressional district

Incumbent Bill Huizenga was re-elected in 2012 with 61.16% of the total votes cast.[11] As of September 30, 2013, Huizenga had raised $537,109.30 for the 2014 election cycle, and has $402,388.39 cash on-hand available toward a presumed re-election bid.[12]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 3

See also: Michigan's 3rd congressional district

Incumbent Justin Amash was re-elected in 2012 with 52.62% of the total votes cast.[14] As of September 30, 2013, Amash had raised $555,863.56 for the 2014 election cycle, and has $313,844.71 cash on-hand available toward a presumed re-election bid.[15] In September 2013, Amash ended months of speculation regarding whether he would run for the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by Carl Levin, and chose to stand for re-election to his house seat.[16] Amash faces a Republican primary challenge from investment manager Brian Ellis.[17] State Senator Mark Jansen could also run in the GOP primary.[18]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared
Potential

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared
  • Richard A. Abbott[21]

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 4

See also: Michigan's 4th congressional district

Incumbent Dave Camp was re-elected in 2012 with 63.07% of the total votes cast.[22] As of September 30, 2013, Camp has raised $1,607,226.02 for the 2014 election cycle, and has $3,198,099.13 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[23] In July 2013, Camp announced he was considering seeking the GOP Senate nomination in 2014 to replace the retiring incumbent Senator Carl Levin,[24] but then the following month announced that he will not do so.[25] Camp is being challenged in the Republican primary by businessman Peter Konetchy.[26]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 5

See also: Michigan's 5th congressional district

Incumbent freshman Dan Kildee was elected in 2012 with 64.98% of the total votes cast[29] As of September 30, 2013, Kildee has raised $243,246.99 for the 2014 election cycle, and has $210,492.27 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[30]

Republican primary

Candidates

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 6

See also: Michigan's 6th congressional district

Incumbent Fred Upton was re-elected in 2012 with 54.59% of the total votes cast.[32] As of September 30, 2013, Upton has raised $1,205,296.00 for the 2014 election cycle, and has $893,110.90 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[33] Upton is being challenged for the Republican primary nomination by registered nurse Jim Bussler.[34] Paul Clements, a professor at Western Michigan University, is running for the Democratic nomination.[35]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 7

See also: Michigan's 7th congressional district

Incumbent Tim Walberg was re-elected in 2012 with 53.34% of the total votes cast.[39] As of September 30, 2013, Walberg had raised $482,372.42, and has $570,160.47 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[40] Attorney and former State Representative Pam Byrnes has been recruited by Michigan Democratic Party Chairman Lon Johnson to challenge Walberg.[6][41][42] The Rothenberg Political Report rates this race as "Republican Favored."[2]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Margin of
error		 Pam
Byrnes		 Tim
Walburg		 Undecided
DCCC October 5, 2013 448 ± 4.6% 42% 43% 15%

District 8

See also: Michigan's 8th congressional district

Incumbent Mike Rogers was re-elected in 2012 with 58.60% of the total votes cast.[45] As of September 30, 2013, Rogers had raised $869,321.02, and has $1,819,857.21 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[46] Rogers was originally considering a potential run at the vacant Senate seat,[47] but ultimately declined.[48]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 9

See also: Michigan's 9th congressional district

Incumbent Sander Levin was re-elected in 2012 with 61.91% of the total votes cast.[50] As of September 30, 2013, Levin had raised $620,167.36, and has $347,066.37 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[51]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 10

See also: Michigan's 10th congressional district

Incumbent Candice Miller was re-elected in 2012 with 68.80% of the total votes cast.[55] As of September 30, 2013, Miller had raised $395,759.26, and has $995,281.27 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[56] Miller declined an opportunity to contend for the U. S. Senate vacancy created by Carl Levin's retirement, declaring her intention to seek re-election instead.[57]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 11

See also: Michigan's 11th congressional district

Incumbent freshman Kerry Bentivolio was elected in 2012 with 50.76% of the total votes cast.[60] As of September 30, 2013, he had raised $165,479.93, and has $38,677.61 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[61] Foreclosure attorney David Trott, a major campaign donor for Mitt Romney's 2012 Presidential Campaign in Michigan and a close-friend to Oakland County Executive L. Brooks Patterson is challenging Bentivolio in the Republican primary.[62] As of September 30, 2013, Trott had raised $647,719.32, and has $452,421.31 cash on-hand available for his primary challenge.[63]

Bobby McKenzie, who worked for the United States Department of State as a counter-terrorism specialist, will run for the Democratic Party nomination.[64][65] Democrat Jocelyn Benson, the Dean of Wayne State University Law School, was considering running for the seat[66] but declined to do so in the wake of the murder of a student at Wayne State University.[67] Michigan Democratic Party Chairman Lon Johnson said the party will field a top caliber opponent against the Republican nominee.[6]

The Rothenberg Political Report has rated this race "Republican Favored."[2]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Margin of
error		 Kerry
Bentivolio		 David
Trott		 Undecided
Murray Communications September 10, 2013 717 ± 3.66% 59.55% 40.45% 0%

