Terney
Coordinates: 45°02′N 136°36′E / 45.033°N 136.600°E
Terney (Russian: Терне́й) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Terneysky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the coast of the Sea of Japan on a small bay of the same name. Population: 3,590 (2010 Census);[1] 3,971 (2002 Census);[2] 4,508 (1989 Census).[3]
History
The bay on which Terney is located was discovered on June 23, 1787 by Jean-François de La Pérouse on his way from Manila to Avacha Bay along the coast of what he called "the Tartary of the Manchus" (la Tartarie de Mantcheoux) and named, in French, Baie de Ternai. It was here that the French explorers became convinced that the coast visited by Maarten Gerritsz Vries in the Castricum in 1643 (i.e., in fact, the east coast of Hokkaido and Sakhalin) was not the mainland, since they French were now at the same latitude as the Dutch had been a century and a half before, but the location looked entirely different. La Perouse's sailors were impressed with good fishing in the area. They explored the area around the bay, but did not see any live residents. They did, however, find a native grave, and upon opening it saw that the dead wore clothes made of Chinese fabrics and decorated with Chinese coins, which indicated that the local tribes had some commerce with the Chinese or Manchu.[4]
The present Russian settlement was founded in September 1908.
Climate
Terney has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb/Dwb), almost cold enough to be a subarctic climate (Dfc), which is most unusual for a place so far south and is due to the influence of the cold Oyashio Current which not only makes summers up to 6 °C (11 °F) cooler than in Harbin but also causes a marked seasonal lag, so the September is on average warmer than June. Despite the fairly heavy rainfall due to orographic influences from mountains near the Pacific, Terney is much sunnier than nearby localities on the Sakhalin Island.
| Climate data for Terney | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 3.9 (39) |
8.9 (48) |
13.9 (57) |
23.9 (75) |
30.0 (86) |
32.2 (90) |
37.8 (100) |
33.9 (93) |
30.0 (86) |
23.9 (75) |
16.1 (61) |
8.9 (48) |
37.8 (100) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −8.9 (16) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
0.6 (33.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
10.6 (51.1) |
13.9 (57) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.1 (70) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.8 (55) |
2.8 (37) |
−5 (23) |
7.2 (45) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −13.3 (8.1) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.7 (44.1) |
10.8 (51.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
17.8 (64) |
13.6 (56.5) |
7.2 (45) |
−2.2 (28) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
3.0 (37.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −17.8 (0) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−8.9 (16) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
2.8 (37) |
7.8 (46) |
12.8 (55) |
14.4 (57.9) |
8.9 (48) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−7.2 (19) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −33.9 (−29) |
−30 (−22) |
−27.2 (−17) |
−12.8 (9) |
−5 (23) |
−1.1 (30) |
3.9 (39) |
2.2 (36) |
−7.2 (19) |
−10 (14) |
−22.2 (−8) |
−33.9 (−29) |
−33.9 (−29) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 19.1 (0.752) |
22.5 (0.886) |
27.0 (1.063) |
58.2 (2.291) |
76.4 (3.008) |
92.5 (3.642) |
112.2 (4.417) |
133.8 (5.268) |
135.3 (5.327) |
67.4 (2.654) |
50.5 (1.988) |
23.4 (0.921) |
818.3 (32.217) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 2.3 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 72 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 176.7 | 189.2 | 217.0 | 198.0 | 192.2 | 159.0 | 151.9 | 167.4 | 201.0 | 213.9 | 174.0 | 170.5 | 2,210.8 |
| Source #1: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial (temperatures)[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: HKO (rainfall and sunshine)[6] | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ La Pérouse, Jean François de Galaup, comte de (1831), de Lesseps, Jean Baptiste, ed., Voyage de Lapérouse, rédigé d'après ses manuscrits, suivi d'un appendice renfermant tout ce que l'on a découvert depuis le naufrage, et enrichi de notes par m. de Lesseps, pp. 249, 252–257
- ↑ "Russia-Terney". Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial.
- ↑ "Climatological Information for Ternej, Russia". Hong Kong Observatory.
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