Turner Classic Movies
| Turner Classic Movies | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Launched | April 14, 1994 |
| Owned by |
Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner) GEM (Australia) |
| Picture format |
1080i (HDTV) 480i (SDTV) |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English (imported feature films are broadcast in their native languages, provided with English subtitling) |
| Broadcast area | Nationwide (also available in Canada with substitutions; international versions in Spain, Asia, Latin America, U.K. and Ireland) |
| Headquarters | Atlanta, Georgia, United States |
| Sister channel(s) |
TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, Boomerang, CNN, HLN, TruTV (United States) TCM 2 (UK & Ireland) |
| Website | TCM.com |
Availability | |
| Satellite | |
| DirecTV |
Channel 256 (HD/SD) Channel 1256 (VOD) |
| Dish Network | Channel 132 (HD/SD) |
| DSTV | Channel 137 |
| Shaw Direct (Canada) |
Channel 178 / 539 (SD) Channel 138 / 638 (HD) |
| Tata Sky (India) | Channel 357 |
| n (Poland) | Channel 44 |
| Cable | |
| Available on most American and Canadian cable providers | Check local listings for channels |
| UPC (Poland) | Channel 487 |
| IPTV | |
| AT&T U-verse |
Channel 790 (SD) Channel 1790 (HD) |
| Verizon FiOS | Channel 230 (SD) |
| Bell Fibe TV (Canada) | Channel 292 |
Turner Classic Movies (commonly abbreviated as TCM) is an American movie-oriented basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the Turner Broadcasting System, a subsidiary of Time Warner. TCM is headquartered at the Techwood Campus in Atlanta, Georgia's Midtown business district.
Historically, the channel's programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. Pictures (covering films released before 1950) and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (covering films released before May 1986). However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood studios as well as its Time Warner sibling Warner Bros. (which now controls the Turner Entertainment library and its own later films), and occasionally shows theatrical films made after the classic era.
History
Origins
In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, Ted Turner acquired Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for $1.5 billion. Concerns over Turner Entertainment's corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before.[1] As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGM's library of films released up to 1986.
The film library of Turner Entertainment would serve as the base form of programming for TCM upon the channel's launch. Before the creation of Turner Classic Movies, films from Turner's library of movies were broadcast on the commercial Turner Broadcasting System's TNT, along with colorized versions of black-and-white classics such as The Maltese Falcon.
Launch and contributions
Turner Classic Movies debuted on April 14, 1994 with Ted Turner launching the channel at a ceremony in New York City's Times Square district.[2][3] The date was chosen for its significance as "the exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York City." The first movie broadcast on TCM was the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, the same film that served as the debut broadcast of its sister channel TNT six years before in October 1988. Unlike TNT, Turner Classic Movies does not broadcast colorized films.[4]
At the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers.[5] The channel originally served as a competitor to AMC – which at the time was known as "American Movie Classics" and maintained a virtually identical format to TCM as both channels largely focused on films released prior to 1970 and aired them in an uncut, uncolorized and commercial-free format – AMC had broadened its film content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002 and abandoned its commercial-free format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption.
In 1996, Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner, which not only put Turner Classic Movies and Warner Bros. Entertainment under the same corporate umbrella, but also gave TCM access to the library of Warner Bros. films released after 1949 (which itself includes other acquired entities such as the Lorimar, Saul Zaentz and National General Pictures libraries); incidentally, TCM had already been running select Warner Bros. film titles through a licensing agreement with the studio that was signed prior to the launch of the channel.[6]
In 2000, TCM started the annual Young Composers Film Competition, inviting aspiring composers to participate in a judged competition that offers the opportunity to score a restored, feature-length silent film as a grand prize, mentored by a well-known composer, with the new work subsequently premiering on the TCM channel. As of 2006, films which have been rescored include the 1921 Rudolph Valentino film Camille, two Lon Chaney films: 1921's The Ace of Hearts and 1928's Laugh, Clown, Laugh and Greta Garbo's 1926 film The Temptress.
