Tatra 87
Tatra 87 | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Tatra |
Production |
1936–1950 3,056 produced[1] |
Assembly | Kopřivnice, Moravia, Czechoslovakia |
Designer |
Hans Ledwinka Erich Übelacker |
Body and chassis | |
Class | Sedan 5-seater |
Body style | limousine (Finned Fastback) |
Layout | RR layout |
Powertrain | |
Engine | 2969 cc V8 OHC[2] |
Transmission | 4-speed manual[1] (3 and 4 synchronized) |
Dimensions | |
Wheelbase | 2,850 mm (112.2 in)[3] |
Length | 4,740 mm (186.6 in)[4] |
Width | 1,670 mm (65.7 in)[4] |
Height | 1,500 mm (59.1 in)[4] |
Curb weight | 1,370 kg (3,020 lb)[3] |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | Tatra 77A |
Successor | Tatra 603 |
The Tatra 87 was a car built by Czechoslovak manufacturer Tatra. It was praised by German officers in World War II for the superior speed and handling it offered for use on the Autobahn. It was powered by a rear-mounted 2.9-litre air-cooled 90-degree overhead cam V8 engine that produced 85 horsepower and could drive the car at nearly 100 mph (160 km/h). It is ranked among the fastest production cars of its time, competing cars in this class, however, used engines with almost twice the volume, and fuel consumption of 20 liters per 100 km (11.8 mpg). Thanks to aerodynamic shape it has a consumption of just 12.5 liters per 100 km (18.8 mpg). The Nazi armaments and munitions minister Fritz Todt declared: "This 87 is the Autobahn car ..." After the war between 1950 and 1953 T87s were fitted with more modern 2.5-litre V8 T603 engines.[5]
Design
The Tatra 87 has a unique bodywork. Its streamlined shape was designed by Hans Ledwinka and Erich Übelacker, and was based on the Tatra 77, the first car designed for aerodynamic purposes.[1] The body design was based on proposals submitted by Paul Jaray of Hungarian descent, who designed the famous German Graf Zeppelin dirigibles. A fin in the sloping rear of the Tatra helps to divide the air pressure on both sides of the car, a technique used in later aircraft. Tatra T87 had a drag coefficient of 0.36 as tested in the VW tunnel in 1979 as well as reading of 0.244 for a 1:5 model tested in 1941.[6]
Small sets of windows in the dividers between the passenger, luggage space and engine compartments, plus louvers providing air for the air-cooled engine, allowed limited rear visibility. Its entire rear segment could be opened, to service the engine. The front doors are "suicide doors" (i.e, rear-hinged doors), whereas the rear doors open in an orthodox manner.
Many design elements of the Tatra 87, Tatra V570 and the later T97 were copied by later car manufacturers. Ferdinand Porsche was heavily influenced by the Tatra 87 and T97 and the flat-four-cylinder engine in his design of the Volkswagen Beetle, and was subsequently sued by Tatra.
The price new (in 1940s) was 25,000 SFr.[2] Price today is around $125,000.[7] A 1941 Tatra T87, owned and restored by Paul Greenstein and Dydia DeLyser of Los Angeles California, won a New York Times reader's poll of collector's cars in 2010, beating strong competition from 651 cars.[8]
Examples on display
- A T87 is on display in the United States at the Lane Motor Museum in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The museum displays 13 Tatra, including a 613 ambulance. It was this car, used to pick up comedian Jay Leno from the airport, that prompted him to purchase one as well, and become an advocate for the brand.
- A 1948-built silver T87 is exhibited at the Minneapolis Institute of Arts in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Notable owners
Streamlined Tatras
- Tatra V570 1931, 1933
- Tatra 77 1933-1938
- Tatra 87 1936-1950
- Tatra 97 1936-1939
- Tatra 600 Tatraplan 1946-1952
- Tatra 603 1956-1975
- Hans Ledwinka - the Tatra constructer (when pensioned he got one as a gift from Felix Wankel. This car is now on display in the Deutsches Museum in Munich)
- Eliška Junková - one of the greatest female drivers in Grand Prix motor racing history
- Ernst Heinkel - German Nazi aircraft designer, whose company produced the world's first turbojet aircraft and jet plane, as well as the first rocket aircraft
- Felix Wankel - German engineer, inventor of the Wankel engine
- Emil František Burian - Czech poet, journalist, singer, actor, musician, composer, dramatic adviser, playwright and director
- Vítězslav Nezval - one of the most prolific avant-garde Czech writers in the first half of the twentieth century and a co-founder of the Surrealist movement in Czechoslovakia
- Erwin Rommel - German General and Field Marshal of World War II (used also Tatra's Czech competitor, Škoda Superb, in the field)
- Andrey Yeryomenko - Soviet General and Field Marshal of World War II (received the first T87 manufactured after WW2 as a present, this car is now on display in the Tatra museum)
- John Steinbeck - American writer
- Farouk I of Egypt - the tenth ruler from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty and the penultimate King of Egypt and Sudan
- Josef Beran - Czech Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Prague
- Edvard Beneš - a leader of the Czechoslovak independence movement, Minister of Foreign Affairs and the second President of Czechoslovakia
- Antonín Zápotocký, Klement Gottwald - communist leaders, presidents of Czechoslovakia after the 1948 coup d'état
- Jay Leno - an American stand-up comedian and television host
- Norman Foster - a British architect
[4]
See also
- Volkswagen controversy
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "1948 Tatra 87". conceptcarz.com. Retrieved 2008-03-12.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "1947 TATRA 87 SALOON". Lane Motor Museum.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Tatra 87". tatraportal.sk. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Tatra 87". aerotatra.czweb.org. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- ↑ Karel Rosenkranz, 100 Years of Tatra Passenger Cars, Motormedia 1998
- ↑ Ralf J. F. Kieselbach, Stromlinienautos in Europa und USA, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, page 19
- ↑ Tori Tellem (2010-07-23). "Collectible Car of the Year: Votes Are In, and the Fin Has Won". New York Times. Retrieved 2011-08-22.
- ↑ "1941 Tatra T 87". The New York Times. 2010-07-25.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tatra 87. |
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