Suwałki Governorate
| Suwałki Governorate Сувалкская губерния Gubernia suwalska | |||||
| Governorate of Russian Empire | |||||
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Coat of arms | |||||
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| Capital | Suwałki 54°5′N 22°56′E / 54.083°N 22.933°ECoordinates: 54°5′N 22°56′E / 54.083°N 22.933°E | ||||
| History | |||||
| - | Established | 1867 | |||
| - | Disestablished | 1914 | |||
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Suwałki Governorate (Russian: Сувальская Губения, Polish: Gubernia suwalska, Lithuanian: Suvalkų gubernija) was an administrative unit (guberniya) of the Congress Poland with seat in Suwałki. It covered a territory of about 12,300 km².
History
In 1867 territories of the Augustów Governorate and the Płock Governorate were divided into a smaller Płock Governorate, Suwałki Governorate (consisting mostly of the Augustów Governorate territories) and a recreated Łomża Governorate.
After World War I the governorate was eventually split between Poland and Lithuania, mostly along ethnic lines (with an exception of Puńsk). The Polish part, known as Suwałki Region, was incorporated into the Białystok Voivodeship. Lithuanian ethnographic region Suvalkija was named after the governorate.
Demographics
According to contemporary Russian Empire statistics from 1889 the Suwałki Governorate was predominately Lithuanian – Lithuanians comprised 57.8% of the population.[1] The Lithuanians formed a majority only in the northern part of this governorate (Counties of Kalvarija, Marijampolė, Naujamiestis, Vilkaviškis and eastern part of Sejny) and the Poles had a majority in the southern part (counties of Suwałki, Augustów and western part of Sejny).[2]
| Population in 1897[3] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nationality | People | Percent |
| Lithuanians | 304,500 | 52% |
| Poles | 134,000 | 23% |
| Jews | 59,100 | 10% |
| Germans | 30,500 | 5% |
| Belarusians | 26,600 | 5% |
| Russians | 24,500 | 4% |
| Others | 3,700 | .7% |
| Total | 582,900 | 100% |
Administrative divisions
It was divided into seven counties:[4]
| County | County Seat | Major Towns | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Augustów County |  |
Augustów | Lipsk • Raczki • Sopoćkinie |
| Kalvarija County |  |
Kalvarija | Liudvinavas • Alytus • Simnas |
| Marijampolė County |  |
Marijampolė | Balbieriškis • Pilviškės • Panemunė • Prienai • Zapyškis |
| Sejny County |  |
Sejny | Kapčiamiestis • Lazdijai • Seirijai |
| Suwałki County |  |
Suwałki | Bakałarzewo • Filipów • Przerośl • Wiżajny |
| Naujamiestis County |  |
Naujamiestis | Sudargas • Šakiai |
| Vilkaviškis County |  |
Vilkaviškis | Virbalis • Vištytis |
References
- ↑ Šenavičienė, Ieva (1999). "Tautos budimas ir blaivybės sąjūdis". Istorija 40: 3. ISSN 1392-0456. Retrieved 2007-12-07.
- ↑ Piotr Łossowski, Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918-1920 (1996) p.10 and p.15
- ↑ (German) Nikolajew, Christina Juditha (2005). Zum Zusammenhang zwischen nationaler Identitätsbildung und Katholischer Kirche in Litauen. Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. p. 16.
- ↑ (Lithuanian) Jonas Zinkus, et al., ed. (1988). "Suvalkų gubernija". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija IV. Vilnius, Lithuania: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. pp. 136–137.
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