In 2008, TCM was given a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting.[7] In April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival (which has since become an annual event) at the Grauman's Chinese Theater and the Grauman's Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. Hosted by Robert Osborne, the four-day long annual festival celebrated Hollywood and its movies, and featured celebrity appearances, special events and screenings of around 50 classic movies including several newly restored by the Film Foundation, an organization devoted to preserving Hollywood's classic film legacy.[8]
Programming
Turner Classic Movies essentially operates as a commercial-free service, with the only advertisements on the channel being shown between features – which advertise TCM products, channel promotions for special programs and the original trailers for films that are scheduled to be broadcast on the channel (particularly films that will air during the primetime hours), and featurettes about classic film actors and actresses. TCM's film content has remained mostly uncut and uncolorized (depending upon the original content of movies, particularly movies rated by the Motion Picture Association of America after 1968). Because of this, TCM is formatted similarly to a premium channel with certain films – particularly those made from the 1960s onward – sometimes featuring nudity, sexual content, violence and/or strong profanity; the channel also features rating bumpers prior to the start of a program (most programs on TCM, especially films, are rated for content using the TV Parental Guidelines, in lieu of the MPAA's rating system).
As a result of its devoted format to classic feature films, viewers that are interested in tracing the career development of actresses like Barbara Stanwyck or Greta Garbo or actors like Cary Grant or Humphrey Bogart have the unique opportunity to see most of the films that were made during their careers, from beginning to end. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio (widescreen or full screen) whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the channel's standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any home video release.
Occasionally, the channel shows restored versions of films, particularly old silent films with newly commissioned musical soundtracks. Turner Classic Movies is also a major backer of the Descriptive Video Service (created by Boston PBS station WGBH-TV), with many of the films aired on the network offering visual description for the blind and visually impaired, which is accessible through the second audio program option through a television, or cable or satellite receiver.
TCM's programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. Gaps between features are filled with theatrically released movie trailers and classic short subjects – from series such as The Passing Parade, Crime Does Not Pay, Pete Smith Specialties and Robert Benchley – under the banner name TCM Extras (formerly One Reel Wonders). In 2007, some of the short films featured on TCM began appearing on TCM's website. In part to allow these interstitials, Turner Classic Movies schedules its feature films either at the top of the hour or at :15, :30 or :45 minutes past the hour, instead of in timeslots of varying five-minute increments.
Movie library
TCM's library of films spans several decades of cinema and includes thousands of film titles. Besides its deals to broadcast film releases from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, United Artists[9] and Warner Bros. Entertainment, Turner Classic Movies also maintains movie licensing rights agreements with Universal Studios, Paramount Pictures,[10] 20th Century Fox,[11] Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (primarily film content from Walt Disney Productions), Sony Pictures Entertainment (primarily film content from Columbia Pictures), StudioCanal and Janus Films.
Most Paramount releases made prior to 1950 are owned by EMKA, Ltd./NBCUniversal Television Distribution, while Paramount (currently owned by Viacom) holds on to most of its post-1949 releases, which are handled for television by Trifecta Entertainment & Media. Columbia's film output is owned by Sony (through Sony Pictures Television); 20th Century Fox's film library are handled for television by its 21st Century Fox subsidiary 20th Television, and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (owned by The Walt Disney Company) has their library film output handled for television by Disney-ABC Domestic Television. Classic films released by 20th Century Fox, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios, Columbia Pictures and Toho are licensed individually for broadcast on Turner Classic Movies.
Although the majority of movies shown on TCM are releases from the 1930s through the 1960s, some are more contemporary – Turner Classic Movies sometimes airs films from the 1970s, and may occasionally broadcast movies released during the 1980s, 1990s and the early 2000s on certain occasions.
Hosted and special programming
Regular features
Most feature movies shown during the prime time and early overnight hours (8 p.m.-2:30 a.m. Eastern Time) are presented by film historian Robert Osborne (who has been with the network since its 1994 launch, except for a five-month medical leave from July to December 2011, when guest hosts presented each night's films)[12] on Sunday through Thursday evenings – with Osborne only presenting primetime films on Sundays – and Ben Mankiewicz (who also hosts weekend afternoon films and previously hosted TCM's Saturday morning classic animation series Cartoon Alley from 2004 and 2007) on Friday through Sunday evenings – with Mankiewicz presenting only late evening films on Saturdays, and the "Silent Sunday Nights" and "TCM Imports" blocks on Sundays.
