Tanimachi Line

Tanimachi Line
Tanimachi Line 30000 series train at Yao Depot, September 2009
Overview
Type	Rapid transit
System	Osaka Municipal Subway
Locale	Osaka
Stations	26
Line number	2
Operation
Opening	March 24, 1967
Owner	Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau
Depot(s)	Dainichi, Yao
Rolling stock	22 series, 30000 series
Technical
Line length	28.1 km (17.5 mi)
Track length	28.3 km (17.6 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Electrification	750 V DC, third rail
Operating speed	70 km/h (43 mph)

Route map
Legend Upper numbers are actual distance, lower are fare distance Osaka Monorail Main Line 0.0 T11 Dainichi Dainichi Depot 1.8 T12 Moriguchi Imazatosuji Line 3.0 T13 Taishibashi-ImaichiI14 4.0 T14 Senbayashi-Ōmiya 5.1 T15 Sekime-Takadono 5.9 T16 Noe-Uchindai 7.2 T17 Miyakojima 8.5 T18 Tenjimbashisuji RokuchōmeK11 ←Hankyu Senri Line Sakaisuji Line Hanshin Kita-Osaka Line 9.3 T19 Nakazakichō Osaka Osaka Loop Line 10.3 T20 Higashi-Umeda(connections below) JR Tōzai Line Sakaisuji Line 11.5 T21 Minami-MorimachiK13 L： Osaka-Tenmangū Keihan Nakanoshima Line old Yodo River Keihan Main Line 13.1 13.3 T22 Temmabashi 13.8 14.2 T23 Tanimachi YonchōmeC18 Chūō Line Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line 14.6 15.2 T24 Tanimachi RokuchōmeN18 15.5 16.1 T25 Tanimachi KyūchōmeS18 Sennichimae Line ←Kintetsu Namba Line / Kintetsu Osaka Line→ Osaka Uehommachi 16.5 16.9 T26 Shitennōji-mae Yūhigaoka Osaka Loop Line 17.6 17.8 T27 Tennōji(M23) Kansai Main Line (Yamatoji Line) Nankai: Tennoji Line Midōsuji Line Osaka Abenobashi Kintetsu Minami-Osaka Line→ Tennōji-ekimae Hanwa Line 18.2 18.4 T28 Abeno Nankai Hirano Line Hankai Uemachi Line Midōsuji Line 19.3 19.5 T29 Fuminosato Hanwa Line 20.3 20.5 T30 Tanabe Kintetsu: Minami-Osaka Line 21.3 21.5 T31 Komagawa-Nakano Hirano (Nankai） 23.0 23.2 T32 Hirano 24.4 24.6 T33 Kire-Uriwari Kansai Line Branch (Hanwa Freight Line) 25.7 25.9 T34 Deto 26.9 27.1 T35 Nagahara 28.1 28.3 T36 Yaominami Yao Depot
Connecting lines around Umeda 1: Yotsubashi Line (planned extension) 2: Osaka Municipal Subway：■Midōsuji Line 3: Hankyu: Kobe/Takarazuka/Kyoto Main Line 1 2 3 4 4: JR-W： Tōkaidō Main Line (JR Kyoto Line) JR-W： Tōkaidō Main Line (JR Kobe/Takarazuka Line) Umeda (Hankyu) Osaka / JR-W： Osaka Loop Line Umeda (M16) / Subway Tanimachi Line Hanshin： Hanshin Main Line / Umeda (Hanshin) Higashi-Umeda (T20) (Y11) Nishi-Umeda / Subway Tanimachi Line Kitashinchi / JR-W： JR Tōzai Line Subway Yotsubashi Line

The Tanimachi Line (谷町線, Tanimachi-sen) is a rapid transit line of the Osaka Municipal Subway, running from Dainichi Station in Moriguchi to Yaominami Station in Yao through Osaka City. Its official name is Rapid Electric Tramway Line No. 2 (高速電気軌道第2号線), while the Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau refers to it as Osaka City Rapid Railway Line No. 2 (大阪市高速鉄道第2号線), and in MLIT publications, it is written as Line No. 2 (Tanimachi Line) (2号線（谷町線）). On line maps, stations on the Tanimachi Line are indicated with the letter T.

The central part of the line runs underneath Tanimachi-suji, a broad north-south thoroughfare lined with prefectural government buildings and Buddhist temples. Its only above-ground segment is the vicinity of Yaominami Station. The line color on maps, station signs and train livery is royal purple (京紫, kyō-murasaki), derived from the kasaya robes worn by Buddhist monks ().

