Tiruppur district

Tiruppur district திருப்பூர் மாவட்டம்
district
Statue of Amaravathy, Dharapuram
Location in Tamil Nadu, India
Coordinates: 11°11′N 77°15′E / 11.18°N 77.25°E / 11.18; 77.25Coordinates: 11°11′N 77°15′E / 11.18°N 77.25°E / 11.18; 77.25
Country	India
State	Tamil Nadu
Headquarters	Tiruppur
Government
• District collector	Mr.G.Govinadaraj IAS
Population
• Total	2,471,222
Languages
• Official	Tamil
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Vehicle registration	TN-39,TN-42,TN-78 footnotes =

Tiruppur District is a district of the Indian state Tamil Nadu, formed in February 2009. The district is well-developed and industrialized. The Tiruppur banian industry, the cotton market, and the famous uthukklui butter, among other things, provide for a vibrant economy.^[1] The city of Tiruppur is the administrative headquarters for the district.

History

The district is named after the city of Tiruppur, In Mahabaratham Arjuna(Pandavas) returned the cattles captured by enemies and returned to Dharapuram ( Nirai Meetal நிறை மீட்டல்) Nirai Thiruputhal and become Tiruppur...

Since the 1990s, the formation of the new Tiruppur district had been urged by the exporters of Tiruppur.^[2] Tiruppur city and surrounding region, where there is considerable industrial and business activities, was to be the core area. They believed that a new district would facilitate administration of the region and allow more aggressive development measures.^[2] Tiruppur district was formed in 2009, carved out of the Coimbatore and Erode districts making it the 32^nd district of Tamil Nadu^[3] and one of the ten most industrialised and economically developed districts of Tamil Nadu.^[2]

Before the formation of Tiruppur district, Avinashi, Madathukulam, Palladam, Tiruppur, and Udumalpet were taluks of Coimbatore district; and Dharapuram and Kangeyam were taluks of Erode district.^[4] The new taluk Madathukulam was formed after the district was created.^[5]

Geography and climate

Tiruppur district lies on the western part of Tamil Nadu bordering the western ghats and hence the district enjoys a moderate climate.The district is surrounded by Coimbatore district in the west,Erode district to the North and northeast and Karur district in the east and Dindigul district in the south east.To the south the district is surrounded by Kerala state(idukki district).The district has an area of 516.12 square kilometers.the southern and south western parts of the district enjoys maximum rainfall,due to the surrounding of western ghats.The rest of the district lies in the rain shadow region of the Western Ghats and experiences salubrious climate most parts of the year,except the extreme east part of the district. The mean maximum and minimum temperatures for Tiruppur city during summer and winter vary between 35°C to 18°C . The average annual rainfall in the plains is around 700 mm with the North East and the South West monsoons contributing to 47% and 28% respectively to the total rainfall. The major rivers flowing through the district are Noyyal and Amaravathi. The Amaravati river is the main source of irrigation in the district. Amaravathi Dam, which created Amaravathi Reservoir, is located at Amaravathinagar.Thirumurthy dam which is created by the PAP project is situated in this district.Both Amaravathi dam and Thirumurthy dam are the prime source of irrigation in the district,whereas Uppaar dam is another dam which receives water from seasonal rains.

Demographics

In the 2001 census, Tiruppur district had a population of 1,917,033, of which males constituted 976,802 and females constituted 940,231. In the 2001 census, the urban population was 825,006 and the rural population was 1,092,027. Tamil was the principal language spoken in the district, with sizable minorities of Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada speakers. Hindus formed the majority of the population at 90.08% followed by Muslims at 5.33%, Christians at 4.35% and others at 0.24%.

In the 2011 census Tiruppur district reported a population of 2,471,222,^[6] roughly equal to the population of the nation of Kuwait^[7] or the US state of Nevada.^[8] This gave it a ranking of 176^th among districts in India (out of a total of 640).^[6] The district had a population density of 476 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,230 /sq mi), up from the 2001 population density of 367 inhabitants per square kilometre (950 /sq mi).^[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 29.69%.^[6] The relatively large growth rate was due to an influx of workers from other parts of India due in turn to Tiruppur's rapid industrialization during the period.^{[citation needed]} Tiruppur had a sex ratio of 988 females for every 1000 males,^[6] and a literacy rate of 79.1%.^[6]

In 2011 the populace was 38.52% rural and 61.48% urban; this represented an increase in the urban populace of 39.13% from 2001, and a relatively lower increase in rural of 15.37% from 2001.^[6]

Administration and politics

Tiruppur district is administered by a collector.Presently Mr.Govindaraj is the collector of Tiruppur district.

