Stuckism

Stuckism International
Formation	3 August 1999 (1999-08-03)
Location	Worldwide
Membership	233 groups
Founders	Billy Childish Charles Thomson
Members	Philip Absolon, Eamon Everall, Ella Guru, Bill Lewis, Joe Machine, Charles Williams, Elsa Dax, Guy Denning, Michael Dickinson, Robert Janás, Odysseus Yakoumakis, John Bourne, Mark D, Paul Harvey, Stephen Howarth, Alexis Hunter, Abby Jackson, Naive John, Rachel Jordan, Jane Kelly, Peter McArdle, Mandy McCartin, Peter Murphy, Rémy Noë, Udaiyan, Peggy Clydesdale, Jeffrey Scott Holland, Tony Juliano, Frank Kozik, Terry Marks, Nicholas Watson, Godfrey Blow, Asim Butt, Mike Mayhew, Regan Tamanui, Jonathon Coudrille, Artista Eli
Website	www.stuckism.com

Stuckism is an international art movement founded in 1999 by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting in opposition to conceptual art.^[2][3] By July 2012 the initial group of 13 British artists had expanded to 233 groups in 52 countries.^[4]

Childish and Thomson have issued several manifestos, the first one being The Stuckists, consists of 20 points starting with "Stuckism is a quest for authenticity".^[5] Remodernism, the other well-known manifesto of the movement, is a criticism of postmodernism and aims to get back to the true spirit of modernism, to produce art with spiritual value regardless of style, subject matter or medium.^[6] In another manifesto they also define themselves as anti-anti-art^[7] which is against anti-art and for art.^[8]

After exhibiting in small galleries in Shoreditch, London, the Stuckists' first show in a major public museum was held in 2004 at the Walker Art Gallery, as part of the Liverpool Biennial. The group has demonstrated annually at Tate Britain against the Turner Prize since 2000, sometimes dressed in clown costumes. They have also come out in opposition to the Charles Saatchi-patronised Young British Artists.

Although painting is the dominant artistic form of Stuckism, artists using other media such as photography, sculpture, film and collage have also joined, and share the Stuckist opposition to conceptualism and ego-art.^[9]

Name, founding and origin

The name "Stuckism" was coined in January 1999 by Charles Thomson in response to a poem read to him several times by Billy Childish. In it, Childish recites that his former girlfriend, Tracey Emin had said he was "stuck! stuck! stuck!" with his art, poetry and music.^[10] Later that month, Thomson approached Childish with a view to co-founding an art group called Stuckism, which Childish agreed to, on the basis that Thomson would do the work for the group, as Childish already had a full schedule.^[10]

There were eleven other founding members: Philip Absolon, Frances Castle, Sheila Clark, Eamon Everall, Ella Guru, Wolf Howard, Bill Lewis, Sanchia Lewis, Joe Machine, Sexton Ming, and Charles Williams.^[10] The membership has evolved since its founding through creative collaborations:^[11] the group was originally promoted as painters, but members work in various other media, including poetry, fiction, performance, photography, film and music.^[10]

Musical groups self-identified with Stuckist ideas often ID themselves by appending the article "Thee" to their band name: Thee Headcoats, Thee Mighty Caesars, Thee Raincoats, Thee Open Sex, Thee Dang Dangs, etc.^[12]

In 1979, Thomson, Childish, Bill Lewis and Ming were members of The Medway Poets performance group, to which Absolon and Sanchia Lewis had also contributed.^[10] Peter Waite's Rochester Pottery staged a series of solo painting shows.^[10] In 1982, TVS broadcast a documentary on the poets.^[10] That year, Emin, then a fashion student, and Childish started a relationship; her writing was edited by Bill Lewis, printed by Thomson and published by Childish.^[10] Group members published dozens of works.^[10] The poetry group dispersed after two years, reconvening in 1987 to record The Medway Poets LP.^[10] Clark, Howard and Machine became involved over the following years.^[10] Thomson got to know Williams, who was a local art student and whose girlfriend was a friend of Emin; Thomson also met Everall.^[10] During the foundation of the group, Ming brought in his girlfriend, Guru, who in turn invited Castle.^[10]