TCM regularly airs a "Star of the Month" throughout the year on Wednesdays starting at 8 p.m. ET, in which most, if not all, feature films from a classic film star are shown during that night's schedule. The channel also marks the occurrence of a film actor's birthday (either antemortem or posthumously) or recent death with day- or evening-long festivals showcasting several of that artist's best, earliest or least-known pictures. TCM also features a monthly program block called the "TCM Guest Programmer", in which Osborne is joined by celebrity guests responsible for choosing that evening's films (examples of such programmers during 2012 include Jules Feiffer, Anthony Bourdain, Debra Winger, Ellen Barkin, Spike Lee, Regis Philbin and Jim Lehrer);[13] an offshoot of this block featuring Turner Classic Movies employees aired during February 2011.
Turner Classic Movies also airs regularly scheduled weekly film blocks, which are periodically preempted for special themed month-long or seasonal scheduling events, such as the "31 Days of Oscar" film series in the month preceding the Academy Awards and the month-long "Summer Under the Stars" in August; all featured programming has their own distinctive feature presentation bumper for the particular scheduled presentation. The Essentials, currently hosted by Osborne and Drew Barrymore as of 2013, is a weekly film showcase airing on Saturday evenings (with a replay on the following Sunday at 6 p.m. ET), which spotlights a different movie and contains a special introduction and post-movie discussion.
The channel also broadcasts two movie blocks during the late evening hours each Sunday: "Silent Sunday Nights", which features silent films from the United States and abroad, usually in the latest restored version and often with new musical scores; and "TCM Imports" (which previously ran on Saturdays until the early 2000s), a weekly presentation that features foreign films. TCM Underground – which debuted in October 2006 – is a Friday late night block which focuses on cult films, the block was originally hosted by rocker/filmmaker Rob Zombie until December 2006 (though as of 2013, it is the only regular film presentation block on the channel that does not have a host).
Seasonal blocks
Each August, Turner Classic Movies suspends its regular schedule for a special month of film marathons called "Summer Under the Stars", which features entire daily schedules devoted to the work of a particular actor, with movies and specials that pertain to the star of the day. In the summer of 2007, the channel debuted "Funday Night at the Movies", a block hosted by actor Tom Kenny (best known as the voice of SpongeBob SquarePants). This summer block features classic feature films (such as The Wizard of Oz, Sounder, Bringing Up Baby, Singin' in the Rain, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, The Adventures of Robin Hood and 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea) aimed at introducing these movies to new generations of children and their families.
"Funday Night at the Movies" was replaced in 2008 by "Essentials Jr.", a youth-oriented version of its weekly series The Essentials (originally hosted by actors Abigail Breslin and Chris O'Donnell, then by John Lithgow from 2009 to 2011, and then by Bill Hader starting with the 2011 season), which included such family-themed films as National Velvet, Captains Courageous and Yours, Mine and Ours, as well as more eclectic selections as Sherlock, Jr., The Music Box, Harvey, Mutiny on the Bounty and The Man Who Knew Too Much.
Documentaries
In addition to films, Turner Classic Movies also airs original content, mostly documentary films about classic movie personalities, the world of filmmaking and particularly notable films. An occasional month-long series, Race and Hollywood, showcases films by and about people of non-white races, featuring discussions of how these pictures influenced white people's image of said races, as well as how people of those races viewed themselves. Previous installments have included "Asian Images on Film" in 2008,[14] "Native American Images on Film" in 2010,[15] "Black Images on Film" in 2006[16] "Latino Images on Film" in 2009[17] and "Arab Images on Film" in 2011.[18] The channel aired the film series Screened Out exploring gay images on film in 2007 and "Religion on Film" in 2005. In 2011, TCM debuted a new television series entitled AFI's Master Class: The Art of Collaboration.[19][20]
TCM Remembers
In December 1998, TCM debuted "TCM Remembers", which is a tribute to recently deceased notable film personalities (including actors, producers, composers, directors, writers and cinematographers) airing occasionally during promotional breaks between films. The segments appear in two forms: individual tributes and a longer end-of-year compilation. Following the recent death of an especially famous film personality (usually an actor, producer or director), the segment will feature a montage of select shots of the deceased's work. During the second half of each December, a longer, more inclusive "TCM Remembers" interstitial is run honoring most or all of the noted film personalities who died during the past year. Since 2001, the soundtracks for these clipreels have been introspective melodies by indie artists such as Badly Drawn Boy (2007) or Steve Earle (2009).[21]
- TCM Remembers 1998: composer John Addison, Gene Autry, Binnie Barnes, Lloyd Bridges, Dane Clark, art director George Davis, John Derek, special effects visual Linwood G. Dunn, Alice Faye, Norman Fell, editor Gene Fowler, Jr., Douglas Fowley, Patricia Hayes, Valerie Hobson, Josephine Hutchinson, director Alan J. Pakula, Leonid Kinskey, director Akira Kurosawa, cinematographer Charles Lang, Phil Leeds, Jean Marais, E. G. Marshall, Roddy McDowall, Jeanette Nolan, Lucille Norman, Maidie Norman, Dick O'Neill, Maureen O'Sullivan, composer Gene Page, choreographer Jerome Robbins, Gene Raymond, Roy Rogers, Esther Rolle, Frank Sinatra, J. T. Walsh, Vincent Winter, O. Z. Whitehead, cinematographer Freddie Young and Robert Young.