Parliamentary constituencies:

• Tiruppur(Part)
• Pollachi(Part)
• Coimbatore(Part)
• Erode(Part)
• The nilgiris(Part)

Assembly constituencies:

• Tiruppur North
• Tiruppur south
• Palladam
• Dharapuram
• Kangeyam
• Avinashi
• Udumalpet
• Madathukulam.

Revenue divisions

• Dharapuram
• Tiruppur
• Udumalaipettai

Municipal corporations:

• Tiruppur Municipal Corporation(TCMC)

Municipalities

• Nallur
• Dharapuram
• Kangeyam
• Palladam
• Udumalaipettai
• Velampalayam
• Vellakoil

Town Panchayats

• Muthur
• Rudravathi
• Kannivadi
• Mulanur
• Kolathupalayam
• Chinnakkampalayam
• Avinashi (also spelled as Avanashi)
• Dhali
• Madathukulam
• Kaniyur
• Komaralingam
• Samalapuram
• Sankaramanallur
• Thirumuruganpoondi
• Kunnathur
• Uthukuli

RTO

the district has 3 RTO'S they are:

1.TIRUPUR(NORTH)RTO-TN-39.it has a unit office @ Avinashi(TN-39Z)

2.TIRUPUR(SOUTH)RTO-TN-42.it has a unit office @ Kangeyam(TN42Y)

3.DHARAPURAM RTO-TN78.it has a unit office @ Udumalpet(TN78Z).

Flora and fauna

Tiruppur district is home to Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park .The Park and the Sanctuary are the core of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is under consideration by UNESCO as part of The Western Ghats .

Nanjarayan Tank near Koolipalayam on Uthukuli Road is a wetland with water stored throughout the year spread across 440 acres. Its home to more than 40 Species of Native birds and attracts migratory birds to large extent. Nature Society of Tirupur, a wildlife conservation NGO has recorded more than 130 species of birds for past 5 years. The wetland is conserved by local people with support of NGOs and had been proposed to be declared as Bird Sanctuary with all required qualifications.

Tourist attractions

Tourism plays a pivotal role in Socio-economic development. Tourism is travel for recreational or leisum purpose. It fosters international understanding as a part of "Global village concept" Tourism become a popular global leisure activity.Tourist wants a holistic expenses and visit to historical movements museum and exposure to different culture. Activities like entertain sports, dance, Music, Festivals, Adventure, Cuisine, Education and Health care enhance these experience. Tiruppur district is no exception for this. It bears eloquent testimony to harmonious co-existence of the religions with its ancient temples, churches and Mosques. There are many places of tourism interest in Tiruppur district.

TEMPLES: There many temples with historical and artistic values are in Tiruppur district. Some of the temples are in the hills such as, Sivanmalai, Kaithamalai, Alagumalai and Thirumoorthy malai and some other temples are preserved by the A S I ( Archaeological Survey of India) such as Thirumurugan Poondi and Sukrieswara temple of Sarkar Periyapalayam.

1.MURUGAN TEMPLE,UTHUKULI,TIRUPPUR

Once the famous saint Agastiyar came to this place for meditation but was not able to find water. He prayed to Lord Muruga to help him. Soon Lord Muruga appeared before him and thrust His lance (Vel) in the sand. Soon water spring came from the spot. That place is called “Uthukuli”, later on it came to be called as Uthukuli.No one knows when the temple was built in Kaithamalai, just they have the history. But only 200 years before some rural kings built the temple and five years before with the help of some donors the temple was rebuilt and now it is the Important spiritual place in Tiruppur District. Daily more than 200 people visit Uthukuli Murugan Temple. The Important things is that only in Kaithamalai that is Uthukuli the temple car is in the hill and devotees pull the temple car in the slopes. No place in the world where a temple car is pulled in the hill. Then the God is called as Vetri Velayudha Swami� and the Temple is called Kaithamalai Murugan Temple�. Uthukuli Murugan Temple is situated 15 kilometres from Tiruppur city.

