| Thaumarchaeota |
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| Scientific classification |
| Domain: |
Archaea |
| Kingdom: |
"Crenarchaeota" or incertae sedis |
| Phylum: |
"Thaumarchaeota" Brochier-Armanet et al. 2008 |
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| Order |
- "Candidatus Caldiarchaeum" Nunoura et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Caldiarchaeum subterraneum" Nunoura et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Giganthauma" Muller et al. 2010
- "Candidatus Giganthauma insulaporcus" Muller et al. 2010
- "Candidatus Giganthauma karukerense" Muller et al. 2010
- "Candidatus Nitrosotalea" Lehtovirta 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrosotalea devanaterra" Lehtovirta 2011
- Cenarchaeales Cavalier-Smith 2002
- "Nitrososphaerales" Tourna et al. 2011
- "Nitrososphaeraceae" Tourna et al. 2011
- Nitrososphaera ♠ Tourna et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis" Hatzenpichler et al. 2008
- Nitrososphaera viennensis ♠ Tourna et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrosopumilales" Konneke et al. 2005
- "Candidatus Nitrosopumilaceae" Konneke et al. 2005
- "Candidatus Nitrosoarchaeum" Blainey et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrosoarchaeum koreensis" Kim et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrosoarchaeum limnia" Blainey et al. 2011
- "Candidatus Nitrosopumilus" Konneke et al. 2005
- "Candidatus Nitrosopumilus salaria" Mosier et al. 2012
- "Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus" Konneke et al. 2005
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The Thaumarchaeota (from the Greek 'thaumas', meaning wonder) are a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum was sequenced and found to differ significantly from other members of the hyperthermophilic phylum Crenarchaeota.[1][2] Three known species in addition to C. symbosium are Nitrosopumilus maritimus, Nitrososphaera viennensis, and Nitrososphaera gargensis.[2] All organisms of this lineage thus far identified are chemolithoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizers and may play important roles in biogeochemical cycles, such as the nitrogen cycle and the carbon cycle.
The phylum was proposed in 2008 based on phylogenetic data, such as the sequences of these organisms' ribosomal RNA genes, and the presence of a form of type I topoisomerase that was previously thought to be unique to the eukaryotes.[2][3] This assignment was confirmed by further analysis published in 2010 that examined the genomes of the ammonia-oxidizing archaea Nitrosopumilus maritimus and Nitrososphaera gargensis, concluding that these species form a distinct lineage that includes Cenarchaeum symbiosum, which was the first member of the Thaumarchaeota to be described.[4]
References
- ↑ Tourna, Maria; Stieglmeier, Michaela; Spang, Anja; Könneke, Martin; Schintlmeister, Arno; Urich, Tim; Engel, Marion; Schloter, Michael; Wagner, Michael (2011). "Nitrososphaera viennensis, an ammonia oxidizing archaeon from soil". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108 (20): 8420–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.1013488108. PMC 3100973. PMID 21525411.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Brochier-Armanet, Céline; Boussau, Bastien; Gribaldo, Simonetta; Forterre, Patrick (2008). "Mesophilic crenarchaeota: Proposal for a third archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota". Nature Reviews Microbiology 6 (3): 245–52. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1852. PMID 18274537.
- ↑ Brochier-Armanet, Céline; Gribaldo, Simonetta; Forterre, Patrick (2008). "A DNA topoisomerase IB in Thaumarchaeota testifies for the presence of this enzyme in the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eucarya". Biology Direct 3: 54. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-3-54. PMC 2621148. PMID 19105819.
- ↑ Spang, Anja; Hatzenpichler, Roland; Brochier-Armanet, Céline; Rattei, Thomas; Tischler, Patrick; Spieck, Eva; Streit, Wolfgang; Stahl, David A.; Wagner, Michael (2010). "Distinct gene set in two different lineages of ammonia-oxidizing archaea supports the phylum Thaumarchaeota". Trends in Microbiology 18 (8): 331–40. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2010.06.003. PMID 20598889.