Turkish Sign Language

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Turkish Sign Language
Türk İşaret Dili
Native to	Turkey, Northern Cyprus
Native speakers	(no estimate available)
Language family	Unknown; possibly from Ottoman Sign Language
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`tsm`

Turkish Sign Language (Turkish: Türk İşaret Dili, TİD) is the language used by the deaf community in Turkey. As with other sign languages, TİD has a unique grammar that is different from the oral languages used in the region.

TİD uses a two-handed manual alphabet which is very different from the two-handed alphabets used in the BANZSL sign languages.

Status

There is little published information on Turkish Sign Language.

Signing communities

According to the Turkish Statistical Institute, there are a total of 89,000 (54,000 male 35,000 female) persons with hearing impairment and 55,000 (35,000 male, 21,000 female) persons with speaking disability living in Turkey, based on 2000 census data.^[1]

History

TİD is dissimilar from European sign languages. There was a court sign language of the Ottoman Empire, which reached its height in the 16th century and 17th centuries and lasted at least until the early 20th.^[2] (See Ottoman Sign Language.) However, there is no record of the signs themselves and no evidence the language was ancestral to modern Turkish Sign Language.^[3]

Deaf schools were established in 1902, and until 1953 used TİD alongside the Turkish spoken and written language in education.^[4] After 1953, Turkey has adopted an oralist approach to deaf education.

References

↑ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Nüfus, Konut ve Demografi Verileri 2000
↑ Miles, M. (2000). Signing in the Seraglio: Mutes, dwarfs and gestures at the Ottoman Court 1500-1700, Disability & Society, Vol. 15, No. 1, 115-134
↑ Turkish Sign Language (TİD) General Info, Dr. Aslı Özyürek, Koç University website, accessed 2011-10-06
↑ Deringil, S. (2002). İktidarın Sembolleri ve İdeoloji: II. Abdülhamid Dönemi (1876–1909), YKY, İstanbul, 249.

External links

Turkish Sign Language (Turkish and English) Website including dictionary and general information, by the Turkish Academy of Sciences and Koç University
Turkish National Deaf Federation homepage (Turkish and English).

Sign language

By region^[a]

Sign languages by region

Australia	Australia: Auslan, Warlpiri, Australian Aboriginal Hawaii New Zealand Solomon Islands: Rennellese

Asia	Chinese Philippine Indonesia: Indonesian, Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese) Indo-Pakistani Israel: Al-Sayyid Bedouin, Israeli Japanese Korean Malaysia: Malaysian, Penang, Selangor Mongolian Nepal: Ghandruk, Jhankot, Jumla, Nepalese Persian Saudi Arabia: Saudi Singapore Sri Lankan Taiwanese Thailand: Ban Khor, Thai Vietnamese

Africa	Algerian Ghana: Adamorobe Kenyan Mali: Tebul Nigeria: Bura, Hausa Senegal: Mbour Somalia & Djibouti: Somali South African Tanzanian Ugandan Zambian

Europe	Armenian Austrian Belgium: Flemish, French Belgian British Croatian Danish Dutch Estonian Finnish France: Lyons, French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Kosovar Lithuanian Macedonian Northern Ireland Norwegian Polish Portuguese Russian Slovenian Spain: Catalan, Spanish, Valencian Swedish Swiss Turkish

North America	Canada: Maritime, Providence Island, Quebec, Inuit Mexico: Mayan, Mexican, Tijuana United States: American, Plains Indian, Plateau

South America	Argentine Bolivian Brasil: Brazilian, Ka'apor Chilean Colombian Ecuadorian Guatemalan: Guatemalan, Mayan Honduras Nicaraguan Paraguayan Peruvian Salvadoran Uruguayan Venezuelan

International	BANZSL International Sign (Gestuno) Makaton Monastic

Language families^[a]

Australian Aboriginal (List)
British (List)
Danish (List)
French (List)
German (List)
Japanese (List)
Kenyan (List)
Swedish (List)
Arab (List)
Isolates (List)

American Sign Language

Extinct sign languages

Martha's Vineyard
Old French
Old Kent
Rennellese (nearly)
Maritime (nearly)
Hawaiʻi (nearly)

Linguistics

Fingerspelling

Writing

Language contact

Media

Films (list)
Television programs (list)

Persons

Organisations

Miscellaneous

^a Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French.

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