Manifestos

In August 1999, Childish and Thomson wrote The Stuckists manifesto^[5] which places great importance on the value of painting as a medium, as well as its use for communication, the expression of emotion and of experience – as opposed to what Stuckists see as the superficial novelty, nihilism and irony of conceptual art and postmodernism. The most contentious statement in the manifesto is: "Artists who don't paint aren't artists".

The second and third manifestos, respectively An Open Letter to Sir Nicholas Serota and Remodernism, were sent to Nicholas Serota, which letter received a brief reply: "Thank you for your open letter dated 6 March. You will not be surprised to learn that I have no comment to make on your letter, or your manifesto 'Remodernism'."^[13]

In Remodernism manifesto, the Stuckists declared that they aimed to replace postmodernism with remodernism, a period of renewed spiritual (as opposed to religious) values in art, culture and society. Other manifestos include Handy Hints, Anti-anti-art, The Cappuccino writer and the Idiocy of Contemporary Writing, The Turner Prize, The Decreptitude of the Critic and Stuckist critique of Damien Hirst.

Manifestos have been written by other Stuckists, including the Students for Stuckism group. An "Underage Stuckists" group was founded in 2006 with their own manifesto for teenagers by two 16-year olds, Liv Soul and Rebekah Maybury, on MySpace.^[14] In 2006, Allen Herndon published The Manifesto of the American Stuckists, the content of which was challenged by the Los Angeles Stuckists group.^[15]

Growth in UK

In July 1999, the Stuckists were first mentioned in the media, in an article in The Evening Standard and soon gained other coverage, helped by press interest in Tracey Emin, who had been nominated for the Turner Prize.^[16]

The first Stuckist show was Stuck! Stuck! Stuck! held in September 1999 in Joe Crompton's Gallery 108 (now defunct) in Shoreditch, followed by The Resignation of Sir Nicholas Serota. In 2000 they staged The Real Turner Prize Show at the same time as the Tate Gallery's Turner Prize exhibition.^[17]

A "Students for Stuckism" group was founded in 2000 by students from Camberwell College of Arts, who staged their own exhibition. S.P. Howarth was expelled from the painting degree course at Camberwell college for his paintings,^[18] and had the first solo exhibit at the Stuckism International Gallery in 2002, named I Don't Want a Painting Degree if it Means Not Painting.^[19]

Thomson stood as a Stuckist candidate for the 2001 British General Election, in the constituency of Islington South & Finsbury, against Chris Smith, the then Secretary of State for Culture. He picked up 108 votes (0.4%).^[20][21] Childish left the group at this time because he couldn't stand Thomson being in charge of the group.^[22][23]

From 2002 to 2005 Thomson ran the Stuckism International Centre and Gallery in Shoreditch, London. In 2003, under the title A Dead Shark Isn't Art, the gallery exhibited a shark which had first been put on public display in 1989 (two years before Damien Hirst's) by Eddie Saunders in his Shoreditch shop, JD Electrical Supplies. It was suggested Hirst may have seen this at the time and copied it, but that regardless, Saunders was the real pioneering artist.^[24]

In 2003 they reported Charles Saatchi to the UK Office of Fair Trading, complaining that he had an effective monopoly on art. The complaint was not upheld.^[25] In 2003, an allied group, Stuckism Photography, was founded by Larry Dunstan and Andy Bullock. In 2005 the Stuckists offered a donation of 175 paintings from the Walker show to the Tate that was rejected by the Tate Board of Trustees.^[26]

