Trichoglossus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Trichoglossus

Rainbow Lorikeet (T. h. moluccanus) perching on a garden fence in Sydney, Australia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Psittaciformes
Superfamily:	Psittacoidea
Family:	Psittaculidae
Subfamily:	Loriinae
Tribe:	Loriini
Genus:	Trichoglossus Stephens, 1826

Trichoglossus is a genus of lorikeet in the Psittaculidae or true parrot superfamily. The genus is distributed widely through Australia, Wallacea and Melanesia, with outliers in the Philippines and Micronesia. Members of the genus are characterised by barring, sometimes prominently, on the upper breast.^[1]

Taxonomy

The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek terms tricho- "hair", and glõssa "tongue".^[2] There are uncertainties in the classification. The main uncertainty is the delineation of the species Trichoglossus haematodus, which has until now been broadly defined with many subspecies. However several are found in remote areas and have been little studied, with some arguing for their classification as separate species. Furthermore, the three species of the related genus Psitteuteles have been sometimes classified as members of Trichoglossus.

The genus contains several species and subspecies:^[3]

Trichoglossus Stephens 1826

Trichoglossus ornatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ornate Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus (haematodus) forsteni Bonaparte, 1850 (Sunset Lorikeet)
- T. h./f. djampeanus Hartert, 1897
- T. h./f. forsteni Bonaparte, 1850
- T. h./f. mitchellii Gray,GR, 1859
- T. h./f. stresemanni Meise, 1929
Trichoglossus (haematodus) weberi (Buttikofer, 1894) (Leaf Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus (haematodus) capistratus (Bechstein, 1811) (Marigold Lorikeet)
- T. h./c. capistratus (Bechstein, 1811)
- T. h./c. flavotectus Hellmayr, 1914
- T. h./c. fortis Hartert, 1898
Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) (Rainbow Lorikeet)
- T. h. caeruleiceps Albertis & Salvadori, 1879
- T. h. deplanchii Verreaux,J & Des Murs, 1860
- T. h. eyrei Mathews, 1912
- T. h. flavicans Cabanis & Reichenow, 1876
- T. h. haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771)
- T. h. intermedius Rothschild & Hartert, 1901
- T. h. massena Bonaparte, 1854
- T. h. moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)
- T. h. nesophilus Neumann, 1929
- T. h. nigrogularis Gray,GR, 1858
- T. h. rosenbergii Schlegel, 1871
- T. h. septentrionalis Robinson, 1900
Trichoglossus (haematodus) rubritorquis Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 (Red-collared Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus euteles (Temminck, 1835) (Olive-headed Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus flavoviridis Wallace, 1863 (Citrine Lorikeet)
- T. f. flavoviridis Wallace, 1863
- T. f. meyeri Walden, 1871
Trichoglossus johnstoniae Hartert, 1903 (Mindanao Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus rubiginosus (Bonaparte, 1850) (Pohnpei Lorikeet)
Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus (Kuhl, 1820) (Scaly-breasted Lorikeet)

Species details

Species of Trichoglossus in taxonomic sequence
Common and binomial names^[3]	Image	Description	Range
Ornate Lorikeet Trichoglossus ornatus		25 cm (10.0 in) long. The head is dark blue on top and face below eyes and chin is red. Red at back of the head and yellow on sides of neck. Front of neck to chest has transverse bars of red and blue. Green abdomen with sparse variable yellow scalloping. Beak is orange-red, irises are dark orange, eye-ring is dark grey, and legs are grey.^[4]	Indonesia^[5]
Rainbow Lorikeet Trichoglossus haematodus		Some classifications list about 20 subspecies; although, several are sometimes listed as separate species (see below). The photograph (left) is T. h. haematodus.	Australia, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu. (Introduced to Hong Kong.)^[6]
Olive-headed Lorikeet Trichoglossus euteles		24 cm (9.5 in) long. Mainly green with an olive coloured head which is demarcated by a green collar. Its beak is orange-red, its irises are red, and its legs are grey.^[4]	Indonesia and Timor-Leste^[7]
Citrine Lorikeet Trichoglossus flavoviridis		20 cm (8.0 in) long. Mainly green with green and yellow scalloping on its front. Its head is yellow and brown.^[4]	Indonesia^[8]
Mindanao Lorikeet Trichoglossus johnstoniae		20 cm (8 in) long. Mainly green with yellow transverse striations on its front. Its face is red and there is a dark purple band around its head. There is extensive yellow areas on the lower surface of its wings. Its legs are greenish-grey. The beak is orange, the eye-ring is dark grey, the irises are red.^[4]	Philippines^[9]
Pohnpei Lorikeet Trichoglossus rubiginosus		24 cm long. It is mainly reddish-maroon with vague approximately transverse striations of darker maroon. The head a slightly darker maroon. The flight feathers and tail are olive-yellow. Its legs are grey. The male has an orange beak and yellow-orange irises, while the female has a yellow beak and light grey irises.^[4]	Micronesia^[10]
Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus		23 cm (9.0 in) long. Mainly green with an all green head. Lowerparts are barred with short transverse yellow and green striations. Orange on lower surface of wings.^[4]	Eastern Australia^[11]

