Tehrik-e-Jafaria

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The Tehrik-e-Jafaria, Pakistan (TJP) (Urdu: تحریکِ جعفریہ‎, lit. Shia Movement ) also called Tehrik-e-Islami is a Shia political party in Pakistan. It was formed in 1979 with the name Tehrik-e-Nafaz-e-Fiqah-e-Jafaria (تحریکِ نفاذِ فقہ جعفریہ, lit. Shia-law implementation movement) as result of enforcement of controversial Islamic laws and politicization and discrimination against Shias in Pakistan Army and Civil Service.

Islam was the basic ideology of Pakistan. By deviating this ideology a conspiracy was made to make Pakistan a sectarian state in the period of Zia-ul-haq, a dictator. At this stage the formation of Tehreek-e- Nafaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafariya was deemed necessary for the failure of this conspiracy, which was linked to that International conspiracy.[citation needed]

Since then TJP has been led by Sajid Ali Naqvi.[1]

Its creation coincided with the enforcement of controversial Islamic laws by the military ruler of Pakistan, General Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq. The Islamic revolution in predominantly Shia Iran around the same time gave an added boost to the organisation. Its leader, Allama Arif Hussain al-Hussaini was a student of the leader of Iran's Islamic Revolution, Ayatollah Khomeini.[2]

History

It was formerly known as Tehrik-e Nefaz-e Fiqh-e Jafria. Allama Arif Hussain al-Hussaini, a student of Ayatollah Khomeini who led the Iranian Revolution, was the group's leader.[2]

It is the second group that split off from Shi'ite leader Agha Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi's TNFJ Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria, Agha Moosavi led the shia nation after the death of Allama Mufti Jaffer. In Dec 1983 a delegation led by Allama Sajid Ali Naqvi and renowned shia scholars, zakereen, elites requested Agha Moosavi to accept leadership of Tehrik-e-Nafaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafariya(TNFJ). And Finally a large gathering comprising hundreds of thousands of Pakistani shiites held at Dina (Jhelum) on 9-10 February 1984 endorsed the leadership of Agha Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi Al-najafi. He got the title of 'Quaid-e-Millat-e-Jafariya'. Meanwhile Allama Arif Al-Hussani split the TNFJ and become the head of second group and continues to function under the old name of TNFJ. Later Arif Al-Hussani change the name of TNFJ in to Tahreek e Jaffriya (TJP). TJP founder Arif Hussain Hussaini was assassinated in 1988 by unknown attackers.


The main objective of this party, banned two times by President Pervez Musharraf's government, is to protect Shias rights and give them a voice in Parliament, they do not advocate a Shia state and have cordial relations with Sunni which is why they joined coalition of Religious political parties Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal that won 53 out of 272 elected members in legislative elections held on 20 October 2002.

Following the death of Zia-ul-Haq, support for Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan fell as Pakistani Shias went back to pre-Zia-ul-haq political loyalties, with many no longer feeling under threat. Furthermore the election of moderate Benazir Bhutto also gave increased confidence to Shias they were no longer under threat and discrimination ended.

On January 12, 2002, Tehrik-e-Jafria was one of four militant organizations banned by the government of Pakistan.[3]

Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (TJP) was banned two times by President Pervez Musharraf's government. In January 2002 President Musharraf arrested leaders of banned terrorist groups, but their subsequent release, and the continued operation of these groups under new names did not place effective curbs on the operation of these groups and connected individuals.[citation needed]

Qazi Hussain Ahmad, a senior member of Parliament and the leader of Jamaat-e-Islami, Pakistan's oldest Islamist party, says the banned groups have no ties to militants. He notes that one organization is part of the Muttahida Majlis-e Amal, the major opposition alliance of religious parties, which also includes Mr. Ahmed's group. "As far as Tehrik-e Islami is concerned," said Mr. Ahmed, "it is a part of MMA, and it is a political organization, it is not a militant organization."

It was part of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition of Islamist political parties that won 11.3 of the popular vote and 53 out of 272 elected members in the legislative elections held on 20 October 2002. In May 2008 it was reported that Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Amir Qazi Hussain Ahmed was considering heading the six-party Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA). Qazi Hussain Ahmed said that he would consider rejoining MMA after consulting with the executive council of his party and some other seniors. Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F) chief Fazlur Rehman had tasked Mir and Allama Sajid Naqvi of Tehreek-e-Jafria Pakistan (TJP) with contacting Qazi Hussain Ahmed and bringing him round to rejoining the alliance.

The Shia political party Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (TJP), also known as the Tehrik-e-Islami, should not be confused with a short-lived outfit named Tehrik-e-Islami that was one of three groups of Pakistani Taliban operating during 2008 in Darra Adamkhel, a semi-tribal area known officially as the Frontier Region of Kohat. The Tehrik-e-Islami and the Islami Taliban became active in the area in mid-2007. The former was founded by a local Afridi tribesman named Muneer Khan, while the Islami Taliban was founded by Momin Afridi. The groups later merged and became part of the TTP. Both leaders were killed in a military operation in the area in 2008.[4]

2011 banning

Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan (TJP) was banned again on 5 November 2011 whereas it was banned two times before by President Pervez Musharraf's government. Increased attacks on Shias since 2005 from the Pakistan Taliban, Sipah-e-Sahaba, Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jundullah and Jaish-e-Mohammed,[5]

References

  1. ↑ Qazi mulls rejoining MMA Daily Times, March 3, 2008
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Pakistan's militant Islamic groups". BBC News. January 13, 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-09. 
  3. ↑ "Pakistan: International Religious Freedom Report 2002". Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. United States Department of State. January 13, 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-09. 
  4. ↑ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/pakistan/tjp.htm.  Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2009/04/suicide_bomber_kills_9.php.  Missing or empty |title= (help)
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