- TCM Remembers 1999: Iron Eyes Cody, Betty Lou Gerson, Huntz Hall, Susan Strasberg, film critic Gene Siskel, Richard Kiley, director Stanley Kubrick, Garson Kanin, composer Ernest Gold, Ellen Corby, Charles "Buddy" Rogers, Rory Calhoun, Dirk Bogarde, Oliver Reed, DeForest Kelley, Bobs Watson, director Allan Carr, Sylvia Sidney, screenwriter Mario Puzo, screenwriter Norman Wexler, Ruth Roman, director Edward Dmytryk, director Charles Crichton, Victor Mature, editor Harold F. Kress, George C. Scott, Ian Bannen, Mabel King, Madeline Kahn and Desmond Llewelyn.
- TCM Remembers 2000: Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., Nancy Coleman, Rose Hobart, Muriel Evans, Steve Reeves, Gwen Verdon, Francis Lederer, Nan Leslie, director Don Weis, director Roger Vadim, Joan Marsh, Billy Barty, costume designer Bill Thomas, Max Showalter, Vittorio Gassman, Marie Windsor, Craig Stevens, David Tomlinson, Richard Farnsworth, director Claude Autant-Lara, film preserver James Card, Beah Richards, Julie London, Marceline Day, Nancy Marchand, Harold Nicholas, Nils Poppe, director Joseph H. Lewis, composer George Duning, director Lewis Allen, Ann Doran, Jean Peters, editor David Bretherlen, writer Curt Siodmak, screenwriter Ring Lardner, Jr., Alec Guinness, Loretta Young, Jason Robards, John Gielgud, Hedy Lamarr, Claire Trevor and Walter Matthau.
- TCM Remembers 2001: Anthony Quinn, Jack Lemmon, Rosemary DeCamp, Jacques Marin, Charlotte Coleman, Kathleen Freeman, Corinne Calvet, Ray Walston, Eleanor Summerfield, Jane Greer, David Graf, screenwriter Ken Hughes, Larry Tucker, cinematographer Henri Alekan, director Budd Boetticher, Herbert Ross, Wilkie Cooper, animator William Hanna, Paul Berry, Nancy Parsons, Tommy Hollis, Aaliyah, Eileen Heckart, Dale Earnhardt and George Harrison.
- TCM Remembers 2002: William Warfield, director George Sidney, Signe Hasso, Brad Dexter, producer Lew Wasserman, Ted Ashley, Lawrence Tierney, Leo McKern, Kim Hunter, John Agar, Jeff Corey, Dolores Gray, producer J. Lee Thompson, Eddie Bracken, Katy Jurado, animator Chuck Jones, Harold Russell, Eileen Heckart, Jack Kruschen, Buddy Lester, Adolph Green, director André de Toth, producer Richard Sylbert, Milton Berle, director Billy Wilder, director John Frankenheimer, Dudley Moore, Richard Harris, Rod Steiger and James Coburn.
