Tyne Bridge

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For the Parliamentary Constituency, see Tyne Bridge (UK Parliament constituency).
Tyne Bridge

Tyne Bridge looking towards the modern Sage Gateshead with the now moved Tuxedo Princess moored below. The banner is advertising the 2006 Great North Run
Carries A167 road
Motor vehicles
Cyclists
Pedestrians
Crosses River Tyne
Locale Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead, England
Design Through arch bridge
Total length 389 metres (1,276 ft)
Width 17 metres (56 ft)
Longest span 161.8 metres (531 ft)
Clearance below 26 metres (85 ft)
Construction begin August 1925
Construction end 25 February 1928
Opened 10 October 1928
Coordinates 54°58′05″N 1°36′22″W / 54.968°N 1.606°W / 54.968; -1.606Coordinates: 54°58′05″N 1°36′22″W / 54.968°N 1.606°W / 54.968; -1.606
 Tyne Bridge shown within Tyne & Wear
grid reference NO415292

The Tyne Bridge is a through arch bridge over the River Tyne in North East England, linking Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead. It was designed by the engineering firm Mott, Hay and Anderson, who later designed the Forth Road Bridge, and was built by Dorman Long and Co. of Middlesbrough. The bridge was officially opened on 10 October 1928 by King George V and has since become a defining symbol of Tyneside. It is ranked as the tenth tallest structure in the city.

History of construction

The 1781 stone bridge, with the High Level Bridge in the background, from an 1861 illustration
Tyne Bridge viewed from Side, Newcastle Quayside

The earliest bridge across the Tyne, Pons Aelius, was built by the Romans near the location of the present Tyne Bridge. Built around 122[citation needed], it fell into disrepair. The next bridge built was one of stone in 1270. After 500 years, this was destroyed by the great flood of 1771. In 1781, a new stone bridge across the Tyne was completed. Increased shipping activity led to the stone bridge being removed in 1866 to make way for construction of the present Swing Bridge, which opened in 1876.

The idea for a bridge at the location of the present Tyne Bridge dates to 1864, due to concern about the cost of tolls on the High Level Bridge. The first serious discussions took place in 1883. Committees met over the next three decades, but it was not until the early 1920s that proposals were commenced in earnest, boosted by the chance to secure central government funding. On 29 April 1924,[citation needed] Newcastle and Gateshead approved the plans, and the Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead (Corporations) Bridge Act was passed on 7 August that year, with an estimated cost of £1 million including land acquisitions. The final cost on completion was £1.2 million.

Work started in August 1925 with Dorman Long acting as the building contractors. Despite the dangers of the building work, only one worker (Charles Tosh) died in the building of this structure.

The Tyne Bridge was designed by Mott, Hay and Anderson, who based their design on the Hell Gate Bridge in New York City (which was completed in 1916). The bridge was completed on 25 February 1928, and officially opened on 10 October by King George V and Queen Mary, who were the first to use the roadway, travelling in their Ascot landau. The Tyne Bridge's towers were built of Cornish granite and were designed as warehouses with five storeys. But, the inner floors of the warehouses in the bridge's towers were not completed and, as a result, the storage areas were never used. Lifts for passengers and goods were built in the towers to provide access to the Quayside; they are no longer in use.[1]

The bridge was originally painted green with special paint made by J. Dampney Co. of Gateshead. The same colours were used to paint the bridge in 2000. The bridge spans 531 feet (162 m) and the road deck is 84 feet (26 m) above the river level.

The Tyne Bridge under construction in 1928.
Technical Info
Total length (includes approaches) 389 metres (1,276 ft)
Length of main arch span (pier to pier) 161.8 metres (531 ft)
Rise of arch (above pins) 55 metres (180 ft)
Clear height (above high water level) 26 metres (85 ft)
Total height (above high water level) 59 metres (194 ft)
Width (bridge) 17.08 metres (56.0 ft)
Width (approaches) 24 metres (79 ft)
Total weight of steelwork (arch only) 3,556 tonnes
Total weight of steelwork (including approaches) 7,112 tonnes
Total number of rivets (including approaches) 777,124

History of operations

The Tyne Bridge, in green, seen from the Gateshead Millennium Bridge.

Tram lines were built into the Tyne Bridge structure and ready for immediate use after the opening ceremony in October 1928. Tram car No. 289 was the last Newcastle tram to run into Gateshead over the Tyne Bridge on Sunday 5 March 1950 at approximately 10.55 pm. The tram lines were subsequently removed, although some vestiges of these remain such as redundant fixings for overhead power lines.

Golden jubilee celebrations were held on 10 October 1978, when 1,000 balloons were released into the sky above the river to celebrate the anniversary of the Tyne Bridge. To mark the occasion, a cavalcade of vintage vehicles and a procession of people in period dress stopped traffic, re-creating the opening ceremony when King George V declared the bridge open in 1928.

Upon opening, the bridge carried the A1 road. Following the opening of the Tyne Tunnel in 1967, however, the A1 was diverted to the East and the road became the A6127. Following the construction of the Newcastle Western Bypass, the A1 moved again. The bridge was redesignated as the A167, which it remains today.

The Olympic rings on the bridge

In 2012, the largest Olympic rings in the UK were erected on the bridge. The rings were manufactured by commercial signage specialists Signmaster ED Ltd of Kelso. The rings were over 25 metres wide and 12 metres tall and weighed in excess of 4000 kg. This was in preparation for Newcastle hosting the Olympic football tournament, and the Olympic torch relay, in which Bear Grylls zipwired from the top of the arch, to Gateshead quayside.[2]

On 28 June 2012, a large lightning bolt struck the Tyne Bridge. It lit up the roads as the sky was very dark. The bolt, part of a super-cell thunderstorm, triggered heavy rain - a month's worth of rainfall in just 2 hours - causing flash flooding on Tyneside.[3]


Photo gallery

  • A night view of the Tyne Bridge taken from the northern embankment, looking west

References

  1. ↑ "The Tyne Bridge". Bridges on the Tyne. 2006. 
  2. ↑ "Olympic rings launched on Tyne Bridge". Retrieved 16 June 2012. 
  3. ↑ Weather: record 110,000 lightning bolts strike during 'superstorms'

Further reading

  • Addyman, J. and Fawcett, B. The High Level Bridge and Newcastle Central Station: 150 Years Across the Tyne. By the North Eastern Railway Association for the High Level Bridge. 1999. ISBN 1-873513-28-3.
  • Linsley, S. Spanning the Tyne: Building of the Tyne Bridge, 1925-28. Newcastle Libraries and Information Service, Newcastle City Council. 1998. ISBN 1-85795-009-7.
  • Manders, F. & Potts, R. Crossing the Tyne. Tyne Bridge Publishing. 2001. ISBN 1-85795-121-2.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tyne Bridge.
Images
Next crossing upstream River Tyne Next crossing downstream
Swing Bridge  Tyne Bridge
Grid reference: NZ253637		 Gateshead Millennium Bridge
(foot and cycle) 
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