Tatsfield
| Tatsfield | |
 Tatsfield village centre |
|
  Tatsfield Tatsfield shown within Surrey | |
| Area | 13.36 km2 (5.16 sq mi) |
|---|---|
| Population | 1,863 (Civil Parish)[1] |
| - Density | 139 /km2 (360 /sq mi) |
| OS grid reference | TQ4157 |
| - London | 16 miles (26 km) |
| Civil parish | Tatsfield |
| District | Tandridge |
| Shire county | Surrey |
| Region | South East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | WESTERHAM |
| Postcode district | TN16 |
| Dialling code | 01959 |
| Police | Surrey |
| Fire | Surrey |
| Ambulance | South East Coast |
| EU Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | East Surrey |
Tatsfield is a village and civil parish occupying the north-eastern corner of Surrey, bordering Greater London and Kent, with almost all of its homes on the escarpment of the North Downs and many outlying farms. Its local government District is Tandridge.
Geography
The village itself is on the North Downs with its centre near its highest point, at an altitude of around 230 metres (750 ft) north of the ridge of the North Downs where the the North Downs Way passes through the parish. The 'village' area is in a small salient of Surrey nudging into Greater London and the London Borough of Bromley (to the west, north and east). Biggin Hill is immediately to the north. The boundary with Kent is less than 1/2 mile to the east. Tatsfield is covered by the Westerham post town, which gave Tatsfield residents postal addresses once associated with Kent until 1992 when the old postal county names, those relevant to the post towns, became irrelevant in UK postal addresses.
Etymology
The origin of the village name is uncertain. The English Place Name Society suggests it is derived from 'a field or open land belonging to one Tatol' (possibly a nickname meaning the lively one) The word 'field' denotes a clearing in The Weald, a main Anglo-Saxon forest. An alternative explanation is that the earliest community began on the hill with church, manor house and rectory. The name could therefore derive from Totehylefelde – meaning a look-out place in a clearing. The appearance of Tot-hyl in a place name is a reference to a watch hill and quite possibly to the whole system of Anglo-Saxon civil defence involving beacons, watch hill and army roads. Tatsfield appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as Tatelefelle.
History
Tatsfield
In Anglo-Saxon England, Tatsfield lay within Tandridge hundred. In 1086 it was held by Anschitill (Ansketel) de Ros from the Bishop of Bayeux. Its Domesday assets were: ½ hide. It had 2 ploughs. It rendered 60 shillings (£3) to its feudal overlords per year.[2]
During the mid 14th century the manor was held by Rhodri ap Gruffudd, brother of the last native Prince of Wales, and his descendants. Thomas Retherick's heir was his son Owen, also called 'de Gales' (of Wales), who in 1366, during the war with France, left England to join the king's enemies in that country, and before going likewise released all his right in the reversion of the manor to Roger de Stanyngden and his heirs. Thus in 1392 a grant of the manor of Tatsfield, which was alleged to have been long-concealed, was made by the Crown to John Maudelyn.[3]
In 1416–17 John de Stanyngden or Stalkynden conveyed his rights in the manor to John Uvedale. William Uvedale inherited on his father's death in 1616. He conveyed the manor to a later Sir John Gresham (see Gresham baronets), before passing under his nephew, Marmaduke Gresham's will. From his son and co-heir, Sir Isaac Shard acquired it in 1717. 1759 Isaac Pacatus Shard wanted a sale; his heir William put it up for sale with three farms containing 500 acres (200 ha) let at £190 a year and 40 acres (16 ha) of wood. It was acquired via a Mr Butler by the last in the line of Greshams (see Calcotts below). The ancient manor-house, called Tatsfield Court Lodge, stood near the church and was pulled down by this last Baronet, Sir John before his death in 1801, and a new house was built at the foot of the hill, near the Pilgrims' Way.[3]
Calcotts
Calcotts was a capital mansion belonging to the collegiate church of Lingfield at the Dissolution of the monasteries worth £3 6s. 8d a year. On the surrender of its master, Edward Colepeper, LL.D., in 1544, the college and its possessions were granted by the king to Thomas Cawarden, a gentleman of the Privy Chamber. In 1560 its heir sold it to, William Lord Howard of Effingham, who sold it in 1564 to Sir Richard Sackville, kt. The latter died on 20 April 1566 and was succeeded by his son Thomas Sackville, Lord Buckhurst. On 22 June 1575 the latter sold Calcotts with associated Paynters in Westerham to Walter Henley. The Henleys kept it until 1598, when Richard Henley sold it to Thomas Gresham of Limpsfield for £690 (equivalent to £113,152 in 2014) yet reserving to himself land called Eades Croft, on Westmore Green, Tatsfield, which was then in the tenure of Joan Burstow, widow. In 1801 their senior descendant being a daughter, led to its passage to a junior branch of the Leveson-Gowers (not the Dukes of Sutherland) until parted with during the 20th century.[3]
Lovestead
Lovested Down or Lusted was a large estate, with mansion in Cudham, seen in a rental of Titsey dated 19 November 1401, of Merton Priory. At the Dissolution of the monasteries the priory held wood to the value of 4s. a year here. In 1553 Sir John Gresham devised to his son William, after the death of his wife Katherine, "the farm in Surrey and Kent where Steven of Lusted dwelt", for which he paid £10 a year. Sir Marmaduke Gresham, by his will dated 14 January 1696, gave Lusted to his son Charles and daughter Alice Gresham. It was owned in 1891 by Jeremiah Dummett.[3]
Other land
The other land was significantly common land even in 1912[3]
20th century
In 1929, the BBC established its 'Tatsfield Receiving Station' just outside the village in fields in the parish of Titsey, and its masts and shortwave aerials were a prominent local landmark.[4][5] The station closed in 1974 when its work was merged with that of BBC Monitoring's receiving station at Crowsley Park in Berkshire.[6] Some evidence of the derelict remains of the BBC station can still be seen.[7]
On 10 December 1935 a Savoia-Marchetti S.73 of Belgian airline SABENA crashed at Tatsfield, killing all eleven on board. At the time, Britain's worst air crash.
