United States House of Representatives elections, 1836

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1836
United States
1834 ←
 July 4, 1836 - November 7, 1837
 → 1838
All 242 seats to the United States House of Representatives
122 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader James K. Polk John Bell
Party Democratic Whig
Leader's seat Tennessee-9th Tennessee-7th
Last election 143 seats 76 seats
Seats won 127 102
Seat change Decrease 16 Increase 26
  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Thomas Henry John K. Griffin
Party Anti-Masonic Nullifier
Leader's seat Pennsylvania-22nd South Carolina-9th
Last election 16 seats 7 seats
Seats won 7 6
Seat change Decrease 9 Decrease 1
Speaker before election

James K. Polk
Democratic

 Elected Speaker

James K. Polk
Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 25th Congress were held in 1836 and 1837.

Although Democrat Martin Van Buren was elected president, the Democrats continued to lose seats in the House. The Whigs played off the unpopularity of Jackson's refusal to compromise with Congress or cooperate with the Supreme Court, as well as the continuing decline of the single-issue Anti-Masonic (based on the distrust of Freemasonry) and Nullifier (based on the principle of states' rights) parties. Despite Whig gains, the Democrats held on to a majority.

Election summaries

↓
127 6 7 102
Democratic N AM Whig
State Type Date Total
seats		 Democratic[1] Whig[2] Anti-Masonic Nullifier
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Delaware At-large November 8, 1836 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Georgia At-large October 3, 1836 9 8 Decrease1 1 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Illinois District (3) August 1, 1836 3 3 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Louisiana District (3) July 4–6, 1836 3 1 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Maine District (8) September 12, 1836 8 6 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Massachusetts District (12) November 14, 1836 12 2 Increase1 10 Increase2 0 Decrease3 0 Steady
Missouri At-large August 1, 1836 2 2 Increase1 0 Decrease1 0 Steady 0 Steady
New Jersey At-large November 16, 1836 6 0 Decrease6 6 Increase6 0 Steady 0 Steady
New York District (33[3]) November 7–9, 1836 40 30 Decrease1 10 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Ohio District (19) October 11, 1836 19 8 Decrease1 11 Increase2 0 Decrease1 0 Steady
Pennsylvania District (25[4]) October 11, 1836 28 17 Steady 4 Increase1 7 Decrease1 0 Steady
South Carolina District (9) October 10–11, 1836 9 2 Increase1 1 Decrease1 0 Steady 6 Steady
Vermont District (5) September 6, 1836 5 1 Increase1 4 Increase1 0 Decrease2 0 Steady
1837 elections
Alabama District (5) August 8, 1837 5 3 Steady 2 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Decrease1
Arkansas At-large October 2, 1837 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Connecticut District[5] (6) April 3, 1837 6 6 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Indiana District (7) August 7, 1837 7 1 Decrease5 6 Increase5 0 Steady 0 Steady
Kentucky District (13) August 7, 1837 13 1 Decrease3 12 Increase3 0 Steady 0 Steady
Maryland District (7[6]) July 26, 1837 8 4 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Michigan At-large August 22, 1837 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi At-large July 17–18, 1837[7]
November 6–7, 1837[8]		 2 2[9] Increase1 0[10] Decrease1 0 Steady 0 Steady
New Hampshire At-large March 14, 1837 5 5 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
North Carolina District (13) August 10, 1837 13 5 Decrease2 8 Increase2 0 Steady 0 Steady
Rhode Island At-large August 29, 1837 2 0 Steady 2 Increase2 0 Decrease2 0 Steady
Tennessee District (13) August 3, 1837 13 3 Decrease1 10 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Virginia District (21) April 27, 1837 21 15 Decrease1 6 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Steady
Total 242 127
52.5%		 Decrease16 102
42.1%		 Increase26 7
2.9%		 Decrease9 6
2.5%		 Decrease1
House seats
Democratic
  
 52.48%
Whig
  
 42.15%
Anti-Masonic
  
 2.89%
Nullifier
  
 2.48%

The 1st session of the 25th Congress began on September 4, 1837, before Arkansas' and Mississippi's Congressional elections. In Mississippi, the governor issued writs for a special election for July 17–18. Initially, the Elections Committee accepted the winners of that election, John F. H. Claiborne (D) and Samuel J. Gholson (D) as holding their seats for the entirety of the 25th Congress. However, the regular November election was also held, and elected Sergeant S. Prentiss (W) and Thomas J. Word (W), and on February 5, 1838, the earlier decision was rescinded, and the winners of the November election were seated in the place of the July winners.

House composition

End of the previous Congress

AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
J J
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
AJ V N N N N N N N J J J J J J J J J J J
AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ
AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ
AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ
AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ AJ

Beginning of the next Congress

AM AM AM AM AM AM AM D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D N N N N N N W
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
Key:
AJ = Anti-Jacksonian
AM = Anti-Masonic
D = Democratic
J = Jacksonian
N = Nullifier
W = Whig
V = Vacant

