Uloboridae

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Cribellate Orb Weaver
Uloborus plumipes
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Suborder: Araneomorphae
Superfamily: Uloboroidea
Family: Uloboridae
Thorell, 1869
Diversity
18 genera, 262 species

Uloboridae, the cribellate orb weavers or hackled orb weavers, is a family of non-venomous spiders. Their lack of venom glands is a secondarily evolved trait. Instead, they kill their prey by crushing with over 140 metres of thread.

All members of this family produce a feathery, fuzzy silk called cribellate (or hackled) silk.[1] These spiders do not use an adhesive on their orb webs, but rather the very fine fibers on each strand of silk tend to ensnare prey. Uloboridae webs often have a stabilimentum or zig-zag pattern through the center.

Distribution

This family has an almost worldwide distribution. There are only two species known from northern Europe: Uloborus walckenaerius and Hyptiotes paradoxus. Similarly occurring solely in northern North America (e.g. southern Ontario) is Uloborus glomosus.

Genera

  • Ariston O. P-Cambridge, 1896 (Central America)
  • Astavakra Lehtinen, 1967 (Philippines)
  • Conifaber Opell, 1982 (South America)
  • Daramulunia Lehtinen, 1967 (Samoa, Fiji, New Hebrides)
  • Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 (Palearctic)
  • Lubinella Opell, 1984 (New Guinea)
  • Miagrammopes O. P.-Cambridge, 1870 (America, Austrasia)
  • Octonoba Opell, 1979 (Russia, Central Asia to Japan)
  • Orinomana Strand, 1934 (South America)
  • Philoponella Mello-Leitão, 1917 (Africa, America, Asia, Australia)
  • Polenecia Lehtinen, 1967 (Mediterranean to Azerbaijan)
  • Purumitra Lehtinen, 1967 (Australia, Philippines)
  • Siratoba Opell, 1979 (USA, Mexico)
  • Sybota Simon, 1892 (South America)
  • Tangaroa Lehtinen, 1967 (Oceania)
  • Uloborus Latreille, 1806 (worldwide)
  • Waitkera Opell, 1979 (New Zealand)
  • Zosis Walckenaer, 1842 (Pantropical)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jonathan A. Coddington & Herbert W. Levi (1991). "Systematics and evolution of spiders (Araneae)" (PDF). Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 22: 565–592. JSTOR 2097274. 

External links

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