Thessaly Railways

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Thessaly Railways (Greek: Σιδηρόδρομοι Θεσσαλίας) was a railway company in Greece, which owned and operated the metre gauge railway network of Thessaly and Pelion railway from 1884 to 1955, when the company was absorbed by the Hellenic State Railways. Today the term usually refers to the section of mainline between Domokos and Rapsani and its two branches, the West Thessaly branch to Kalambaka and the Volos branch.

Network and stations

[]
Thessaly Railways (1955) 
Volos railway station
Thessaly Railways (1901)
Line length: 203 kilometres (126 mi)
Track gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in)
Legend
Volos-City center
Volos
Latomeion
Ag. Georgios
Velestinon
Velestinon town
Rizomylos
Stefanovikio
Aerino
Armenio
Chalkodonion
Kypseli
Rigion
Melia
(Note 1)
Chalki
Dasolophon
Larissa
Sitochoron
Farsala
Evidion
Enotiki
Paliofarsalos
Stasis Sofadon
Sofades
Karditsa
Stasis Issari
Fanario
Fanario Horio
Magoula
Kalyvia
Drossero
Trikala
Kefalovrysso
Vassiliki
Theopetra
Kalambaka

Note 1: Eretria Chrome Mines railway,

600 mm (1 ft 11 5⁄8 in) gauge.

The network of Thessaly Railways consisted of the following lines:

  • Volos - Velestinon. The line extended from Volos station to the city center along Dimitriados Street.
  • Velestinon-Kalampaka, connecting with the Athens-Larissa-Thessaloniki standard gauge mainline at Palaiofarsalos. This section had a maximum gradient of 3% between Velestinon and Aerinon.
  • Velestinon - Larissa, terminating to the Thessaly Railways station, next to the mainline (standard gauge) station.
  • Volos - Mileai (Pelion railway)

Construction started in 1882 under the general management of chief engineer Evaristo de Chirico. The section from Volos to Larissa, 61 km long, was inaugurated on 22 April 1884 by King George I. The 142 km section from Velestinon to Kalambaka was completed on 16 June 1886.

Rolling stock

Steam locomotives

Thessaly railways used 46 metre gauge steam locomotives of various types: [1] [2] All of them were tank locomotives, without tenders.

Photo Numbers Type Quantity Manufacturer Serial Nos, Year Power (hp) Power (kW) Notes
1–12 0-6-2T 12 Tubize 1883–1887
20–24 2-6-0T 5 Tubize 1908 align="right"|320 240
25–27 2-6-0T 3 J. A. Maffei 1912 align="right"|320 240
28–29 2-6-0T 2 Tubize 1920 align="right"|320 240
31–34 0-8-2T 4 Saint-Léonard 1884–1887
30–34 2-6-2T 5 Krupp 1935 align="right"|350 260
40–45 2-6-2T 6 Jung 1951 align="right"|380 280 One of them in storage at Volos, may be restored in working order.
54 0-8-0T 1 SLM Winterthur 1911 align="right"|370 280 Ex CF Yverdon–Ste-Croix No. 4
71 0-6-0T 1 1911
72 0-6-0T 1 Krupp 1935 align="right"|100 70
203–205 2-6-0T 3 SLM Winterthur 1948–1949 align="right"|250 190 Ex Brünigbahn, same numbers
1055, 1058 0-6-0T 2 SLM Winterthur 1948–1949 align="right"|250 190 Ex Brünigbahn, same numbers
A1 0-4-0T 1 Krauss 1940

Railcars - Diesel multiple units

Photo Numbers Type Quantity Manufacturer Year Model Power Notes
A1–A14 Bo-2 14 Breda 1951 145 kW (194 hp)

In addition, three Breda railcars of a different type were transferred to Volos from Messolongi-Agrinion line in 1976. Three Linke-Hofmann DMU-2 were transferred in 1978 from the Peloponnese network.

Four class 9401 Mitsumbishi diesel locomotives (numbers 9416 to 9419) were also used in Thessaly after 1973 and were used for shunting and as a replacement of steam locomotives for freight trains.

The Thessaly network after 1955

[]
Thessaly Railways (2009) 
A MAN DMU at Kalampaka station,
with the rocks of Meteora in the background.
Track gauge: 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Legend
... Mainline from Lianokladi
... Domokos
... Neo Monastiri
... Palaiofarsalos
... ...
... to Kalambaka
... Sofades
... Karditsa
... Fanari
... Magoula
... Trikala
... Kalambaka
... Iperia
... ...
... Orfana
...
...
... Doxaras
... Kranon
... Efira
... Mezourlos
348.813 Larissa
... ...
... Larisa-Volos
10.887 Chalki
16.814 Melia
18.370 18.37 km
19.400 19.4 km
23.381 Kypseli
29.131 Armenio
32.016 Stefanovikio
38.417 Rizomylos
41.516 Velestino
43.000 Ag. Georgios
49.632 Latomeio
55.612 Melissiatika
61.168 Volos
... Girtoni
... Elatia
... Evangelismos
... Tempi
... ...
... Ag. Paraskevi
... ...
... Rapsani
... Papapouli
... to Platy

The Hellenic State Railways (OSE) absorbed Thessaly Railways in 1955.