In August 2005 the Stuckists initiated a major controversy over the Tate's purchase of its trustee Chris Ofili's work The Upper Room for £705,000.^[27] In July 2006 the Charity Commission completed an investigation into The Tate's purchase of Ofili's work, censuring the gallery for acting outside its legal powers.^[28] Sir Nicholas Serota stated that the Stuckists had "acted in the public interest".^[29] In October 2006, the Stuckists staged their first exhibition, Go West, in a commercial West End gallery, Spectrum London. This "major exhibition"^[30] signalled their entry as "major players" in the art world.^[31]

An international symposium on Stuckism took place in October 2006 at the Liverpool John Moores University during the Liverpool Biennial. The programme was led by Naive John, founder of the Liverpool Stuckists. There was an accompanying exhibition in the 68 Hope Gallery at Liverpool School of Art and Design (John Moores University Gallery).^[32]

By 2006 there were 63 Stuckist groups in the UK. Members include Naive John, Mark D, Elsa Dax, Paul Harvey, Jane Kelly, Udaiyan, Peter McArdle, Peter Murphy, Rachel Jordan, Guy Denning and Abby Jackson. John Bourne opened Stuckism Wales at his home, a permanent exhibition of (mainly Welsh) paintings. Mandy McCartin is a regular guest artist.^[33]

In 2010, Paul Harvey's painting of Charles Saatchi was banned from the window display of the Artspace Gallery in Maddox Street, London, on the grounds that it was "too controversial for the area".^[34][35] It was the centrepiece of the show, Stuckist Clowns Doing Their Dirty Work, the first exhibition of the Stuckists in Mayfair,^[35] and depicted Saatchi with a sheep at his feet and a halo made from a cheese wrapper.^[36] The Saatchi Gallery said that Saatchi "would not have any problem" with the painting's display.^[36] The gallery announced they were shutting down the show.^[35] Harvey said, "I did it to make Saatchi look friendly and human. It's a ludicrous decision".^[36] The Stuckists considered legal action,^[37] and protested with emails to the gallery.^[38] Subsequently, the painting was reinstated and the show continued.^[38]

Demonstrations

The Stuckists gained significant media coverage for eight years of protests (2000-2006 and 2008) outside Tate Britain against the Turner Prize, sometimes dressed as clowns. In 2001 they demonstrated in Trafalgar Square at the unveiling of Rachel Whiteread's Monument. In 2002, they carried a coffin marked The Death of Conceptual Art to the White Cube Gallery.^[39][40] In 2004 outside the launch of The Triumph of Painting at the Saatchi Gallery they wore tall hats with Charles Saatchi's face emblazoned and carried placards claiming that Saatchi had copied their ideas.

Events outside Britain have included The Clown Trial of President Bush held in New Haven in 2003 to protest against the Iraq War. Michael Dickinson has exhibited political and satirical collages in Turkey for which he was arrested,^[41] and charged, but acquitted of any crime—an outcome which was seen to have positive implications for Turkey's relationship with the European Union.^[42]

The Stuckists Punk Victorian

The Stuckists Punk Victorian was the first national gallery exhibition of Stuckist art. It was held at the Walker Art Gallery and Lady Lever Art Gallery and was part of the 2004 Liverpool Biennial. It consisted of over 250 paintings by 37 artists, mostly from the UK but also with a representation of international Stuckist artists from the USA, Germany and Australia. There was an accompanying exhibition of Stuckist photographers. A book, The Stuckists Punk Victorian, was published to accompany the exhibition. Daily Mail journalist Jane Kelly exhibited a painting of Myra Hindley in the show, which may have been the cause of her dismissal from her job.^[43]

A Gallery

In 2005, Fraser Kee Scott, owner of A Gallery, demonstrated with the Stuckists art group outside the Tate Gallery against the gallery's purchase of The Upper Room, a work by Chris Ofili, then a serving Tate trustee. In October that year, Scott, described as "gallery owner—and Stuckist", said in The Daily Telegraph that Tate Gallery chairman, Paul Myners, was hypocritical for refusing to divulge the price paid. Ofili had asked other artists to donate work to the gallery.^[44]

