Tamborine Mountain

Tamborine Mountain
Tamborine Mountain landscape
Elevation	525 m (1,722 ft)
Location
Location	Queensland, Australia
Range	Great Dividing Range
Geology
Type	Shield volcano
Age of rock	Aquitanian

Tamborine Mountain is a 28 square kilometres (11 sq mi) plateau (8 km long by 4 km wide) in the Scenic Rim, Gold Coast Hinterland, south-east Queensland, Australia. The name is of Aboriginal origin and has nothing to do with the musical instrument.

History

Timber cutting at Tamborine Mountain in 1912

Cedar Creek Falls, 2011

Tamborine Mountain was inhabited by Aborigines for tens of thousands of years and, at the time of early European settlement, lay in the territory of the Wangerriburras. The origin of the name Tamborine comes from the Anglicised version of the Aboriginal word 'Jambreen' from the Yugambeh language.^[1] The spelling also appears on early records as Tchambreem and even Goombireen, ^[1] which means 'wild lime' and refers to the finger lime trees growing on the mountain.

Until it was opened for selection in 1878^[2] it was covered with a diverse range of forest types.^[1] In that year the first white settler, John O'Callaghan selected a parcel of land on the mountain.^[3] Much clearing for agriculture took place, though efforts were made to protect the natural values of the area, with Witches Falls National Park (now part of the Tamborine National Park) being declared in 1908, the first in Queensland.^[1] The Tamborine National Park is made up of 12 separate sections of land, mainly remnant rainforest, on the plateau and surrounding foothills. A tourist road to the mountain was opened in 1924.^[3]

Environment

Geology

The geological origin of the plateau is a lava flow from the Mount Warning volcanic eruption 22 million years ago. Tamborine Mountain rises at the start of the north-east section of the Scenic Rim, the name given to a group of mountains in South East Queensland.

Climate

The climate is subtropical, with the annual rainfall of about 1,550 mm^[2] falling mainly between December and March. Temperatures vary between maxima of 17 °C in winter and 25 °C in summer, and are usually 5 °C to 7 °C degrees cooler than the surrounding lowlands. Winters are usually dry and sunny, with cool maximum temperatures, however the temperature rarely drops below freezing due to the thick forest cover. With its fertile red volcanic soil and high rainfall, the plateau produces rich crops of avocados, kiwifruit, passionfruit, rhubarb, apples and mangoes. With its cool climate and spectacular scenery, as well as its proximity to Brisbane, the Gold Coast and Surfers Paradise, it is a major tourist destination.

Important Bird Area

The mountain is an important area for Albert's Lyrebirds

Parts of the plateau and surrounding foothills encompassing the wet subtropical rainforest habitats below the largely cleared plateau summit, and above the surrounding eucalypt forests, have been identified as a 38 square kilometres (15 sq mi) Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International. It includes the southern fragments of the Tamborine National Park. The IBA supports an isolated northern population of Albert's Lyrebirds, as well as Pale-yellow Robins, Green Catbirds, Regent Bowerbirds and Australian Logrunners.^[5] Additional significant birds recorded from the site are Glossy Black Cockatoos, Sooty Owls, Marbled Frogmouths and Noisy Pittas. Other animals present in the IBA include Platypuses, Short-beaked Echidnas and Richmond Birdwings.^[6]

People

Settlement

Tamborine Mountain Town

Human settlement on the plateau is centred on three village communities: North Tamborine, Eagle Heights and Mount Tamborine, with a total population of about 5,100.^[2] The plateau is classified as a rural area, with zoning restrictions that prohibit property from being subdivided. There is no reticulated water supply or sewerage system, and residents are dependent on rainwater, bores and septic systems. Many residents commute to work on the Gold Coast or in Brisbane.

Tourism

The Knoll Lookout, 2012

Tamborine Mountain attracts many tourists to "Gallery Walk" along Long Road, a street devoted to art galleries, cafes and souvenir shops.^[2] The street is not particularly noteworthy, but remains a tourist centre due to it being directly on the way from the Gold Coast. Other tourism-heavy areas include Main Street, two one-way roads with cafes, a supermarket, hardware stores, a newsagent and various other shops, and the Tamborine Showground Markets, held every second Sunday of the month. The Glow-Worm Caves are a man-made attraction which opened to visitors in March 2006.^[7]

Walking tracks

Tamborine is well known for walking tracks winding through rainforest regions and occasionally past cliffs or waterfalls. The most well-known ones are the Curtis Falls rainforest track, and the Knoll, though there are others. The tracks are mainly used by tourists, although locals who have lived on the mountain for a while may visit them occasionally, or as part of an exercise regime.

Schools

• Tamborine Mountain State High School (secondary - year 8 - 12)
• Tamborine Mountain College (secondary - year 8 - 12)
• Tamborine Mountain State School (primary - year 1 - 7)
• St Bernards State School (primary - year 1 - 7)

See also

• List of mountains of Australia

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Tamborine Mountain, Queensland.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Tamborine Mountain.

• Tamborine Mountain Natural History Association

Coordinates: 27°55′39″S 153°11′39″E / 27.927513°S 153.194305°E / -27.927513; 153.194305