Tatra 111

Tatra T111
Overview
Manufacturer	Tatra NP
Production	1942-1962
Designer	Hans Ledwinka
Body and chassis
Class	Heavy Truck
Body style	Conventional
Powertrain
Engine	See below
Transmission	4-speed manual x 2-speed transfer case
Chronology
Predecessor	Tatra T81
Successor	Tatra T138

Engine V910
Overview
Manufacturer	Tatra
Also called	V910
Combustion chamber
Displacement	14.8 Litre
Cylinder bore	110 mm (4.3 in)
Piston stroke	130 mm (5.1 in)
Cylinder block alloy	Cast Iron
Valvetrain	OHV
Compression ratio	16.5:1
Combustion
Fuel system	Direct injection 2x inline injection pumps 6 elements each
Fuel type	Diesel
Cooling system	Air-cooled
Output
Power output	180–210 hp (132.5 kW-158kW) @ 1800–2250 rpm
Torque output	726 N·m (535 ft·lbf) @ 1400–1600 rpm

The Tatra T111 was a truck produced in Czechoslovakia by the Tatra company.

History

The T111 was developed and manufactured during World War II as a heavy truck for use by the Wehrmacht. Production started in 1942 and continued for twenty years, ending in 1962 when it was replaced by the Tatra T138. Despite being built for the Nazi war machine, the vehicle ultimately played an important role after the war ended. The Tatra T111 contributed significantly to the rebuilding effort during the postwar era, mainly in Eastern Europe and the USSR. To its chief designer, however, it brought charges of treason and collaboration with the Nazi regime after the communist takeover of Czechoslovakia and contributed to the imprisonment of Tatra's design guru Hans Ledwinka.

Design and technology

The design was based on the proven Tatra concept of a backbone tube chassis construction with swing half axles, a modular gearbox and differential assemblies. The main advantages of the central load carrying backbone tube are its high torsion and bend strength, which protects the truck body against load stresses. The secondary advantage is that it houses all important parts of the drivetrain. Due to its torsional stiffness and use of differentials locks the vehicle had exceptional offroad capabilities. Of note was the ability to use a cranking handle to start the engine.

Engine

Model V910 - the first Tatra air-cooled powerplant V12 75-degree V developed from Tatra V850 engine intended for use in Tatra 103 (Sd Kfz. 234 Puma).The engines had power output of 210 horsepower at 2250 RPM mainly for war use (An average life expectancy during combat for Wehrmacht was 6 hours.) which was later reduced to 180 hp at 1800 rpm to increase reliability. The engine has three camshafts and originally was cooled off by two covered chain-driven cooling fans and later was the belt drive being used (marked T111A).

Chassis

Central backbone tube, front and rear axles with independent swing half axles. Front axle suspended on quarter elliptic leaf springs, rear axles suspended on half elliptic longitunal leaf spring. The service brakes were air all-round drums, parking brake had mechanical actuation on the rear end of backbone tube output shaft via a rotating drum.

• Front track = 2,080 mm (81.9 in)
• Rear track = 1,800 mm (70.9 in)
• Wheelbase = 4,175 mm (164.4 in)+1,200 mm (47.2 in)
• Road clearance = 300 mm (11.8 in)

Transmission

• Drive - 6x6 Selectable front wheels drive
• Main gearbox - 4+1 (1 and 2 gears synchronized)
  • gear ratios - 5.29, 2.78, 1.62, 1.00, R 5.91
    • Auxiliary gearbox - 2-speed
      • gear ratios - offroad - 4.52, highway - 1.82
• Differentials - ratio 3.19
• Clutch - 2x plate, dry

Bodywork

The cab originally used wood for its construction due to strategic unavailability of steel during the war, in later years the wooden frame was steel plated and the last models used an all-steel cabin. The vehicle was capable of a top speed of approximately 65 km/h (40 mph). The maximum cargo capacity was 10.3 tonnes and it had the ability to tow up to 22 tonnes trailer.

T111 army tanker

Production

The Tatra T111 was in production for 20 years, with a total of approximately 34,000 units made. The T111 engine was widely used in the variety of other vehicles such as a heavy tractor T141, a railway car M 131, airport tugs and pontoon bridges used by the army. The engine was also "halved" to create an inline 6-cylinder version for the Praga V3s 6x6 light utility military truck and civilian Praga S5T light truck. Based on the T111 V12 engine was created V8 version for the T128 4x4 truck for the Czech Army, designed mostly from the T111 parts. T111 main product range was in flatbed, tipper, tanker and crane configuration.

• Models

Legacy

The Tatra T111 exploits at Siberia had earned its reputation, and its legendary reliability contributed to its iconic status among those who had driven and lived in those conditions. The T111 concept and technology continued its evolution in following years with a successful line of Tatra truck models.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tatra 111.

• Tatra a.s.