Tulayha

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Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid ibn Nawfal al-Asadi[1] belonged to the Bani Assad tribe. He was a wealthy chief .[1] In 625 he was defeated in the Expedition of Qatan (against the Muslims). He also took part in the Battle of the Trench in 627.

History

In 630 he accepted Islam at the hands of Muhammad. However, he rebelled against Muhammad in 631 when he claimed to be a prophet and the recipient of divine revelation.[1] Thus, Tulayha became the third person to claim prophethood among the Arabs against Muhammad.[2] Many tribes acknowledged him as a prophet, which made him sufficiently strong and powerful to lead a confederacy of numerous tribes against the Muslims.[1]

In July 632, Abu Bakr raised an army mainly from the Banu Hashim (the clan of the prophet Muhammad). [citation needed] Ali ibn Abi Talib, Talha ibn Ubaidullah and Zubair ibn al-Awam, were each appointed as commander of one-third of the newly organised force. They fought the Battle of Zhu Qissa against the forces of Tulayha, a self-proclaimed prophet[3] and his followers as they prepared to launch an attack on Medina during the Ridda wars.[citation needed] The Rashidun commanders held until they were reinforced by Abu Bakr. Tulayha was defeated and his forces were driven back to Zhu Hussa.[4][5]

Thereafter, Khalid ibn al-Walid was sent to crush him and his confederacy. The armies of Khalid and Tulayha met at a place named Buzaka in 632. In this engagement, the army of Tulayha was defeated in the Battle of Buzakha. Following this battle, many of the rebellious tribes surrendered and accepted Islam. However, Tulayha escaped from Buzaka and sought refuge in Syria. But when Syria was conquered by the Muslims, Tulayha accepted Islam.[1]

In 634, he personally paid homage to Umar after the latter’s assumption of the position of Caliph. Later on, Tulayha enthusiastically took part in the Battle of Jalula,[1] the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah and the Battle of Nahāvand alongside the Muslim armies and later died as a Muslim.[1] When Saad bin Abi Waqqaas asked Khalifah Umar to send him reinforcement. Umar replied: "I have sent you 2000 men: Amru bin Ma'adi Yakrib and Tulayhah Asadi. Each one of them counts as a thousand."[4]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Islamic desk reference, By E. J. van Donzel, pg.458
  2. ↑ Muhammad, the messenger of Islam By Hajjah Amina Adil, Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Adil Al-Haqqani, Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani, pg.551
  3. ↑ Hitti, Philip Khuri (1946). History of the Arabs. Londn: Macmillan and Co. p. 141. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 http://www.grandestrategy.com/2007/12/sword-of-allah-chapter-12-abu-bakr.html
  5. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20041215001316/http://www.swordofallah.com/html/bookchapter12page1.htm#1

External links

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