Tchoukball

Symbol of Tchoukball

Tchoukball match in progress.

Tchoukball match in progress.

Tchoukball /tʃuːkbɔːl/ is an indoor team sport developed in the 1970s by Swiss biologist Hermann Brandt.

The sport is usually played on an indoor court measuring 27 metres by 16 metres. At each end there is a 'frame' (a device similar to a trampoline off which the ball bounces) which measures one square metre and a semicircular D-shaped forbidden zone measuring three metres in radius. Each team can score on both ends on the field, and comprises twelve players, of which seven may be on the court at any one time. In order to score a point, the ball must be thrown by an attacking player, hit the frame and bounce outside the 'D' without being caught by the defending team. Physical contact is prohibited, and defenders may not attempt to intercept the attacking team's passes. Players may take three steps with the ball, hold the ball for a maximum of three seconds, and teams may not pass the ball more than three times before shooting at the frame.

Tchoukball has become an international sport, played in Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Great Britain, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Macau, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the United States. It is governed by the Féderation Internationale de Tchoukball (FITB, founded in 1971). Taiwan hosted the 2004 World Championships and won both the women's and junior championships, with the Swiss men winning the men's championship. The 2006 European Championships were held in Switzerland, with Great Britain taking both the Men's and Under-18's titles, while the hosts won the Women's event.

History

Tchoukball was created in Switzerland by Hermann Brandt, who was concerned by the numerous serious injuries among athletes resulting from sports prone to aggression and physical contact. He believed that sports should not only form champions, but also contribute to the creation of a better and more humane society.^[1] He designed tchoukball to contain elements of handball (it is played with hands, and the balls used are similar), volleyball (as the defending team must prevent the ball from falling) and squash (since there is a bounce).

Basic Rules

Court

• The court size is that is generally used is 27mx16m. However, there are variations to this such as in beach tchoukball where a court size of 21mx12m is used.
• One rebound frame is placed at each end of the field of play
• In front of each frame, a D shaped semi-circle measuring 3m in radius must be drawn; it defines the limits of the 'forbidden zone'
• The lines of the zones are considered part of the zone itself, e.g. the line marking the semicircle forbidden zone is considered part of the forbidden zone, while the line around the entire court is considered a part of the court

Ball

Depending on the category of players (Men/Women/U18/U15/u12), different sizes of balls are used ranging from a circumference of 54 cm to 60 cm and weighs between 325 grams to 475 grams.

Scoring

Two teams of 7 players each (men or women) compete to score points with the team with the most points at the end winning the game. When a team gains a point, control of the ball is transferred to the other team.

• In tchoukball either team can score at either end of the court.
• A point is scored when the ball rebounds after hitting either of the 2 frames and touches the ground outside the forbidden zone, any part of the defending player's body below the knees or touches the defending player while he is still in the forbidden zone
• A point is given to the non-attacking team when the attacking team shoots and misses the frame, or the ball rebounds outside the playing area (either out of the court or in the forbidden zone).
• If a shot is caught by the defending team, the defending team can proceed to attack immediately

Positions

Each team comprises the following positions:

• 2 right shooters
• 2 left shooters
• 2 Defenders
• 1 centre pivot

Each side of the court comprises a left shooter, right shooter and an inner, while the centre pivot usually stays near the middle of the court. The shooters are generally in charge of shooting although in some cases the inner can also take the shot. The inners are in charge of coordinating the first line defence while the centre pivot takes charge of the second line defence. However other formations include not using a centre pivot, the team would bypass the centre and throw full length court passes directly to the shooters/inners. This gives an extra first line defender or a dedicated second line defender.

Playing the game

• The player can take 3 steps and is not allowed to bounce the ball on the ground between these steps.
• The attacking team cannot make more than 3 passes before shooting
• When a pass is dropped or not completed (i.e. the ball touches the ground), the other team gets possession
• The defending team cannot hamper the attacking one
• Touching the ball with one’s feet or legs below the knee is forbidden

International Tchoukball Federation (FITB)

The FITB, founded in 1971, is based in Geneva. It now comprises 13 member associations and 22 affiliated associations. It supports and advises national associations and individuals willing to implant tchoukball in new areas. For instance, tchoukball was recently integrated in the school program of some regions of Senegal. The FITB will be integrated in the 2009 World Games, which will take place in Kaohsiung (Taiwan).

International Competitions^[2]

Year	Competition	Host Nation	Men Winners	Women Winners	M-18 Men Winners	M-18 Women Winners
1984	World Tchoukball Championships	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China	Switzerland	Not Held
1987	World Tchoukball Championships	Switzerland	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
1989	World Game Tchoukball Championships	Germany	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
1990	World Tchoukball Championships	United Kingdom	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2000	World Tchoukball Championships	Switzerland	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2002	World Tchoukball Championships	United Kingdom	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2003	European Tchoukball Championships	Rimini	Switzerland	Switzerland	Not Held	Not Held
2003	Asian Tchoukball Championships	India	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2004	World Tchoukball Championships	Republic of China	Switzerland	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2005	World Beach Tchoukball Championships	Switzerland	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China	Switzerland
2006	European Tchoukball Championships	Macolin	United Kingdom	Switzerland	United Kingdom	Not Held
2006	Asian Tchoukball Championships	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2006	South American Tchoukball Championships	Argentina	Brazil	Brazil	Not Held	Not Held
2008	Asian Tchoukball Championships	Hong Kong	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2008	European Tchoukball Championships	Ústí nad Labem	Switzerland	Switzerland	Switzerland	Not Held
2008	South American Tchoukball Championships	Argentina	Brazil	Brazil	Not Held	Not Held
2009	World Games	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not Held	Not Held
2010	Asia-Pacific Tchoukball Championships	Singapore	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China	Republic of China
2010	African Tchoukball Championships	Ghana	Togo	Senegal	Not held	Senegal
2010	South American Tchoukball Championships	Brazil	Brazil	Brazil	Not held	Not held
2010	European Tchoukball Championships	Hereford	Switzerland	Switzerland	Not held	Not held
2011	World Youth Tchoukball Championships	Austria	Not held	Not held	Italy	Republic of China
2011	World Tchoukball Championships	Italy	Republic of China	Republic of China	Not held	Not held
2013	World Youth Tchoukball Championships	Republic of China	Not held	Not held	Republic of China	Republic of China

Other

Tchoukball was chosen as the official sport of the JDC West competition in 2014 in Regina, Canada.

Notes

1. ↑ Brandt, H., Etude scientifique des sports d’équipe, Ed. Roulet, Geneva, 1971)
2. ↑ http://www.fitbcompetitions.org

External links

Associations

• FITB - International Tchoukball Federation - official site