In April 2007, some Stuckist artists were included in a group show at the A Gallery. Scott, who was the gallery owner and a member of the Church of Scientology, talked about the Church and the show in an interview in the South London Guardian.^[45] Thomson told the Evening Standard that it was "outrageous" that the Stuckists should be linked to Scientology, as the artists had no connection with it.^[46] Thomson later said he accepted that it was not Scott's intention to link the show and the Church, and he considered that the matter was a misunderstanding that had been resolved.^[47]

In July 2007, the Stuckists held an exhibition at the A Gallery, I Won't Have Sex with You as long as We're Married,^[48][49] titled after words apparently said to Thomson by his ex-wife, Stella Vine on their wedding night.^[49] The show coincided with the opening of Vine's major show at Modern Art Oxford and was prompted by Thomson's anger that the material promoting her show omitted any mention of her time with the Stuckists, which he said had been influential on her work.^[48] Tate chairman Paul Myners visited both shows.^[50]

Sir Nicholas Serota Makes an Acquisitions Decision

Charles Thomson's painting, Sir Nicholas Serota Makes an Acquisitions Decision, as Charlotte Cripps of The Independent wrote is one of the best known paintings to come out of the Stuckist movement,^[40] and as Jane Morris wrote in The Guardian it's a likely "signature piece" for the movement,^[51] standing for its opposition to conceptual art. Painted in 2000, the piece has been exhibited in Stuckist shows since, as well as being featured on placards during Stuckist demonstrations against the Turner Prize.

It depicts Sir Nicholas Serota, Director of the Tate Gallery and the usual chairman of the Turner Prize jury, and satirises Young British Artist Tracey Emin's installation, My Bed, consisting of her bed and objects, including knickers, which she exhibited in 1999 as a Turner Prize nominee.^[52]

International movement

In 2000 Regan Tamanui started the first Stuckist group outside Britain in Melbourne, Australia, and it was decided that other artists should be free to start their own groups also, named after their locality.^[53] Stuckism has since grown into an international art movement^[2] of 233 groups in 52 countries, as of July 2012.^[4]

Africa

Mafa Bamba founded The Abidgan Stuckists in 2001 in Ivory Coast and Kari Seid founded The Cape Town Stuckists in 2008 in South Africa.^[54]

America

In 2000, Susan Constanse founded the first US group The Pittsburgh Stuckists in Pittsburgh^[54]—the second group to be founded outside the UK. This was announced in the In Pittsburgh Weekly, 1 November 2000: "The new word in art is Stuckism. A Stuckist paints their life, mind and soul with no pretensions and no excuses."^[55] By 2011 there are 44 US Stuckist groups. There have been Stuckist shows and demonstrations in the US, and American Stuckists have also exhibited in international Stuckist shows abroad. US Stuckists include Jeffrey Scott Holland, Tony Juliano, Frank Kozik and Terry Marks.^[54] There are also 4 Stuckist groups in Canada including The White Rock Stuckists in British Columbia founded by David Wilson.^[54]

Asia

Asim Butt founded the first Pakistani Stuckist group, The Karachi Stuckists, in 2005.^[56] At the end of 2009 he was thinking of expanding The Karachi Stuckists with new members,^[57] but on 15 January 2010 he committed suicide.^[58] In 2011 Sheherbano Husain restarted the group.^[54] The Tehran Stuckists group, founded in 2007 in Tehran,^[54] is a major protagonist of Asian Stuckism.^[9] In April 2010 they curated the first Stuckist show in Iran, Searching for the Unlimited Potentials of Figurative Painting.^[59] Other Asian Stuckists are Shelley Li (China), Smeetha Boumik (India), Joko Apridinoto (Indonesia), Elio Yuri Figini (Japan) and Fady Chamaa (Lebanon).^[54]

Europe

Despite Stuckists in UK, The Prague Stuckists, founded in 2005 in Czech by Robert Janás,^[54] is a flourishing Stuckist group.^[60] Other Stuckist artists in Europe include Peter Klint (Germany), Michael Dickinson (Turkey), Odysseus Yakoumakis (Greece), Artista Eli (Spain), Kloot Per W (Belgium), Jaroslav Valecka (Czech), Marketa Koreckova (Czech), Jan Macko (Slovakia) and Pavel Lefterov (Bulgaria).^[54] In Poland, The Krasnals group is performing actions in similar spirit as The Stuckists, however they are not claiming to belong to the movement.

