Syndiniales
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| Syndiniales | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Chromalveolata |
| Superphylum: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Dinoflagellata |
| Class: | Syndiniophyceae |
| Order: | Syndiniales Loeblich III 1976 |
The Syndiniales are an order of dinoflagellates, found exclusively as endosymbionts of the tintinnid ciliates, crustaceans, fish, protozoa, algae, and other dinoflagellates.[1] The trophic form is often multinucleate, and ultimately divides to form motile spores, which have two flagella in typical dinoflagellate arrangement. They lack a theca and chloroplasts, and unlike all other orders, the nucleus is never a dinokaryon. A well-studied example is Amoebophrya, which is a parasite of other dinoflagellates and may play a part in ending red tides.
The order Syndiniales belongs to the class Syndiniophyceae or Syndinea.[2]
See also
References
- ↑ Hoek, C. van den; Mann, D. G.; Jahns, Hans Martin (1995). Algae: an Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 277–280. ISBN 0-521-31687-1.
- ↑ Gómez, F.; Moreira, D.; López-García, P. N. (2010). "Molecular Phylogeny of Noctilucoid Dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae)". Protist 161 (3): 466–478. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005. PMID 20188628.
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