Ancient roads
A number of ancient routes cross the parish. The best studied is the London to Lewes Way west of the village centre. It was constructed about 100 AD between the mentioned towns/settlements 44 miles (71 km). (Part of this Roman road forms the county boundary here, with Greater London to its east and another part of Surrey to the west.) One other trackway appears also to be of importance: this is the Biggin Hill to Titsey route, which is straight in places, and as is pointed out in the Victoria County History (1912) provides a direct connection between the Roman road at the entrance to the village and the two villa sites in Titsey Park.[3]
Transport
No railway lines or dual carriageways run through the hilltop district. The nearest railway stations are at Oxted and Woldingham. Buses are operated by Metrobus for Transport for London and by Southdown on behalf of Surrey County Council.
Amenities
There are two shops, the Bakery restaurant, the Old Ship pub, and the Tatsfield Village Club. St. Mary's church, which for many years has played host to a dual congregation of Roman Catholics and Anglicans, sits atop the North Downs. The Village Hall is the focal point for a number of clubs and societies.
The village school moved to a new site next to the Village Hall in 2010.
A tourist attraction is Beaver Water World, a zoo which in addition to beavers exhibits reptiles and birds. Until its death in 2006, the most famous of these cold-blooded residents was an alligator called Big Boy, which appeared in the James Bond film Live and Let Die.
Twin town
Tatsfield is twinned with Vern-d'Anjou in France.
Demography and housing
The 2011 census figures for Tatsfield were also coupled with Titsey, but the 2013 Tatsfield Appraisal examined the figures in great detail. Just one of the six output areas for the Tatsfield and Titsey ward covered Titsey parish, so it was possible to calculate figures for the Tatsfield part of that area more confidently than using the previous census.[8]
The civil parish's appraisal report, published in 2014, showed an inclusion of a varying number of homes depending on approximated civil boundaries used in the following statistics:
| Record | Homes (2013) | Homes (2003 or as stated) |
|---|---|---|
| UK Census | 727 (2011) | |
| Council Tax records | 737 | 694 |
| Parish Magazine past/present delivery addresses | 737 | 683 |
| Electoral register | 682 | 644 in 2001, 671 in 1999 |
The parish council therefore counts 737 homes in Tatsfield its report and notes that no homes have been demolished since 2011 so at least 10 dwellings have been added to Tatsfield since the census date in 2011.[8]
Using the the tax records the number of dwellings has grown by approximately 6% (2003-2013). The population of the village, derived from the 2011 census, and adjusted for the additional 10 houses is a published estimate of 1,787 (2013). The male/female proportions are approximately equal. Average household size has decreased over the past 20 years although on average the Tatsfield household is larger than in the rest of England.[8]
Historic figures
When combined with wholly rural Titsey (almost inextricably) the 2001 census counted 1,816 residents distributed over 691 households.[1] in Tatsfield and Titsey, one of the wards of the United Kingdom.
Notable people
- Donald Maclean a British diplomat who defected to Russia in May 1951
- Rev Thomas Streatfeild Antiquarian
- John Surtees, former Grand Prix motorcyclist
- Jay Aston, member of 80s pop group Bucks Fizz
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Key Statistics; Quick Statistics: Population Density United Kingdom Census 2011 Office for National Statistics Retrieved 21 November 2013
- ↑ Surrey Domesday Book
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 H.E. Malden (editor) (1912). "Parishes: Tatsfield". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 8 November 2012.
- ↑ "The BBC Engineering Measurement and Receiving Station at Tatsfield" Recollections of BBC engineering from 1922 to 1997
- ↑ "The BBC Engineering Measurement and Receiving Station at Tatsfield" BBC Engineering Information Department pamphlet, 1961
- ↑ Information relating to the Tatsfield Monitoring Station BBC response to Freedom of Information request, January 2010
- ↑ Derelict Places Tatsfield Monitoring Station
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Tatsfield parish council Retrieved 2013-12-31
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tatsfield. |
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