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared
  • Anil Kumar[71]
  • Bobby McKenzie, counter-terrorism specialist[64][65]
Declined

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 12

See also: Michigan's 12th congressional district

Incumbent John Dingell was re-elected in 2012 with 67.94% of the total votes cast.[73] As of September 30, 2013, he had raised $299,148.00, and has $337,402.23 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[74]

Republican primary

Candidates

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 13

See also: Michigan's 13th congressional district

Incumbent John Conyers was re-elected in 2012 with 82.79% of the total votes cast.[76] As of September 30, 2013, he had raised $266,996.51, and has $132,515.29 cash on-hand available for a presumed re-election bid.[77]

Republican primary

Candidates

Polling

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

Polling

General election

Candidates

Polling

District 14

See also: Michigan's 14th congressional district

Incumbent Gary Peters was re-elected in 2012 with 82.26% of the total votes cast.[79] Peters is not running for re-election, he is instead running for the United States Senate seat being vacated by retiring Democrat Carl Levin in 2014.[80]

To date, the only Republican contender for this seat is Allan Levene, a Kennesaw, Georgia, resident who is simultaneously contending for the Republican nomination in four congressional districts in four separate states.[81]

Republican primary

Candidates

Declared

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared
Potential

Polling

Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Margin of
error		 Godfrey
Dillard		 Vince
Gregrory		 Rudy
Hobbs		 Bert
Johnson		 Brenda
Lawrence		 LaMar
Lemmons		 Jessica
McCall		 Undecided
Lake Research Partners November 14–18, 2013 406 ± 4.9% 0% 1% 6% 5% 37% 3% 0% 46%