Rainbow Lorikeet species complex

The Rainbow Lorikeet has about 20 subspecies in some classifications; although, several of these are sometimes split off to form up to four additional species: The parentheses in the scientific names of the birds in the table are used to indicate that a taxon is sometimes considered to be a full species and sometimes listed as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet.

Subspecies of Rainbow Lorikeet that are sometime classified as separate species
Common and binomial names^[3]	Image	Description	Range
Sunset Lorikeet Trichoglossus (haematodus) forsteni		Sometimes classified as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet	The Indonesian island of Sumbawa, Tanahjampea and Kalaotoa
Leaf Lorikeet Trichoglossus (haematodus) weberi		Mostly green. Sometimes classified as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet	Flores, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia^[12]
Marigold Lorikeet Trichoglossus (haematodus) capistratus		Sometimes classified as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet	Islands of Sumba, Wetar and Timor in south-east Asia
Red-collared Lorikeet Trichoglossus (haematodus) rubritorquis		Sometimes classified as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet	Northern Australia, including north Kimberley and North West Queensland, but excluding Far North Queensland.^[13]

References

↑ Low, p.69.
↑ Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott (1980). A Greek-English Lexicon (Abridged Edition). United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-910207-4.
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.020)". www.zoonomen.net. Retrieved 20 March 2009.
↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Forshaw (2006). plate 13.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus ornatus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus haematodus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus euteles. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus flavoviridis. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus johnstoniae. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus rubiginosus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ BirdLife International (2008). Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
↑ Forshaw (2006). plate 15.
↑ Forshaw (2006). plate 12.

Cited texts

Forshaw, Joseph M. (2006). Parrots of the World; an Identification Guide. Illustrated by Frank Knight. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09251-6.
Low, Rosemary (1978). Lories and Lorikeets. Inkata Press: Melbourne. ISBN 0-909605-08-4.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trichoglossus.

v t e Lories and lorikeets (Tribe: Lorini)

Genus	Species (taxonomy note: * indicates taxa that may classified as a subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet or a separate species) (extinctions: † indicates a species confirmed to be extinct, ₴ indicates evidence only from sub-fossils)

Chalcopsitta	Black Lory Brown Lory (or Duyvenbode's Lory) Streaked Lory Cardinal Lory

Eos	Black-winged Lory Violet-necked Lory Blue-streaked Lory Red-and-blue Lory Red Lory Blue-eared Lory

Pseudeos	Dusky Lory

Trichoglossus	Ornate Lorikeet Pohnpei Lorikeet Mindanao Lorikeet (or Johnstone's Lorikeet) Citrine Lorikeet (or Yellow-and-green Lorikeet) Rainbow Lorikeet Sunset Lorikeet (or Scarlet-breasted Lorikeet) * Leaf Lorikeet (also Flores Lorikeet or Weber's Lorikeet) * Marigold Lorikeet * Red-collared Lorikeet * Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Olive-headed Lorikeet

Psitteuteles	Varied Lorikeet Iris Lorikeet Goldie's Lorikeet

Lorius	Purple-bellied Lory Black-capped Lory (or Stresemann's Lory) White-naped Lory Yellow-bibbed Lory Purple-naped Lory Chattering Lory

Phigys	Collared Lory

Vini	Blue-crowned Lorikeet Kuhl's Lorikeet (or Rimatara Lorikeet) Stephen's Lorikeet (or Henderson Lorikeet) Violet Lorikeet (Blue Lorikeet or Tahitian Lory) Ultramarine Lorikeet Sinoto's Lorikeet † ₴ Conquered Lorikeet † ₴

Glossopsitta	Musk Lorikeet Little Lorikeet Purple-crowned Lorikeet

Charmosyna	Palm Lorikeet Red-chinned Lorikeet Meek's Lorikeet Blue-fronted Lorikeet Striated Lorikeet Pygmy Lorikeet Red-fronted Lorikeet Red-flanked Lorikeet New Caledonian Lorikeet Red-throated Lorikeet Duchess Lorikeet Fairy Lorikeet Josephine's Lorikeet Papuan Lorikeet

Oreopsittacus	Plum-faced Lorikeet

Neopsittacus	Yellow-billed Lorikeet (or Musschenbroek's Lorikeet) Orange-billed Lorikeet (or Emerald Lorikeet)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.