Ukrainian National Army

Not to be confused with the Ukrainian People's Army, which is often called the Ukrainian National Army or, UNA

Ukrainian National Army
Symbol of the Ukrainian National Army
Active	17 March / 15 April 1945 - 7 May 1945
Country	Nazi Germany[1]
Allegiance	Ukrainian National Republic in Exile [2][3]
Type	Infantry
Size	50,000
Engagements	World War II
Commanders
Notable commanders	Pavlo Shandruk

Ukrainian National Army (UNA) was a World War II Ukrainian military group, created on March 17, 1945 in Weimar, Germany, and subordinate to Ukrainian National Committee.

The army, formed on April 15, 1945, and commanded by General Pavlo Shandruk, consisted of the following units:

• 1. UNA Division formed from the 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galizien (1st Ukrainian);
• 2. UNA Division being organized into two brigades – the Anti-Tank Brigade Вільна Україна ("Free Ukraine") and a second brigade – from remnants of the Ukrainian Liberation Army and other Ukrainian units, led by General Petro Dyachenko;
• special Gruppe B led by General Taras Bulba-Borovets;^[1]
• Ukrainian Free Cossacks led by Colonel Tereshchenko;
• 1. Reserve Brigade led by Colonel Hudyma;
• 2. Reserve Brigade led by Colonel Malets.

Plans were made regarding the inclusion of the Ukrainian Freedom Army (120,000 soldiers), Kuban Cossacks and Georgian military divisions.

The primary purpose of creation of the Ukrainian National Army was to integrate all the Ukrainian units fighting the Soviets under a single command. The intended size of the army, encompassing all the Ukrainian units subordinate to Oberkommando des Heeres was 220,000. However within the two months left till the end of the war, Shandruk was able to gather about 50 thousand soldiers.

The "Monument of the 1st Galicia Division and UNA" in Lviv (Ukraine). Members of the Plast at a reunion (Lychakivskiy Cemetery), April 2008.

In reality, Shandruk was able to command only the 1. UNA Division and elements of the 2. UNA Division. On May 7, under his influence, the division located in western Austria by this time after slowly moving from Slovenia (February 1945), withdrew further from Red Army forces. The "Army" now split into several groups, with one heading towards Italian border and surrendering to the British Army's 15th Army Group and others moved toward the German and Swiss borders and surrendered to the US Army's 6th Army Group. The UNA soldiers were interned in northern Italy, in the area controlled by Polish II Corps forces. After the capitulation, Shandruk asked for a meeting with Polish general Władysław Anders in London, and asked him to protect the army against the deportation to Soviet Union. Despite the Soviet pressure, Anders managed to protect Ukrainian soldiers as the former citizens of the Second Republic of Poland. Shandruk and the bulk of his forces managed to remain in the west, with many of the former UNA soldiers joining the French Foreign Legion.

Other groups, splintered, either surrendered to the Soviet or the Western Allies, facing repatriation, with several hundred interned in Switzerland. The UNA had a bad relationship with general Andrei Vlasov's Russian Liberation Army (KONR) and was never subordinated to it.

References

Further reading

• Shandruk, Pavlo (1959). Arms of valor (1st ed. ed.). New York: Robert Speller & Sons Publishers. Retrieved 2008-08-18.