Oceania

In October 2000, Regan Tamanui founded The Melbourne Stuckists in Melbourne,^[61] the fourth Stuckist group to be started and the first one outside the UK. On 27 October, 2000, he staged the Real Turner Prize Show at the Dead End Gallery in his home, concurrent with three shows with the same title in England (London, Falmouth and Dartington) and one in Germany in protest against the Tate Gallery's Turner Prize. Other Australian Stuckists include Godfrey Blow, who exhibited in The Stuckists Punk Victorian.^[62] In 2005 Mike Mayhew also founded The Christchurch Stuckists in New Zealand.^[54]

Ex Stuckists

Co-founder, Billy Childish left the group in 2001, but has stated that he remains committed to its principles. Sexton Ming left to concentrate on a solo career with the Aquarium Gallery. Wolf Howard left in 2006, but has exhibited with the group since. Jesse Richards who ran the Stuckism Centre USA in New Haven, left the group in 2006 to focus on Remodernist film.

Stella Vine

In June 2000, Stella Vine went to a talk given by Childish and Thomson on Stuckism and Remodernism in London.^[63] At the end of May 2001, she exhibited some of her paintings publicly for the first time in the Vote Stuckist show in Brixton, and formed The Westminster Stuckists group.^[1] On 4 June, she took part in a Stuckist demonstration in Trafalgar Square.^[63][64] By 10 July, she renamed her group The Unstuckists.^[65] In mid-August, Thomson and Vine were married.^[66] A work by her was shown in the Stuckist show in Paris, which ended in mid-November, by which time she had rejected the Stuckists,^[1] and the marriage had ended.

In February 2004, Charles Saatchi bought a painting of Diana, Princess of Wales by Vine and was credited with "discovering" her. Thomson said it was the Stuckists and not Saatchi who had discovered her.^[67] At the end of March 2004, Thomson made a formal complaint about Saatchi to the Office of Fair Trading, claiming that Saatchi's leading position was monopolistic "to the detriment of smaller competitors",^[68] citing Vine as an example of this.^[69] On 15 April, the OFT closed the file on the case on the basis that Saatchi was not "in a dominant position in any relevant market."^[70]

Responses

In 1999, two performance artists, Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi, jumped on Tracey Emin's installation My Bed, a work consisting of the artist's own unmade bed, at the Tate Gallery's Turner Prize, in an unauthorised art intervention. Chai had written, among other things, the words "Anti Stuckism" on his bare back. Fiachra Gibbons of The Guardian wrote that the event "will go down in art history as the defining moment of the new and previously unheard of Anti-Stuckist Movement."^[71]

The filmmaker Andrew Kotting released a manifesto declaring "The work should prove anti-Stuckist, genuinely post-modern, contingent and ad hoc in its thinking." The London Surrealist group issued a manifesto denouncing Stuckism as well as Young British Artists, and stating Stuckism "is a childish kicking against modernity that fails, pathetically, to challenge the underlying realities of capitalism, of the capitalist art market, of material, psychological, psychic and spiritual repression."^[72]

Gallery

Some UK artists.