- TCM Remembers 2003: Karen Morley, Penny Singleton, Donald O'Connor, David Hemmings, Art Carney, screenwriter David Newman, cinematographer Conrad Hall, director George Roy Hill, director Leni Riefenstahl, Kenneth Tobey, John Ritter, director Norman Panama, composer Michael Kamen, Martha Scott, Hume Cronyn, Buddy Hackett, Johnny Cash, Hope Lange, Richard Crenna, Sheb Wooley, Jack Elam, Gregory Hines, screenwriter George Axelrod, screenwriter Peter Stone, producer Philip Yordan, director Elia Kazan, Jeanne Crain, Horst Buchholz, Wendy Hiller, Bob Hope, screenwriter Daniel Taradash, Buddy Ebsen, director John Schlesinger, Robert Stack, Charles Bronson, Gregory Peck and Katharine Hepburn. Soundtrack: "I Will Remember You," Sarah McLachlan
- TCM Remembers 2004: Irene Manning, Uta Hagen, Carl Anderson, Carrie Snodgress, Ray Charles, Paul Winfield, Alan King, Jan Sterling, Ron O'Neal, Bernard Punsly, Isabel Sanford, Ingrid Thulin, John Drew Barrymore, Virginia Grey, director Russ Meyer, producer Ray Stark, Peter Ustinov, Anna Lee, John Randolph, Frances Dee, Spalding Gray, Noble Willingham, Rodney Dangerfield, composers David Raksin, Jerry Goldsmith & Elmer Bernstein, Howard Keel, Ann Miller, Fay Wray, Tony Randall, Christopher Reeve, Ronald Reagan, Janet Leigh and Marlon Brando. Soundtrack: "Goodnight Hollywood Boulevard," Ryan Adams
- TCM Remembers 2005: Sandra Dee, Virginia Mayo, John Vernon, cinematographer Tonino Delli Colli, Simone Simon, Eddie Albert, Marc Lawrence, playwright Arthur Miller, Ruth Hussey, Ossie Davis, screenwriter Gavin Lambert, Keith Andes, Geraldine Fitzgerald, screenwriter Evan Hunter, director Guy Green, Harold J. Stone, Pat Morita, producer Ismail Merchant, Sir John Mills, Richard Pryor, Kay Walsh, Teresa Wright, Suzanne Flon, art director John Box, Jocelyn Brando, screenwriter Ernest Lehman, composer Linda Martinez, director Morris Engel, Barbara Bel Geddes, director Robert Wise, June Haver, Brock Peters, Edward Bunker, Ruth Warrick, Lane Smith, Stanley DeSantis, Jean Parker, Sheree North and Anne Bancroft. Soundtrack: "Flesh and Blood," Joe Henry
- TCM Remembers 2006: Marian Marsh, Elizabeth Allen, Jack Warden, Anthony Franciosa, Tamara Dobson, cinematographer Sven Nykvist, Red Buttons, Alida Valli, Mickey Spillane, director Gordon Parks, director Gillo Pontecorvo, Robert Donner, Darren McGavin, Mako Iwamatsu, Robert O. Cornthwaite, Richard Bright, producer Joseph Stefano, Barnard Hughes, Adrienne Shelly, Chris Penn, Vincent Schiavelli, Arthur Hill, art director Henry Bumstead, Jane Wyatt, Jack Wild, Paul Gleason, composer Malcolm Arnold, songwriter Betty Comden, director Vincent Sherman, Fayard Nicholas, Moira Shearer, Ken Richmond, writer Peter Benchley, Robert Earl Jones, Dennis Weaver, director Richard Fleischer, Don Knotts, Jack Palance, Peter Boyle, Maureen Stapleton, Bruno Kirby, director Robert Altman, June Allyson, Glenn Ford and Shelley Winters. Soundtrack: "Press On," Robinella
- TCM Remembers 2007: Solveig Dommartin, Ulrich Mühe, producer Carlo Ponti, Charles Lane, Miyoshi Umeki, Mala Powers, writer Peter Viertel, writer Norman Mailer, Barbara McNair, producer Sidney Sheldon, Ron Carey, cinematographer László Kovács, director Delbert Mann, writer A. I. Bezzerides, Bud Ekins, Deborah Kerr, Calvin Lockhart, Betty Hutton, Marcel Marceau, film critic Joel Siegel, Yvonne De Carlo, Bobby Mauch, Lois Maxwell, Barry Nelson, make-up artist William J. Tuttle, Alice Ghostley, Jack Williams, Gordon Scott, Laraine Day, Roscoe Lee Browne, Michel Serrault, writer Bernard Gordon, Richard Jeni, Kitty Carlisle Hart, director Bob Clark, director Richard Franklin, cinematographer Freddie Francis, Kerwin Mathews, Frankie Laine, Robert Goulet, Jack Valenti, director Michelangelo Antonioni, Jane Wyman and director Ingmar Bergman. Soundtrack: "Promises," Badly Drawn Boy
