Thiazoline

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Thiazoline
IUPAC name

4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole

Other names

4,5-Dihydrothiazole

Identifiers
CAS number 504-79-0 YesY
PubChem 120269
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C3H5NS
Appearance colourless liquid
Boiling point 135-8 °C
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Thiazoline is a heterocyclic compound containing both sulfur and nitrogen in the ring. Although thiazoline itself is rarely encountered, its derivatives are often bioactive. For example, in a common post-translational modification, cysteine residues are converted into thiazolines.[1]

Synthesis

Thiazolines were first prepared by dialkylation of thioamides.[2] More commonly, they are prepared from derivatives of 2-aminoethanethiol (cysteamine).

Isomeric heterocyclic compounds: 2-thiazoline, 3-thiazoline and 4-thiazoline (from left to right). R is an organyl residue.

Related compounds

Three related classes of C3NS heterocycles are well studied, 1,3-thiazoles (parent: C3H3NS), 1,3-thiazolines (parent: C3H5NS), and 1,3-thiazolidines (parent: C3H7NS). The naming is analogous to the C3N2 heterocycles, imidazoles, imidazolines, and imidazolidines.

Substituted thiazolines

Many molecules contain thiazoline rings, one example being luciferin, the light-emitting molecule in fireflies. The amino acid cysteine is produced industrially from substituted thiazole.[3]

Thiazolines found in nature

In a recent study, thiazolines were identified in nature through an analysis of sesame seed oil. The toasted sesame seed oil was extracted using a Solvent-Assisted Flavor Evaporation technique. The extract was analyzed by GC and GC-MS and a total of 87 components were identified. Amongst these components, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-3-thiazoline and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-3-thiazoline were identified and confirmed as being present in a natural product for the first time.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Walsh, Christopher T.; Nolan, Elizabeth M. "Morphing peptide backbones into heterocycles" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2008, volume 105, 5655-5656.doi:10.1073/pnas.0802300105
  2. ↑ Richard Willstätter, Theodor Wirth "Über Thioformamid" Chem. Ber. 1909, volume 42, 1908-1922. doi:10.1002/cber.19090420267
  3. ↑ Annie-Claude Gaumont, Mihaela Gulea, and Jocelyne Levillain "Overview of the Chemistry of 2-Thiazolines" Chem. Rev. 2009, volume 109, pp. 1371–1401. doi:10.1021/cr800189z.
  4. ↑ Agyemang D.; Bardsley K.; Brown S.; Kraut K.; Psota-Kelty L.; Trinnaman L. Identification of 2-Ethyl-4-Methyl-3-Thiazoline and 2-Isopropyl-4-Methyl-3-Thiazoline for the First Time in Nature by the Comprehensive Analysis of Sesame Seed Oil. J. Food Sci. 2011, 76, C385-C391. Doi: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02071.x/abstract.
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