• 

  Philip Absolon. Breakdown

• 

  John Bourne. Epsom Kitchen

• 

  Mark D. Victoria Beckham: America Doesn't Love Me

• 

  Elsa Dax. Bacchus

• 

  Eamon Everall. The Marriage

• 

  Ella Guru. Goodbye Columbus

• 

  Paul Harvey. Ford Anglia with Tent and Giotto Tree

• 

  Jane Kelly. If We Could Undo Psychosis 1

• 

  Bill Lewis. The Laughter of Small White Dogs

• 

  Joe Machine. Diana Dors with an Axe

• 

  Peter McArdle. Artist and Model

• 

  Charles Thomson. A Single Woman in London Is Never more than Six Inches from the Nearest Rat

See also

• List of Stuckist artists
• List of Stuckist shows
• Remodernism
• Anti-anti-art
• Dogme 95
• New Puritans
• Wesley Kimler (anti-conceptual artist)

References

Further reading

• Ed. Katherine Evans, "The Stuckists", Victoria Press, 2000, ISBN 0-907165-27-3.
• Ed. Frank Milner, "The Stuckists punk Victorian", National Museums Liverpool, 2004, ISBN 1-902700-27-9.
• Robert Janás, "Stuckism International: The Stuckist Decade 1999 - 2009", Victoria Press, 2009, ISBN 0-907165-28-1.
• Charles Thomson, Robert Janás, Edward Lucie-Smith, "The Enemies of Art: The Stuckists", Victoria Press, 2011, ISBN 0-907165-31-1.
• Gabriela Luciana Lakatos, Expressionism Today (pages 13–14), University of Art and Design Cluj Napoca, 2011.
• Charles Thompson, "Stuck in the Emotional Landscape - Jiri Hauschka, Jaroslav Valecka", Victoria press, 2011, ISBN 978-09-07165-32-3.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stuckism.

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Charles Thomson (artist)

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Billy Childish

• Stuckism International
• Billy Childish interviewed about Stuckism
• Charles Thomson Interviewed about Stuckism
• Stuckism in Germany
• Prague Stuckists
• Tehran Stuckists
• Central Europe Stuckists

v t e Stuckism International Main articles Stuckism List of Stuckist artists List of Stuckist shows Stuckist demonstrations Stuckism in the United States Stuckism in Australia Anti-anti-art Co-founders Billy Childish Charles Thomson Initial group Philip Absolon Frances Castle Sheila Clark Eamon Everall Ella Guru Wolf Howard Bill Lewis Sanchia Lewis Joe Machine Sexton Ming Charles Williams Artists in Europe Artista Eli (Spain) Elsa Dax (France) Guy Denning (France) Michael Dickinson (Turkey) Robert Janás (Czech) Peter Klint (Germany) Odysseus Yakoumakis (Greece) Artists in UK Gina Bold John Bourne Jonathon Coudrille Mark D Paul Harvey Stephen Howarth Alexis Hunter Abby Jackson Naive John Rachel Jordan Jane Kelly Emily Mann Peter McArdle Mandy McCartin Peter Murphy Rémy Noë Udaiyan Stella Vine Artists in US Peggy Clydesdale Jeffrey Scott Holland Tony Juliano Frank Kozik Terry Marks Jesse Richards Nicholas Watson Artists elsewhere Godfrey Blow (Australia) Asim Butt (Pakistan) Mike Mayhew (New Zealand) Regan Tamanui (Australia) Artworks Sir Nicholas Serota Makes an Acquisitions Decision Shows The Stuckists Punk Victorian Go West Addressing the Shadow and Making Friends with Wild Dogs: Remodernism Galleries A Gallery Stuckism International Gallery Spectrum London Related groups Defastenism Neomodern Remodernism Remodernist Film Stuckist Photographers The Medway Poets The Romantic Anonymous Fellowship Stuckism opposed by Louisa Buck Sarah Kent Adrian Searle Sir Nicholas Serota Stuckism opposed to Art intervention Conceptual art Damien Hirst Installation art Saatchi Gallery Tate's purchase of The Upper Room Tracey Emin Turner Prize White Cube Young British Artists Wikimedia  Stuckism at Wikiquote  Stuckism at Commons Artists' names in italics indicate artists no longer in the movement (as of November 2011)

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