- TCM Remembers 2008: Richard Widmark, Edie Adams, Guillaume Depardieu, Robert DoQui, Charlton Heston, Cyd Charisse, George Carlin, Paul Scofield, Dick Martin, Sydney Pollack, special effects artist Stan Winston, Eva Dahlbeck, Michael Kidd, June Travis, producer Charles H. Joffe, Ken Ogata, screenwriter Irving Brecher, Roy Scheider, Brad Renfro, Paul Benedict, screenwriter John Michael Hayes, John Phillip Law, Michael Pate, Roberta Collins (later removed and replaced with Van Johnson), Isaac Hayes, director Joseph Pevney, screenwriter Arthur C. Clarke, Fred Crane, animator Ollie Johnston, director Michael Crichton, Evelyn Keyes, Breno Mello, Marpessa Dawn, Mel Ferrer, Jerry Reed, Heath Ledger, Robert J. Anderson, Suzanne Pleshette, director Anthony Minghella, Ben Chapman, Vampira, Hazel Court, Perry Lopez, Delmar Watson, Robert Arthur, director Kon Ichikawa, Joy Page, Bernie Mac, Forrest J Ackerman, Nina Foch, director Dino Risi, Dody Goodman, director Jules Dassin, screenwriter Abby Mann, Harvey Korman, Lois Nettleton, Estelle Reiner, Julie Ege, composer Leonard Rosenman, Don LaFontaine, screenwriter Malvin Wald, director Jean Delannoy, Anita Page and Paul Newman. Soundtrack: "God Only Knows," Joe Henry
- TCM Remembers 2009: Edmund Purdom, Natasha Richardson, Jody McCrea, Ricardo Montalbán, Al Martino, director Robert Mulligan, director Howard Zieff, Pamela Blake, Farrah Fawcett, producer Larry Gelbart, producer Charles H. Schneer, Edward Woodward, Jennifer Jones, Sam Bottoms, Patrick Swayze, Olga San Juan, Paul Burke, screenwriter Horton Foote, Sydney Chaplin, Susanna Foster, director Ken Annakin, cinematographer Jack Cardiff, Beverly Roberts, Kathleen Byron, Dorothy Coonan, producer Daniel Melnick, Jane Bryan, Ron Silver, David Carradine, Richard Todd, Gale Storm, Pat Hingle, Eartha Kitt, Lou Jacobi, Bea Arthur, composer Maurice Jarre, Dom DeLuise, Henry Gibson, screenwriter Budd Schulberg, Claude Berri, writer Dominick Dunne, Betsy Blair, James Whitmore, Joseph Wiseman, Patrick McGoohan, director John Hughes and Karl Malden. Soundtrack: "To Live is to Fly," Steve Earle
- TCM Remembers 2010: director Arthur Penn, editor Dede Allen, Jean Simmons, director Roy Ward Baker, Lynn Redgrave, producer David Brown, editor Sally Menke, Harold Gould, director Dino De Laurentiis, Dennis Hopper, Jill Clayburgh, Robert Culp, James Mitchell, James MacArthur, Johnny Sheffield, Corey Haim, director Clive Donner, Kevin McCarthy, Cammie King, Eddie Fisher, director Éric Rohmer, John Forsythe, producer Irving Ravetch, art director Robert F. Boyle, Robert Ellenstein, producer Tom Mankiewicz, editor Suso Cecchi d'Amico, Fess Parker, Baby Marie Osborne, Lena Horne, Lionel Jeffries, Kathryn Grayson, Tony Curtis, Doris Eaton Travis, writer Joseph Stein, director Ronald Neame, Claude Chabrol, Gloria Stuart, June Havoc, Glenn Shadix, Peter Graves, Barbara Billingsley, Leslie Nielsen, director Blake Edwards, Zelda Rubinstein, cinematographer William A. Fraker, producer David L. Wolper, Meinhardt Raabe, director Irvin Kershner and Patricia Neal. Soundtrack: "Headlights," Sophie Hunger