Overview

As noted above, the Tanimachi Line is officially "Line No. 2", but it was actually the fourth to open, after Line No. 3 (the Yotsubashi Line) during World War II and Line No. 4 (the Chūō Line) in the early 1960s. The line was opened gradually from the late 1960s to the early 1980s.

Ridership, though less than half the numbers of the Midōsuji Line, is still the second-highest of all lines in the Osaka subway network, thanks to the large number of government buildings in eastern Chūō-ku and schools around Tennōji (total ridership for fiscal year 2009 was approximately 480,000 per day).^[1] It is also the second-most profitable subway line in Osaka (total profit for FY 2009 was ¥7.3 billion — a 9.4% increase over the previous year).^[1]

The Tanimachi Line has the longest operating distance (for the purpose of fare calculation) in the Osaka subway network, after the Midōsuji Line (although the latter would be the longest in the Osaka subway network if the Kita-Osaka Kyūkō Railway section of the Midōsuji Line was taken into account). It runs completely underground from Dainichi to just before Yaominami, and was known as the longest continuously underground subway line in Japan for a long time after the opening of Yaominami Station (it was also among the longest subway tunnels in the world at the time of its opening).^[2] Now, it is fourth in Japan after the Toei Ōedo Line (entire line, 40.7 km), Saitama Rapid Railway Line/Tokyo Metro Namboku Line/Tōkyū Meguro Line (Urawa-Misono –Fudōmae via Akabane-Iwabuchi and Meguro, 36.9 km), and Nagoya Municipal Subway Meijō Line/Meikō Line (entire line, 32.4 km).

If one considers Higashi-Umeda, Umeda, and Nishi-Umeda Stations as the same station (as they are for the purpose of transfers within 30 minutes), the Tanimachi Line has connections to all other subway lines in Osaka. (By comparison, the Chūō Line is the only subway line in Osaka that connects to all other subway lines, as well as the Nankō Port Town Line.)

Line data

• Above-ground section: vicinity of Yaominami Station
• Blocking system: Automatic
• Train protection system: WS-ATC
• Cars per train: 6 (1976 – present)
• Maximum possible cars per train (platform length): 8

For the purposes of fare calculation, the Higashi-Umeda – Tennōji segment is adjusted to the same length as Umeda – Tennōji on the Midōsuji Line.

Stations

Stopping patterns

All trains stop at every station along their route. During the day, trains alternate between Dainichi – Yaominami and Miyakojima – Fuminosato, with additional trains starting or terminating at Kire-Uriwari during rush hour. As the line is quite long and goes through the center of Osaka, express service was planned, but never implemented.^{[citation needed]}

Since 1976, all trains have had 6 cars. Platforms are long enough to accommodate 8-car trainsets; the unused portions are fenced.

Women-only cars

Women-only cars were introduced on the line from 15 December 2003. There is one such designated car in each train (Car No. 3), the use of which is restricted on weekdays from the first train until 9 a.m. The women-only restriction is lifted after 9 a.m.

Rolling stock

Current

• 22 series 6-car EMUs (since 1990)
• 30000 series 6-car EMUs (since 2009)

The 30-series train sets, in service since the 1960s, are steadily being replaced by the newer 30000 series, to be completely phased out within the next few years.

Train maintenance and inspection is carried out by the same group in charge of Chūō Line trains, at the Morinomiya depot and workshop, accessible through a spur located before Tanimachi Rokuchōme station on the Tanimachi Line and after Tanimachi Yonchōme station on the Chūō Line (the Dainichi and Yao depots are used mainly to store off-service trains). In 2006, in preparation for the opening of the Kintetsu Keihanna Line extension of the subway Chūō Line (then known as the Higashi-Osaka Line), nine 20-series trainsets of the Tanimachi Line were exchanged for nine 22-series trainsets (converted from 24-series trains) from the Chūō Line.

• 

  22 series trainset (Tanimachi Line 22-50 series)

• 

  30000 series trainset

Former

• 50 series (1969–1991)
  • 5700 series (1980–1991)
  • 5800 series (1978–1991)
  • 5900 series (1978–1991)
• 10 series (1974–1976) (subsequently transferred to the Midōsuji Line)
• 20 series (1989–2006) (transferred to the Chūō Line)
• 30 series (1967–2013)

• 

  30 series trainset

History

Construction

According to the original plan laid out for the Tanimachi Line in 1927, it was to follow Matsuyamachi-suji (to the west of Tanimachi-suji). It was also intended to interface directly with the Midōsuji Line directly at Umeda, similar to the cross-platform interchange between the Yotsubashi Line and the Midōsuji Line at Daikokuchō. A second tunnel was dug at Umeda for this purpose, but the connection southwards was plagued by collapses and other accidents; as a result, the planned route was changed to the current one, stopping at Higashi-Umeda and then veering eastward. The tunnel at Umeda reserved for the Tanimachi Line ("Matsuyamachi Line") went unused for decades before finally being adapted for the southbound track of the Midōsuji Line in 1989, allowing for expanded platforms to cope with overcrowding.