2.Kadu Anumantharaya swamy temple, Dharapuram: It is situated at Dharapuram town, 45 km from Tiruppur and 32 km from Palani. In the line distinguished paramahamsas established by the illustrious saint, philosopher, Shree Madhwacharya, there appeared in the 15th century, Shree Vyasa third (1447–1539) a saint par excellence who late become the royal preceptor of king Krishna deva raya on the most enlightened and benevolent rulers of the Vijayanagar empire. It is believed that this temple is one of the nine important sacred shrines for the Madhwa community. The temple is mostly worshipped by people belonging to Madhwa community. Hanuman is the son of Wind God (Vayu Baghavan). To represent this, an opening is leflt above the "Sanctum Sanctorum" enabling the presiding deity to enjoy wind, sun and rain alike. It is rare to find any notable temple in South India without a Vimanam or Tower above the Sanctum. The pillars in the mandapa are made up of wood with fine carving. During the ten Days festival (Vaikasi or May) there is a Car Festival function also.

3.SIVAN MALAI TEMPLE, Kangeyam:

The Sivanmalai Temple near Kangeyam and the temple dedicated to Lord Subramanian in the hillock. The temple is built on the hillock of Sivanmalai and is accessed through aflight of 200 steps. The main shrine enshrines Subramanyar with Valli and Deivayanai.In Aadi (July - August) and Thai (January - February) there are two important festivals celebrated here. Thaipoosam, Panguni Uthiram and Skanda Shasti in the month of Aippasi (November) are the main festivals of this temple. It is believed that God Sri Subramania, the presiding deity of this temple appears in dreams to a spiritual man or woman and demand some offerings such as bicycle, silver coins, gold chains, movable and immovable things. The devotees will bring that to the Temple and worship the God Subramania and till now this is going on. Sri Arunagirinathar refers Sivanmalai by its ancient name Pattiari in Tiruppugazh. Legend has it that Murugan married Valli against the wishes of her kinsmen who pursued the couple to Sivanmalai; all of the tribal huntsmen who fought with the couple were slain. An ahast Valli requested Murugan to restore to life, a long list of her kinsmen and Murugan obliged and restored all the vedars to life.

4.SUKRIESWARAR TEMPLE, SARKAR PERIYAPALAYAM,TIRUPPUR CITY:

It is believed that the temple complex completed during 12th Century. The temple Complex consist of two separate towers, (Vimanam) one for Lord Siva and another one for Amman. The amman temple is placed on the right side of the Siva Temple is an example of Pandya dynasty. There are other structure such construction of “Vimana” on the Sanctum which indicate the Chola dyanasty.

The salient feature of the temple complex are (1) There are two “Nandi” in front of the Shiva Temple. (2) There are five "Lingas”, three being in the outside temple, one is Sanctum and another one is invisible (3) There is no Deepasthala Pillar (Lamp Post) which one can see in all Shiva temples in Kongu region (4) The main Gate is opened in South direction instead of East. (5) The Amman was placed on the right side of the Shiva temple.

The temple Complex located on the bank of Nallar River Stream which tributary of Noyyal River.

5.Avinashi Temple

Avinashi is a small town situated near Tiruppur in Tamil Nadu. The town is famous for the Shiva temple constructed by Sundarapandiya is closely associated with the great Saiva saint Sundaramoorthy Nayanar.The word Avinashi means that which is indestructible History : This is one of the seven Shivastalams in Kongu Nadu; however this temple is better known as Karunaiyaaththaal temple. Avinashi is also referred to in inscriptions as Dakshina Varanasi, Tiruppukkozhiyur etc. Tirumular's Tirumantiram, Arunagirinathar's Tiruppugazh & Manikkavacakar's Tiruvacakam refer to this shrine. This temple is regarded as the first of the seven Thevara Stalams in the Kongu Region of Tamil Nadu. Inscriptions here reveal that the Cholas, Pandyas and the Hoysalas have made extensive endowments to the temples

Sundaramoorthy Nayanar on his way to meet Cheramaan Peruman, Nayanar happened to visit Avinashi. As he was passing through one of the streets, he heard two discordant notes coming from opposite houses, one echoing joy and another sorrow. The puzzled saint understood the cause for the strange phenomenon. Two boys of the same age went to bathe in a tank from which emerged a crocodile and devoured one of them. There was being celebrated the "Upanayanam" (Thread ceremony) of the surviving boy, now 8 years old. Hence there was joy and mirth in the house. While the other people were unable to bear their sorrow. Had their boy been alive, they too would be celebrating his "Upanayanam". Intensely moved by this, Sundaramoorthy Nayanar poured out of soulful song, praying to Lord Shiva to resurrect the dead child. His prayer was answered .The empty tank started surging with water from which emerged the crocodile and ejected the child as a fully grown boy of eight years