General election


See also

References

  1. ↑ "Public Act 276 of 2012". Michigan Legislative Website. June 27, 2012 (signed into law). Retrieved November 27, 2012. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "House Ratings". Retrieved October 21, 2013. 
  3. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 1st District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  4. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Benishek for Congress, Inc.". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Younk, Nikki (January 14, 2014). "Iron County man announces bid for First Congressional District seat". Iron Mountain Daily News. Retrieved January 15, 2014. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Dickerson, Brian (August 9, 2013). "Brian Dickerson: Can mainstream GOP warm to Michigan's accidental congressman?". Detroit Free Press. 
  7. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Benishek for Congress Inc.". Federal Election Commission. January 7, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  8. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Cannon for Congress". Federal Election Commission. August 6, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  9. ↑ Klug, Fritz (August 6, 2013). "Retired general, Gitmo commander Jerry Cannon to challenge Dan Benishek for U.S. House seat in 2014". MLive Media Group. Retrieved December 3, 2013. 
  10. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Committee to Elect Kevin Glover". Federal Election Commission. January 7, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  11. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 2nd District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  12. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Huizenga for Congress, Inc.". Federal Election Commission. October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  13. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Huizenga for Congress, Inc.". Federal Election Commission. April 19, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  14. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 3rd District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  15. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Amash for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 McMillin, Zane (September 17, 2013). "Rep. Justin Amash nixes 2014 Senate run". Grand Rapids Press. Retrieved September 19, 2013. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Krietz, Andrew (October 8, 2013). "West Michigan businessman Brian Ellis announces run against Rep. Justin Amash". Grand Rapids Press. Retrieved October 8, 2013. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Rucker, Philip (October 8, 2013). "Some tea party congressmen find signs of political backlash at home". Washington Post. Retrieved October 6, 2013. 
  19. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Amash for Congress". Federal Election Commission. January 10, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  20. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Brian Ellis for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 22, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  21. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Richard Abbott for Congress". Federal Election Commission. November 16, 2012. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  22. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 4th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  23. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Dave Camp for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  24. ↑ John Breshnahan and Jake Sherman (July 30, 2013). "Dave Camp weighing Michigan Senate bid". Politico. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  25. ↑ Klug, Fritz (August 16, 2013). "Dave Camp will not run for U.S. Senate". Bay City Times. Retrieved August 16, 2013. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Tower, Mark (July 23, 2013). "Roscommon Republican Peter Konetchy to challenge Dave Camp for Michigan congressional seat". Saginaw News. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  27. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Dave Camp for Congress". Federal Election Commission. November 26, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  28. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Peter Konetchy for Congress". Federal Election Commission. July 22, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  29. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 5th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  30. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Friends of Dan Kildee". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  31. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Friends of Dan Kildee". Federal Election Commission. May 29, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  32. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 6th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  33. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Upton For All of Us". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Zipp, Yvonne (September 17, 2013). "Dowagiac's Jim Bussler to challenge U.S. Rep. Fred Upton in Republican Primary". Kalamazoo Gazette. Retrieved October 11, 2013. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Zipp, Yvonne (March 21, 2013). "Western Michigan University professor Paul Clements to seek Democratic nomination for Congress in 2014". Kalamazoo Gazette. Retrieved October 3, 2013. 
  36. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Committee to Elect Jim Bussler". Federal Election Commission. August 12, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  37. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Upton For All of Us". Federal Election Commission. November 7, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  38. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Committee to Elect Paul Clements". Federal Election Commission. January 9, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  39. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 7th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  40. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Walberg for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Stanton, Ryan J. (July 18, 2013). "Pam Byrnes announces she will run against Tim Walberg for Congress". Ann Arbor News. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Abby Livingston (July 18, 2013). "House Democrats Land Michigan Recruit #MI07". RollCall.com. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  43. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Walberg for Congress". Federal Election Commission. May 30, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  44. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Pam Byrnes for Congress". Federal Election Commission. July 18, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  45. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 8th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  46. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Rogers For Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  47. ↑ Cassata, Donna (May 22, 2013). "Mike Rogers, Michigan Republican Congressman, Mulls Senate Bid". Huffington Post. Retrieved May 24, 2013. 
  48. ↑ Spangler, Todd (June 14, 2013). "U.S. Rep. Mike Rogers won't run for Senate seat". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  49. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Rogers For Congress". Federal Election Commission. May 16, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  50. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 9th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  51. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Levin For Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  52. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Committee to Elect George Brikho". Federal Election Commission. April 9, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  53. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Dildilian for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 17, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  54. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Levin For Congress". Federal Election Commission. January 23, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  55. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 10th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  56. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Candice Miller for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 Spangler, Todd (March 8, 2013). "U.S. Rep. Candice Miller says she will not seek Levin's seat". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  58. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Candice Miller for Congress". Federal Election Commission. January 15, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  59. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Committee to Elect Don Volaric". Federal Election Commission. July 12, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  60. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 11th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2013. 
  61. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Bentivolio for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Schultz, Marissa (September 4, 2013). "Oakland County lawyer, fundraiser launches bid to unseat Bentivolio". Detroit News. Retrieved September 4, 2013. 
  63. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Trott for Congress, Inc.". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 Egan, Paul (October 24, 2013). "Ex-State Department official Bobby McKenzie seeks to unseat Kerry Bentivolio". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 Heinlein, Gary (October 24, 2013). "Counter-terrorism expert seeks Rep. Bentivolio's seat". Detroit News. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  66. ↑ Livingston, Abby (October 16, 2013). "Democrats Recruiting Challenger to Bentivolio in Michigan". Roll Call. Retrieved October 16, 2013. 
  67. ↑ Livingston, Abby (December 3, 2013). "Democrats Lose Top Recruit to Challenge Bentivolio (Updated)". Roll Call. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  68. ↑ Aisner, Ari (October 24, 2013). "Birmingham's David Wolkinson Joins Bentivolio Re-Election Campaign". Birmingham Patch. Retrieved December 2, 2013. 
  69. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Bentivolio for Congress". Federal Election Commission. April 16, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  70. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Trott for Congress, Inc.". Federal Election Commission. September 5, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  71. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Kumar for Congress". Federal Election Commission. September 5, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  72. ↑ Shepardson, David (December 3, 2013). "WSU law school dean Benson will not run for Congress". Detroit News. Retrieved December 3, 2013. 
  73. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 12th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  74. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for John D. Dingell for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  75. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for John D. Dingell for Congress". Federal Election Commission. April 16, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  76. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 13th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  77. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 3 for Conyers for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 15, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  78. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Conyers for Congress". Federal Election Commission. December 13, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  79. ↑ "2012 Official Michigan General Election Results: 14th District Representative in Congress". January 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013. 
  80. ↑ Spangler, Todd (May 1, 2013). "Congressman Gary Peters to run for retiring Sen. Carl Levin's seat in 2014". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved May 24, 2013. 
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 Galloway, Jim (November 6, 2013). "Running for Congress, in Georgia and three other states – at the same time". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved November 21, 2013. 
  82. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Exploratory Committee of Dunwoody for Congress". Federal Election Commission. August 22, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  83. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 1 for Garrett for Congress". Federal Election Commission. June 10, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 84.2 Livingston, Abby (May 2, 2013). "Detroit Democrats Expected to Flood Peters House Seat #MI14: The Field". Roll Call. Retrieved May 24, 2013. 
  85. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Vincent Gregory for Congress". Federal Election Commission. October 17, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013. 
  86. ↑ Spangler, Todd (May 15, 2013). "Southfield State Rep. Rudy Hobbs to run for Peters' congressional seat". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved May 24, 2013. 
  87. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Rudy Hobbs for Congress". Federal Election Commission. May 15, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  88. ↑ http://www.freep.com/article/20140128/NEWS/301280097/brenda-lawrence-congress-southfield-mayor
  89. ↑ "Southfield Mayor: Detroit, don't drop dead". Detroit News. January 23, 2014. Retrieved January 24, 2014. 
  90. ↑ "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Jessica McCall for Congress". Federal Election Commission. September 18, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013. 
  91. ↑ http://www.freep.com/article/20140128/NEWS/301280097/brenda-lawrence-congress-southfield-mayor

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