Over the course of tunnel construction for the line, the underground waterways in Osaka were greatly altered, causing a number of incidents in which famous wells dried up.

In 1970, during the construction of the underground Tenjimbashi Rokuchōme Station, there was a large gas explosion which caused a number of workers' deaths. This became known as the "Ten-Roku Gas Explosion Accident" in Japan.

Successor to the Nankai Hirano Line

Compared to the majority of areas served by the subway, where it runs underneath major roadways with high levels of traffic, part of the Tanimachi Line runs underneath relatively narrow streets with fewer cars, near residential areas. This is because the Abeno – Hirano section of the line was constructed as the successor in passenger transport to the same section of the Nankai Hirano Line, a tramway which ran aboveground between Imaike and Hirano, following the route of the Tanimachi Line from Abeno eastward. While it belongs to a different operator, this section of the Tanimachi Line is essentially the old streetcar line converted to an underground rapid-transit service.

The names of stations within this section reflect the station names of the Hirano Line:

Timeline

• March 24, 1967 - Higashi-Umeda - Tanimachi Yonchōme (opening), as Osaka Subway Line 2.^[3] Trains started running in 2-car formation.
• October, 1967 - Automatic train operation (ATO) trialled on Line 2, trials ended February 1968.
• December 17, 1968 - Tanimachi Yōnchōme - Tennōji (opening). Trains started running in 4-car formation.
• December 6, 1969 - Officially adopted the name Tanimachi Line.
• April 8, 1970 - The "Ten-Roku Gas Explosion Accident" occurs during the construction of the underground Tenjimbashi Rokuchōme Station at 17:45 JST, leading to 79 deaths and 420 injuries.
• May 29, 1974 - Higashi-Umeda - Miyakojima (opening). 10 series EMUs began operation (later transferred to Midōsuji Line in February 1976).
• October 25–31, 1976 - Trains started running in 6-car formation.
• April 6, 1977 - Miyakojima - Moriguchi (opening)
• November 27, 1980 - Tennōji - Yaominami (opening)
• February 8, 1983 - Moriguchi - Dainichi (opening)
• May, 1989 - 20 series EMUs began operation (transferred to the Chūō Line in 2006)
• April, 1990 - 22 series EMUs began operation, replacing the 50 series.
• March 18, 2009 - 30000 series EMUs began operation.

References

v t e Transport in Keihanshin (Greater Osaka) JR West lines ("Urban Network") ● Biwako – JR Kyoto – JR Kobe Hokuriku Tōkaidō San'yō ● Hanwa ● Gakkentoshi (Katamachi) ● Kansai Airport ● Kosei ● Kusatsu ● Nara ● Osaka Loop ● Osaka Higashi ● Sagano San'in ● JR Takarazuka (Fukuchiyama) ● JR Tōzai ● Yamatoji Kansai ●JR Yumesaki (Sakurajima) ● Akō ● Hagoromo ● Kansai ● Kisei ● Man-yō Mahoroba (Sakurai) ● San'yō ● Wadamisaki ● Wakayama Osaka Municipal Subway lines Chūō Imazatosuji Midōsuji Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Sennichimae Sakaisuji Tanimachi Yotsubashi APM: New Tram Other Municipal Subway lines Kobe Municipal Subway Seishin-Yamate Kaigan Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Tōzai Other networks Hankyū Hanshin Keihan Kintetsu Kitakyū Nankai Osaka Monorail Semboku Rapid Around Keihanshin Hankai Hokushin Kyūkō Kobe New Transit Kobe Rapid Noseden Randen Sanyō Shintetsu Terminals Ōsaka/Umeda Tennōji/Ōsaka Abenobashi Namba/Ōsaka Namba/JR Namba Kyōbashi Shin-Osaka Ōsaka Uehommachi Kyoto Kawaramachi/Gion-Shijō Sanjō Sannomiya JR West others Sakaihigashi Kintetsu Nara Miscellaneous ICOCA PiTaPa Rail transport in Japan Airports Itami Kansai Kobe Ports Port of Kobe