Architecture Ambal's sanctum is to the right of Avinasiappar's sanctum, unlike that in most temples. The Kasi Gangai Theertham—in the form of a well is considered to be of significance. The Kaalabhairavar shrine in this temple is held in reverence. Kaala Bhairavar is worshipped here with offerings of Vadai Maalai.

Festival: The car festival is the most exciting of the festivals in this temple. This temple's car is second biggest in SouthIndia and is noted for its fine wooden carvings. Since the old car was destroyed by fire in 90's, it has been rebuilt. The annual Bhrammotsavam is celebrated in the month of Chittirai. Apart from Temple car festival, 63(Arubathi moovar Ula) is one of the notable festival in this temple. The festival chariot here is said to be on par with Tiruvarur.

6.Arjuneswarar and Gomathi Amman Temple, Kadathur: Kadathur is a village located on the banks of river Amaravathi, in the Madathukulam Taluk of this district. It is around 20 km from Udumalpet. Arjuneswarar temple is located on the banks of Amaravathi River and has a large Swayambhu Lingam. This temple is supposed to be 1000 – 2000 years old.^[9]

7. 'Ayyankovil',near somanur

DAMS AND WATERFALLS:

*1.Amaravathi dam:

Amaravathi Dam at Amaravathinagar, 25 km south on NH 17 from Udumalpet, is located in Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary in Tiruppur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The 9.31 km², 33.53 m deep Amaravathi Reservoir was created by this steep dam. It was built primarily for irrigation and flood control and now also has 4 megawatts of electric generating capacity installed. It is notable for the significant population of Mugger Crocodiles living in its reservoir and catchment's basin. There is a well laid-out park where one may climb steep steps on the dam to have a picturesque view north of the plains below and south to the Anaimalai Hills and Palani Hills above. This place is being developed as a District Excursion Centre for tourism.

*1(A):Amaravathi crocodile park:

The largest wild breeding population of Crocodiles in South India lives in the Amaravathy reservoir and in the Chinnar, Thennar and Pambar rivers that drain into it. These broad-snouted Mugger Crocodiles, also known as Marsh Crocodiles and Persian Crocodiles, are the most common and widespread of the three species of Crocodiles found in India. They eat fish, other reptiles, small and large mammals and are sometimes dangerous to humans also. Crocodiles (The mugger crocodile), once abundant in Amaravathy, Periyar and Chinnar and most of other perennial river, have been threatened to near extinction. Hence the project of captive breeding of this crocodiles came into existing at Amaravathy.

The object of captive breeding of crocodile at Amaravathy as in other Crocodile Centre in Tamil Nadu is to collect Crocodile eggs from the wild clutch and rear it in captivity and release the young crocodile in the wild to restore its status.

The Amaravathy Sagar Crocodile Farm, established in 1976, the largest Crocodile nursery (captivity) in India is just 90 k from Tiruppur via Palladam and Udumalpet and One km. before the Amaravathy dam site.. Many Crocodiles of all sizes can be seen basking in the sun and suddenly making a stride or piled up on one another. Eggs are collected from wild nests along the perimeter of the reservoir to be hatched and reared at the Farm. Many adult crocodiles have been reintroduced from here into the wild. There are now 98 crocodiles (25 male + 73 female) maintained in captivity here. Three Forest Department personnel manage and maintain the Centre.

*2.Thirumurthy dam:

This dam is situated near to Udumalpet. This is one of the busiest tourist destinations in the district.The dam has boat safari which is excellent.it is a best weekend gateway for all.

*3.Panchalingam Waterfalls:

Panchalinga waterfalls located just 3 km from Thirumoorthy Temple and 18 km from Udumalaipettai. It is cool place and well known for meditation, waterfalls, temple and dam. It is situated on the highway from the pilgrim centre Palani to Coimbatore. The Thirumoorthi temple or the Sri Amanalingeswarar temple is at the foot of the hill adjacent to Thirumoorthi dam. The falls with a perennial is a famous picnic spot here. One can also enjoy a nice trekking experience of nearly 2 km on the way to waterfalls. The place surrounded by Thirumoorthi hills offers a cool atmosphere and provides backdrop for many Indian films.