- TCM Remembers 2011: Farley Granger, Diane Cilento, Miriam Seegar, Anna Massey, Sybil Jason, screenwriter Jimmy Sangster, James Arness, Annie Girardot, Susannah York, William Campbell, Linda Christian, Jane Russell, Michael Sarrazin, Edith Fellows, Peter Falk, Pete Postlethwaite, Len Lesser, screenwriter Kevin Jarre, John Howard Davies, Paul Picerni, Betty Garrett, producer Gil Cates, Marilyn Nash, agent Sue Mengers, writer/designer Polly Platt, Hideko Takamine, Jeff Conaway, Edward Hardwicke, Tura Satana, Neva Patterson, cinematographer Gunnar Fischer, Mary Murphy, Dana Wynter, Elaine Stewart, Lena Nyman, Roberts Blossom, Jackie Cooper, Harry Morgan, Googie Withers, Barbara Kent, Cliff Robertson, Margaret Field, Anne Francis, Yvette Vickers, Paulette Dubost, Charles Napier, Maria Schneider, Norma Eberhardt, John Wood, director Sidney Lumet, composer John Barry, John Neville, Bill McKinney, Kenneth Mars, director Ken Russell, director Peter Yates, G. D. Spradlin, Leslie Brooks, Paul Massie, David Nelson, Jill Haworth, producer John Calley, screenwriter Arthur Laurents, Michael Gough and Elizabeth Taylor. Soundtrack: "Before You Go," OK Sweetheart
- TCM Remembers 2012: Andy Griffith, R. G. Armstrong, Alex Karras, director Theodoros Angelopoulos, Peter Breck, Keiko Tsushima, cinematographer Christopher Challis, director Tony Scott, Andy Williams, director Mel Stuart, Lupe Ontiveros, lyricist Hal David, Phyllis Diller, Phyllis Thaxter, visual effects producer Eileen Moran, Albert Freeman Jr., James Farentino, writer Ray Bradbury, screenwriter Frank Pierson, critic Andrew Sarris, Russell Means, screenwriter Tonino Guerra, Isuzu Yamada, Nicol Williamson, Ann Rutherford, Erland Josephson, Ben Gazzara, Susan Tyrrell, Whitney Houston, William Windom, production designer J. Michael Riva, Denise Darcel, screenwriter Frederica Sagor Maas, Turhan Bey, songwriter Robert Sherman, design director Stephen Frankfurt, illustrator Ralph McQuarrie, Tony Martin, Davy Jones, Levon Helm, composer Marvin Hamlisch, Jonathan Frid, Celeste Holm, cinematographer Bruce Surtees, director William Asher, Larry Hagman, writer Gore Vidal, Herbert Lom, swordmaster Bob Anderson, special effects artist Carlo Rambaldi, screenwriter Nora Ephron, Michael Clarke Duncan, director Chris Marker, producer Richard D. Zanuck and Ernest Borgnine. Soundtrack: "Wait," M83
- TCM Remembers 2013: Patty Andrews, John Kerr, Rossella Falk, Bernadette Lafont, Valentin de Vargas, Sara Montiel, Elliott Reid, Jean Stapleton, director Bryan Forbes, writer Richard Matheson, Eileen Brennan, Annette Funicello, Harry Carey, Jr., director Ted Post, Diane Clare, Dale Robertson, Deanna Durbin, Jack Klugman, Charles Durning, writer Elmore Leonard, Dennis Farina, James Gandolfini, screenwriter Luciano Vincenzoni, editor Nino Baragli, Mickey Knox, Steve Forrest, Jean Kent, film critic Roger Ebert, screenwriter Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, Julie Harris, screenwriter Fay Kanin, film critic Stanley Kauffmann, Virginia Gibson, Matt Mattox, Audrey Totter, Graham Stark, Jay Robinson, Harry Lewis, Otto Sander, Margaret Pellegrini, producer A. C. Lyles, Jon Finch, cinematographer Gilbert Taylor, make-up artist Stuart Freeborn, director Michael D. Moore, visual effects creator Ray Harryhausen, director Richard Sarafian, stunt coordinator Hal Needham, Tom Laughlin, Jonathan Winters, Cliff Osmond, Richard Griffiths, set decorator Stephenie McMillan, writer Tom Clancy, Michael Ansara, director Nagisa Oshima, Rentarō Mikuni, Jim Kelly, Haji, Eleanor Parker, Robert Nichols, Ed Lauter, director Michael Winner, Karen Black, Nigel Davenport, Kim Hamilton, Joan Fontaine, Esther Williams and Peter O'Toole. Soundtrack: "In the Embers," Sleeping at Last
TCM HD
Turner Classic Movies operates a high definition simulcast feed with programs broadcast in HD upconverted to the 1080i resolution format; the HD feed of the channel launched in June 2009. Initial programming was not available in native high definition and was instead upconverted from standard definition, but benefited from the greater bandwidth allocated to the channel.
