Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus

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Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Subfamily: Crotalinae
Genus: Trimeresurus
Species: T. mucrosquamatus
Binomial name
Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
(Cantor, 1839)
Synonyms
  • Trigonocephalus mucrosquamatus Cantor, 1839
  • Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
    – Günther, 1864
  • Crotalus Trimeres[urus]. mucrosquamatus – Higgins, 1873
  • Lachesis mucrosquamatus
    – Boulenger, 1896
  • Trimersurus [sic] mucrosquamatus
    – Taub, 1964 (ex errore)
  • P[rotobothrops]. mucrosquamatus – Hoge & Romano-Hoge, 1983
  • Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
    – Zhao & Adler, 1993[2]
  • Protobothrops mucrosquamatus
    – David et al., 2011[3]
Common names: Brown Spotted Pit Viper,[4] Pointed-Scaled Pit Viper,[5] more.
Chinese name: 龜殼花

Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus is a venomous pit viper species endemic to Asia. No subspecies are currently recognized.[6]

Description

Males grow to a maximum total length of 112 cm (44 in) with a tail length of 19.5 cm (7.7 in). Females grow to a maximum total length of 116 cm (46 in) with a tail length of 20.5 cm (8.1 in).[7]

The hemipenes are spinose.[7]

Scalation: dorsal scales in 25 longitudinal rows at midbody; scales on upper surface of head, small, each scale keeled posteriorly; internasals 5-10 times size of adjacent scales, separated by 3-4 scales; supraoculars, long, narrow, undivided, 14-16 small interoculars in line between them; 2 scales on line between upper preocular and nasal scale; 9-11 upper labials, first upper labial separated from nasal by suture; 2-3 small scales between upper labials and subocular; 2-3 rows of temporal scales above upper labials smooth, above those scales keeled; ventrals 200-218; subcaudals 76-91, all paired.[7]

Color pattern: grayish or olive brown above, with dorsal series of large brown, black-edged spots or blotches, and a lateral series of smaller spots; head above brownish, below whitish; belly whitish but heavily powdered with light brown; tail brownish (possibly pink in life [fide M.A. Smith 1943:507]), with series of dark dorsal spots.[7]

Common names

Brown spotted pitviper,[4] pointed-scaled pit viper, habu,[5] Taiwan habu (タイワンハブ), Chinese habu, Formosan pit viper.[8]

Geographic range

Found from northeastern India (Assam) and Bangladesh, to Myanmar, China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Sichuan), as well as in Taiwan. The type locality given is "Naga Hills" (Assam, India).[2] This snake is introduced to Okinawa, Japan.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Papenfuss, T.J. (2010). "Protobothrops mucrosquamatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 20 October 2012. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  3. ↑ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. Geitje Books. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. ISBN 3-937975-00-4.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 U.S. Navy. 1991. Poisonous Snakes of the World. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. ISBN 0-486-26629-X.
  6. ↑ "Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 25 May., 2007. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Leviton AE, Wogan GOU, Koo MS, Zug GR, Lucas RS, Vindum JV. 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar, Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 54 (24): 407-462.
  8. ↑ Brown JH. 1973. Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN 0-398-02808-7.

Further reading

  • Boulenger, G.A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xviii + 541 pp. (Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus, p. 428.)
  • Cantor, T.E. 1839. Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum [parts 1 and 2]. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Part VII 1839: 31-34, 49-55.
  • Kraus, Fred; Mink, Daniel G.; & Brown, Wesley M. 1996. Crotaline intergeneric relationships based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Copeia 1996 (4): 763-773.
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia, Vol. III.—Serpentes. Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xii + 583 pp. (Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus, pp. 507–508.)
  • Tu, M.-C. et al. 2000 Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Biogeography of the Oriental Pit Vipers of the Genus Trimeresurus (Reptilia: Viperida Crotalinae): A Molecular Perspective. Zoological Science 17: 1147-1157.

External links

Snakes in the Trimeresurus genus
Alethinophidia
Scolecophidia
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