*4.Indira gandhi Wildlife sanctuary:

Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over at the altitude of 1400 meters in the Western Ghats area of Pollachi, Valparai and Udumalaipettai. The area of the sanctuary is 958 km² of which only 387 km² spreadover in Tiruppur district. Amaravthy Reserve Forest and part of Anaimalai Reserve Forest of Anaimalai wildlife Sanctuary falls within the Tiruppur district. It has various kinds of fauna like elephant, gaur, tiger, panther, sloth bear, deer, wild bear, wild dog, porcupine, flying squirrel, jackal, pangolin, civet cat and birds like rocket-tailed drongo, re-whiskered bulbul, black headed oriole, tree pie, spotted dove, green pigeon, etc. The Amaravathy reservoir in the Anamalais has a large number of crocodiles. There are also many places of scenic beauty such as, Grass hills, waterfalls (Panchalingam), river streams (chinnar, tenar), teak forests, dams and reservoirs (Thirumoorthy & Amaravathy).

*5.Grass hill forests:

Grass hill is surrounded by a green grass environment. It’s a beautiful site of high green grasses with ever green unique “Shola” Forest on a mountain slope, which is a protected area. Situated, at a distance of 15 km from Valparai of Coimbatore district. One can reach with permission of Forest Dept by motorable jeep from Valparai and by trekking from Chinnar and Thirumurthy Dam of Tiruppur District. Grass hills is a picturesque spot located in the Valparai and Anaimalai range, at a height of approx: 2400m msl, with cool climate getting cooler at night. Right now all efforts are being undertaken by the Government to preserve the flora and fauna of this location. Nilgiri Thar is native of this place apart from Elephants, Bison, Indian Gaur, Bear, Nilgiri Langurs etc. and wide variety of birds including Hornbills. It is an ideal place for trekking from Chinnar via Eravikulam national park of Munnar (Kerala) to konalar kudil of Grass Hills.

*6.Stone sculptures:

Stone sculpture is traditional family business of Nayakkars and Viswakarmas in Tirumurugan Poondi and nearby villages for more than 300 years. Their ancestors were worked during Vijayanagara Dynasty in Kongu Region for construction of Kongu Siva Sthalams. More than 30 sculpture centres are being established and an approximately 250 families are involved in this business. Most of the orders for making Hindu God / Goddess such as Ganesh, Murugan, Saraswathi. These sculptures are being made from specific types of stones and are available in and around Uthukuli of Tiruppur District and they are called 1) Purusha statue stone, 2) Sthri Statue Stones and 3) Navamthagam statue stones. It believed that male deities / idols are made from Purusha statue stones, female deities / idols from Sthri statue stones and pillars, peedam etc., from Navamthagam statue stones. These classification of stones being assessed based on the sound produced by the stone while carving / chiseling statue with the help of ‘uli’. More than 30 types of scales / measurements are vividly described in ‘Sirpa Shasthiram’ text (sculpture text) for carving / sculpturing different types of deity / idol. Further while carving the statue from the stone, principle of “Pattathu Kesa Alayanirmanam” height of statue that is head to foot is being followed. These statues are despatched to various parts of India and Foreign Countries. It is famous in Avinashi, Thirumurugan Poondi of Tiruppur District.

Muthur,Near Hight school, kuppanna swamy temple, chinnamuthur selvakumara swamy temple very famous in Tamil Nadu and Veerakumara Swamy Temple in Vellakovil also one among the famous temple.

Kariyakali Ammani Temple, Paranjervazhi:

Kariyakali Amman Temple, one of the famous temples in Tiruppur District, is located in Paranjervazhi, Kangayam taluk. In terms of earnings (revenue), Kariyakali Ammani Temple is considered as a second most valuable temple in Tiruppur district. The temple has a high visitor count, mostly of people from within the district.^{[citation needed]}

Economy

The city of Tiruppur, at the heart of the district, is a textile center.^[10] The agricultural sector is predominantly small and marginal farmers with land holdings of less than two hectares.^[11]

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tiruppur district.

	Coimbatore district	Erode district
	Coimbatore district		Karur district
	Tiruppur district
	Idukki district, Kerala		Dindigul district

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