In 1960 the line from Larissa to Volos was converted to standard gauge and was connected at Larissa with the mainline from Athens to Thessaloniki. For the section between Latomeio and Volos the standard gauge line follows a different route with an additional halt at Melissiatika. The standard gauge line is physically connected to the Athens-Thessaloniki mainline, allowing OSE to run through services to Volos from Athens and Thessaloniki. Volos station was converted to dual gauge, in order to accommodate trains of the two branches. Parts of the station and the track towards the city center were at this period of a unique triple-gauge system: standard gauge for Larissa trains, metre gauge for Kalambaka trains and 600 mm gauge for Pelion trains.

In 1970 the network was taken over by the new Hellenic Railways Organisation, successor of the Hellenic State Railways.

In 2001 the section between Palaiofarsalos and Kalampaka was converted to standard gauge and physically connected at Palaiofarsalos with the mainline from Athens to Thessaloniki. Volos station was converted to exclusively standard gauge.[3] The section to the city centre was abandoned and covered with asphalt. The remaining metre gauge section (Volos-Velestino-Palaiofarsalos) was closed in 1999.

Freight traffic declined sharply when the state-imposed monopoly of OSE for the transport of agricultural products and fertilizers ended in the early 1990s. Many small stations of the network with little passenger traffic were closed down, especially on the mainline section and between Karditsa and Kalampaka. However, travel times improved and the unification of rail gauge allowed direct services, even InterCity services, to link Volos and Kalambaka with Athens and Thessaloniki.

Recently (August 2009) TrainOSE S.A. proceeded to a drastic cutback of passenger services on Thessaly lines.[4] There are only six local trains on each direction on Larissa-Volos line and just four on Palaiofarsalos-Kalambaka. In addition, there is one train from Athens to Kalambana and back (884/885) and one InterCity train from Athens to Volos and back (IC40/IC41).

The mainline of Thessaly was electrified and some services are now using HellasSprinter electric locomotives and Desiro EMUs. There are proposals to electrify the branch lines as well, in order to allow through services from Volos and Kalampaka to Thessaloniki.

Preservation

A 1937 vintage DMU for an EMOS special at Velestinon (2009)

When the Hellenic Railways Organisation converted the section Palaiofarsalos-Kalambaka to standard gauge as a branch of the mainline, the metre gauge section from Velestino to Palaiofarsalos was cut off. This section is maintained by the Museum Railways Company or EMOS (Greek: Εταιρεία Μουσειακών Σιδηροδρόμων or ΕΜΟΣ). EMOS operates on this section a former SPAP Linke-Hofmann DMU, usually between Velestino and Aerino.

EMOS preserves a variety of rolling stock owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation under long term loan. Most significant is a vintage Linke-Hofmann DMU-2 (1937), formerly of Piraeus, Athens and Peloponnese Railways. They also have a Nippon Sharyo diesel locomotive, formerly of the Aliveri Coalmines of the Public Power Corporation and there are plans to restore a Jung steam locomotive in storage at Volos.

In addition, the old single line passing through Tempi Valley, which was cut off from the mainline when new tunnels were constructed, is used as a tourist attraction with light railway vehicles.

See also

References

  1. ↑ I. Zartaloudis, D. Karatolos, D. Koutelidis, G. Nathenas, S. Fasoulas, A. Filippoupolitis, A. (1997). Οι Ελληνικοί Σιδηρόδρομοι (Hellenic Railways) (in Greek). Μίλητος (Militos). p. 263. ISBN 960-8460-07-7. 
  2. ↑
    • Simms, W.F. (1997). The railways of Greece. Wilfried F. Sims. ISBN 0-9528881-1-4. 
  3. ↑ One service track, the one close to the workshop area, remains in metre gauge and it is still physically connected to the metre gauge line to Velestinon.
  4. ↑ TrainOSE S.A. "Timetables 1 August 2009", Tables 4A/B, 5A/B

Further reading

Date stamp of Karditsa station.
  • I. Zartaloudis, D. Karatolos, D. Koutelidis, G. Nathenas, S. Fasoulas, A. Filippoupolitis, A. (1997). Οι Ελληνικοί Σιδηρόδρομοι (Hellenic Railways) (in Greek). Μίλητος (Militos). pp. 244–263. ISBN 960-8460-07-7. 
  • Simms, W.F. (1997). The railways of Greece. Wilfried F. Sims. ISBN 0-9528881-1-4. 
  • Voyageur (Anonymous) (February 1941). "The Railways of Greece". The Railway Magazine (London, UK: Railway Publications) 87 (524): 64. 
  • Organ, J. (2006). Greece Narrow Gauge. Middleton Press. ISBN 1-904474-72-1. 
  • Hans-Bernhard Schönborn (1997). Edition Ergasias, ed. Schmalspurbahnen in Griechenland (Peloponnes und Thessalien) (in German). ISBN 3-909221-32-7. 
  • J.D.H. Smith (2011). "Thessalian Railway steam locomotives". Retrieved 2011-02-14. 
  • Thessaly Museum Railway: Web site of EMOS.
  • James Waite. "The Railways of Volos". The International Steam Pages. Retrieved 2010-09-21. 
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