Syagrus

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Syagrus
Syagrus romanzoffiana
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Arecoideae
Tribe: Cocoseae
Subtribe: Attaleinae[1]
Genus: Syagrus
Mart.[2]
Species

See text

Synonyms

Arecastrum (Drude) Becc. Arikury Becc.
Arikuryroba Barb.Rodr.
Arikuyroba' Barb.Rodr.
Barbosa Becc.
Chrysallidosperma H.E.Moore
Langsdorffia Raddi
Platenia H.Karst.
Rhyticocos Becc.[1]

Syagrus is a genus of 30 to 42 species of Arecaceae (palms), native to South America, with one species endemic to the Lesser Antilles. The genus is closely related to the Cocos, or coconut genus, and many Syagrus species produce edible seeds similar to the coconut.

Description

Palms in this group have solitary trunks, clusters, and subterranean stems. Crownshafts are not present in the genus; inflorescences emerge from the leaf crown. Leaves are pinnate, often recurved, from 2 to 5 m. They are monoecious, producing white or off-white unisexual flowers of both sexes. The woody bract is spoon or boat-shaped.

Ecology

S. coronata nuts are the favored food of Lear's Macaw, whose bill size and shape are particularly adapted to crack them.(del Hoyo et al. 1997).

Syagrus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Batrachedra nuciferae (recorded on S. coronae), Hypercompe cunigunda (feeds exclusively on S. romanzoffiana) and Paysandisia archon (recorded on S. romanzoffiana).

Selected species

  • Syagrus allagopteroides Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus angustifolia Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus amara (Jacq.) Mart. – Overtop Palm
  • Syagrus botryophora (Mart.) Mart.
  • Syagrus caerulescens Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus campestris (Mart.) Bomhard
  • Syagrus campylospatha (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.
  • Syagrus cardenasii Glassman
  • Syagrus cearensis
  • Syagrus cerqueirana Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus cocoides Mart.
  • Syagrus comosa (Mart.) Mart.
  • Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc. – Licuri Palm
  • Syagrus deflexa Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus duartei
  • Syagrus evansiana Noblick
  • Syagrus flexuosa (Mart.) Becc.
  • Syagrus glaucescens Glaz. ex Becc.
  • Syagrus glazioviana (Dammer) Becc.
  • Syagrus gouveiana Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus graminifolia (Drude) Becc.
  • Syagrus harleyi Glassman
  • Syagrus inajai (Spruce) Becc.
  • Syagrus itacambirana Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus kellyana Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus lilliputiana (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.
  • Syagrus loefgrenii Glassman
  • Syagrus lorenzoniorum Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus macrocarpa Barb.Rodr.
  • Syagrus mendanhensis Glassman
  • Syagrus microphylla Burret
  • Syagrus minor Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc.
  • Syagrus orinocensis
  • Syagrus petraea (Mart.) Becc.
  • Syagrus picrophylla Barb.Rodr.
  • Syagrus pleioclada Burret
  • Syagrus pleiocladoides Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus pompeoi K. Soares & R. Pimenta
  • Syagrus procumbens Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus pseudococos (Raddi) Glassman
  • Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman – Queen Palm
  • Syagrus rupicola Noblick & Lorenzi
  • Syagrus ruschiana (Bondar) Glassman
  • Syagrus sancona (Kunth) H. Karst.
  • Syagrus santosii K. Soares & C.A. Guim.
  • Syagrus schizophylla (Mart.) Glassman – Arikury Palm
  • Syagrus smithii (H.E.Moore) Glassman
  • Syagrus stenopetala
  • Syagrus stratincola
  • Syagrus vagans (Bondar) A.D. Hawkes
  • Syagrus vermicularis Noblick: pati
  • Syagrus weddelliana (H. Wendl.) Becc.
  • Syagrus werdermannii Burret
  • Syagrus x camposportoana (Bondar) Glassman
  • coco-babão|Syagrus x costae Glassman
  • Syagrus x fairchildensis Glassman
  • Syagrus x matafome (Bondar) A.D. Hawkes
  • Syagrus x matafome (Bondar) Glassman
  • Syagrus x teixeiriana Glassman
  • Syagrus x tostana (Bondar) Glassman
  • Syagrus yungasensis M. Moraes
Wess.Boer[3]

Formerly placed here

  • Butia campicola (Barb.Rodr.) Noblick (as S. campicola (Barb.Rodr.) Becc.)
  • Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. (as S. capitata (Mart.) Glassman)
  • Butia eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Becc. (as S. eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Glassman)
  • Butia paraguayensis (Barb.Rodr.) L.H.Bailey (as S. paraguayensis (Barb.Rodr.) Glassman)
  • Butia yatay (Mart.) Becc. (as S. dyerana (Barb. Rodr.) Becc. and S. yatay (Mart.) Glassman)
  • Lytocaryum weddellianum (H.Wendl.) Toledo (as S. insignis (hort. ex Drude) Becc. and S. weddelliana (H.Wendl.) Becc.)[3]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Syagrus.
Wikispecies has information related to: Syagrus
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Genus: Syagrus Mart.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2011-04-03. 
  2. ↑ Martius, Palmarum Familia 18. 1824. Type S. cocoides
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "GRIN Species Records of Syagrus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-03. 
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