Merchandising
TCM Vault Collection
The TCM Vault Collection consists of several different DVD collections of rare classic films that have been licensed, remastered and released by Turner Classic Movies (through corporate sister Warner Home Video). These boxed set releases are of films by notable actors, directors or studios that were previously unreleased on DVD or VHS. The sets often include bonus discs including documentaries and shorts from the TCM library. The initial batch of DVDs are printed in limited quantities and subsequent batches are made-on-demand (MOD).
- Universal Collection – Featuring films licensed by TCM from the Universal Studios vault.
- The Lost RKO Collection – Featuring RKO films from the 1930s.
- TCM Archives – A series of DVD boxsets released by Warner Home Video featuring Pre-Code and Silent Films which includes the Forbidden Hollywood series.
- TCM Spotlight – A series of DVD boxsets released by Warner Home Video featuring the popular Charlie Chan and stars such as Esther Williams, Errol Flynn, Jean Arthur, Deanna Durbin, and Doris Day.
International versions
Turner Classic Movies is available in many other countries around the world. In Canada, TCM debuted in 2005 on the Shaw Cable and satellite provider Shaw Direct. Rogers Cable started offering TCM in December 2006 as a free preview channel for all digital customers, and added to the analogue package in February 2007. While the schedule for the Canadian feed is generally the same as the U.S. channel, some films are replaced for broadcast into Canada due to rights issues and other reasons. Other versions of TCM are available in Australia, France, Germany, the Netherlands, South Africa, Spain, Asia, Latin America, Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Poland. The UK version operates two channels, including a spinoff called TCM 2.
See also
- TCM 2
References
- ↑ Fabrikant, Geraldine. "Turner to Sell MGM Assets." The New York Times. June 7, 1986.
- ↑ Mitchell, Kim; Rod Granger. "Turner launches TCM", Multichannel News, April 18, 1994. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ Lon Grahnke. "Classic Films Find New Cable Outlet In Turner Empire", Chicago Sun-Times, April 10, 1994. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ Gary R. Edgerton (Winter 2000). Journal of Popular Film & Television. Quote: "with the promise: 'uninterrupted, uncolorized and commercial-free!' Attitudes had evidently come full circle. Colorization was now unfashionable and unprofitable — even for Ted Turner and his colleagues at TBS."
- ↑ Brown, Rich. "Few tickets for Turner Classic Movies", Broadcasting & Cable, April 18, 1994. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ "Turner picks up Warner films", Broadcasting & Cable, December 6, 1993. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research:
- ↑ "Winners - 2000's". Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication. 2008. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
- ↑ Lumenick, Lou (November 5, 2009). "New TCM Film Festival goes head-to-head with Tribeca". New York Post. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
- ↑ Katz, Richard. "TCM purchases large MGM/UA film package", Multichannel News, November 21, 1994. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ Brown, Rich. "Turner signs Paramount titles for $30M: new classic movie channel seeks additional packages to supplement MGM/RKO library", Broadcasting & Cable, August 16, 1993. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ Dempsey, John. "TCM lands passel of pix from Fox", Daily Variety, August 13, 2004. Retrieved February 28, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
- ↑ Lumenick, Lou (July 11, 2011). "Robert Osborne taking leave from TCM". The New York Post.
- ↑ Bibel, Sara (February 22, 2012). "TCM Announces Guest Programmers for 2012, Including Jules Feiffer, Anthony Bourdain, Debra Winger, Ellen Barkin, Spike Lee, Regis Philbin and Jim Lehrer". Press release. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
- ↑ Asian Images on Film, article on TCM website.
- ↑ Native American Images on Film, article on TCM website.
- ↑ Black Images On Film, article on TCM website.
- ↑ Latino Images on Film, Hispanic actors talk about casting.
- ↑ Arab Images on Film, article on TCM website.
- ↑ David Hinckley (2011-11-14). "Steven Spielberg and John Williams tell stories by the score about ‘Jaws’ & ‘E.T.’ in ‘AFI Master Class’". Daily News.
- ↑ J.C. Maçek III (2013-01-14). "'AFI Master Class': Zemeckis and Burgess Break It Down". PopMatters.
- ↑ TCM Remembers 2009 at the TCM Website.
External links
- Official website
- Official UK website
- Turner Media Innovations (UK Sales house for TCM)
- TCM Europe
- TCM Movie Database (TCMDb)
- Interviews with Robert Osborne about TCM's Classic Film Archive by Cinema Retro
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