Systellommatophora
| Systellommatophora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Land slug Laevicaulis alte (Veronicelloidea) | |
 | |
| Sea slug Onchidella sp. (Onchidioidea) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura |
| Families | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Gymnomorpha | |
The Systellommatophora (synonym Gymnomorpha) is a clade of primitive, air-breathing slugs, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). They are marine and terrestrial pulmonate gastropods within the Heterobranchia. There are two superfamilies in this clade. Slugs in the superfamily Onchidioidea are primarily marine (except for five land-dwelling or freshwater species),[1] whereas slugs in the superfamily Veronicelloidea are primarily terrestrial.
Anatomy
No species in this clade have shells as adults.[1][2] These slugs are distinguished by the location of the anus at the rear of the body.[3]
Although neither superfamily bears shells as adults,[2] the Onchidioidea do possess a vestigial, non-mineralized shell sac[4] and possess a larval shell.[5] It is not known whether or not the veronicellids bear a larval shell.[6]
Taxonomy
According to the previous taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Ponder & Lindberg, 1997) Systellommatophora was considered to be a suborder or an order.[7]
The following two superfamilies and families have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
- superfamily Onchidioidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Onchidiidae Rafinesque, 1815
- Superfamily Veronicelloidea Gray, 1840
- Veronicellidae Gray, 1840
- Rathouisiidae Heude, 1885
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Dayrat B. (2009). "Review of the current knowledge of the systematics of Onchidiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata) with a checklist of nominal species" (preview). Zootaxa 2068: 1–26.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schilthuizen M.; Thome J. W. (2008). "Valiguna flava (Heynemann, 1885) from Indonesia and Malaysia: Redescription and Comparison with Valiguna siamensis (Martens, 1867) (Gastropoda: Soleolifera: Veronicellidae)". Veliger 50 (3): 163–170.
- ↑ Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 377. ISBN 0-03-056747-5.
- ↑ TILLIER, S (1983). "A new mountain Platevindex from Philippine Islands (Pulmonata: Onchidiidae)". Journal of Molluscan Studies (Malacological Soc London) 49 (supp12A): 198.
- ↑ Morton, Brian (1992). The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China III___ Fouling and pollution, morphology, behavious and physiology, Hoi Ha Wan. Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 978-962-209-295-2.
- ↑ Dayrat, B.; Tillier, S. (2002). "Evolutionary relationships of euthyneuran gastropods (Mollusca): a cladistic re-evaluation of morphological characters". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 135: 403. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00018.x.
- ↑ "Systellommatophora". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.