Tabán

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tabán usually refers to an area within the 1st district of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It lies on the Buda (i.e. Western) side of the Danube, to the south of György Dózsa Square, on the northern side of Elisabeth Bridge and to the east of Naphegy. Outside of Budapest, several other Hungarian cities and towns also have districts called Tabán.

Naphegy and Tabán in Budapest. Meyers Lexikon (1905)

History

Tabán mid-1800s

The Tabán has been inhabited since Neolithic times, due to its location in a protected valley, the thermal waters at the bottom of the Gellért Hill and the ford over the Danube. In the Iron Age, it was inhabited by a tribe of Celts, who were replaced by the Romans in the 1st century BC.

In the Middle Ages, the Tabán was a village right under the Buda Castle. The Turks developed the thermal medicinal baths in the area and brought immigrants from the Balkans. The population increased after the liberation of Hungary from the Turks as refugees came from Greece, Bosnia and Serbia. The Franciscans from Bosnia established the parish church in the 17th Century which still exists today and the Orthodox inhabitants established their own parish. In the 18th Century, the town was inhabited by Serbs, Greeks, Vlachs, Germans, Croats, Slovaks and Gypsies.

The history of Tabán is inseparable from that of the neighboring Naphegy and Gellérthegy districts. In the 19th Century, the Tabán became known as a Bohemian quarter of Budapest with many restaurants, bars and bordellos. Its narrow streets on the hillsides echoed a Mediterranean atmosphere.

Kereszt Street was the center of old Tabán.

In the 1930s, the Tabán was demolished in order to facilitate urban planning in Budapest. Today, it is a park very popular with the population of the capital.

Topography

After the 1930 urban planning in Budapest, only a few old Tabán houses were left in the Naphegy district; one of them was the Tabán school, which was destroyed in January 1945, during the battle of Budapest. Today a sports field can be found where the school once stood. The only original streets remaining are Orom Street in Gellérthegy and Tabán Czakó Street in Naphegy.

Taban's historic and cultural attractions include a Memorial of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution near Naphegy Street and Kereszt Street and the Semmelweiss Orvostörténeti Múzeum near Apród Street.

Tabán-s historic places 1945 - 2003
The old Tabán school was here, today sports field Naphegy near Czakó Street
The last Tabán house; Czakó Street–Aladár Street in 2003

Tabán in literature

The poet Dezső Kosztolányi wrote:

"Köröttem - esős akvarell - Tabán.
Nyugodt lennék itt s boldog is talán..."

"I crossed Tabán - a rainy watercolour.
I would be at peace here and maybe happy too..."

Tabán park today

2003 - 2004
Tabán Springtime 2003
May 1. 2003
Memorial 1956 - 1956 Hungarian Revolution
Playground, Naphegy utca - Hadnagy utca

Sights

Its major sights include

Rác Thermal Baths (opening 2010)
Rudas Medicinal Baths

Sources

Budapest Lexikon (Second edition, revised and expanded). 2 volumes. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1993.
Narodni Kalendar 1990, Aqua Kiadó és Nyomda, Budapest, 1990.
Antal Szerb: Budapesti kalauz Marslakók számára (A Guide to Budapest for Martians)