Complete returns

Pennsylvania

District Incumbent Party First
elected		 Result Candidates[11][12]
Pennsylvania 1 Joel B. Sutherland Jacksonian 1826 Lost re-election
Democratic hold		 Lemuel Paynter (D) 55.3%
Joel B. Sutherland (W[13]) 44.7%
Pennsylvania 2
Plural district with 2 seats		 Joseph R. Ingersoll Anti-Jacksonian 1834 Retired
Whig hold		 John Sergeant (W) 63.1%
George W. Toland (W) 63.0%
Read Longstreth (D) 37.7%
John M. Morris (D) 36.3%
James Harper Anti-Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Whig hold
Pennsylvania 3 Michael W. Ash Jacksonian 1834 Retired
Democratic hold		 Francis J. Harper (D) 50.5%
Charles Naylor[14] (W) 49.5%
Pennsylvania 4
Plural district with 3 seats		 William Hiester Anti-Masonic 1830 Retired
Anti-Masonic hold		 David Potts, Jr. (AM[15]) 53.8%
Edward Darlington (AM[15]) 53.6%
Edward Davies (AM[15]) 53.6%
Samuel Leiper (D) 46.4%
John K. Findley (D) 46.3%
John W. Cunningham (D) 46.3%
Edward Darlington Anti-Masonic 1832 Re-elected
David Potts, Jr. Anti-Masonic 1830 Re-elected
Pennsylvania 5 Jacob Fry, Jr. Jacksonian 1834 Re-elected Jacob Fry, Jr. (D) 61.9%
Daniel M. Mulvaney (W) 38.1%
Pennsylvania 6 Mathias Morris Anti-Jacksonian 1834 Re-elected Mathias Morris (W) 51.4%
John Rockman (D) 48.6%
Pennsylvania 7 David D. Wagener Jacksonian 1832 Re-elected David D. Wagener (D) 73.7%
Jacob Weygandt (W) 26.3%
Pennsylvania 8 Edward B. Hubley Jacksonian 1834 Re-elected Edward B. Hubley (D) 54.2%
William Audenried (AM) 45.8%
Pennsylvania 9 Henry A. P. Muhlenberg Jacksonian 1828 Re-elected Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (D) 57.5%
Henry W. Smith (W) 42.5%
Pennsylvania 10 William Clark Anti-Masonic 1832 Retired
Democratic gain		 Luther Reily (D) 50.8%
George W. Harris (W) 49.2%
Pennsylvania 11 Henry Logan Jacksonian 1834 Re-elected Henry Logan (D) 58.2%
Jacob Kirk (W) 41.8%
Pennsylvania 12 George Chambers Anti-Masonic 1832 Retired
Democratic gain		 Daniel Sheffer (D) 50.5%
G. James McSherry (AM) 49.5%
Pennsylvania 13 Jesse Miller Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 Charles McClure (D) 57.5%
William Sharon (W) 42.5%
Pennsylvania 14 Joseph Henderson Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 William W. Potter (D) 59.6%
John Williamson (AM) 38.2%
John Ashman (AM) 2.2%
Pennsylvania 15 Andrew Beaumont Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 David Petrikin (D) 52.1%
John McReynolds (W) 47.9%
Pennsylvania 16 Joseph B. Anthony Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 Robert H. Hammond (D) 59.1%
Ebenezer Greenough (A) 40.9%
Pennsylvania 17 John Laporte Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 Samuel W. Morris (D) 60.2%
William Jessup (W) 39.8%
Pennsylvania 18 Job Mann Jacksonian 1832 Lost re-election
Anti-Masonic gain		 Charles Ogle (AM) 51.7%
Job Mann (D) 48.3%
Pennsylvania 19 John Klingensmith, Jr. Jacksonian 1832 Re-elected John Klingensmith, Jr. (D) 58.0%
James Moorhead (W) 42.0%
Pennsylvania 20 Andrew Buchanan Jacksonian 1832 Re-elected Andrew Buchanan (D) 100%
Pennsylvania 21 Thomas M. T. McKennan Anti-Masonic 1830 Re-elected Thomas M. T. McKennan (AM) 52.2%
Thomas Ringland (D) 47.8%
Pennsylvania 22 Harmar Denny Anti-Masonic 1829 (special) Retired
Anti-Masonic hold		 Richard Biddle (AM) 51.4%
Trevanion B. Dallas (D) 48.6%
Pennsylvania 23 Samuel S. Harrison Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 William Beatty (D) 56.5%
Joseph Buffington (W) 43.5%
Pennsylvania 24 Previous incumbent John Banks (AM) resigned April 2, 1836 Anti-Masonic hold Thomas Henry (AM) 56.1%
John R. Shannon (D) 43.9%
Pennsylvania 25 John Galbraith Jacksonian 1832 Retired
Democratic hold		 Arnold Plumer (D) 54.4%
David Dick (W) 45.6%

There were two special elections to fill vacancies in Pennsylvania's representation during the 25th Congress. The first was in the 3rd district caused by Francis J. Harper (D)'s death on March 18, 1837, shortly after the official start of the 25th Congress, but before the first meeting. Said vacancy was filled by Charles Naylor (W). The second was in the 9th district when Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (D) resigned February 9, 1838, which vacancy was filled by George Keim (D)

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ Previously Jacksonian
  2. ↑ Previously Anti-Jacksonian
  3. ↑ Includes 5 plural districts
  4. ↑ Includes 3 plural districts
  5. ↑ Changed from at-large
  6. ↑ Includes 1 plural district
  7. ↑ Special election
  8. ↑ Regular election
  9. ↑ 0 after second election
  10. ↑ 2 after second election
  11. ↑ For plural districts, percent is based on assumption that each voter cast as many votes as there are seats
  12. ↑ Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project
  13. ↑ Changed parties
  14. ↑ Won subsequent special election
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Joint Whig/Anti-Masonic ticket
See also
Senate elections
Presidential elections
Gubernatorial elections
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