St Breward
Coordinates: 50°33′36″N 4°41′19″W / 50.560°N 4.6885°W
St Breward (Cornish: S. Bruwerd)[1] is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the western side of Bodmin Moor, about 6 miles (10 km) north of Bodmin.[2]
The parish name derives from Saint Branwalader. Until the 19th century it was commonly known by the corrupt form of the name: 'Simonward'.
Local amenities
The village has a footpath which takes you in a loop past the holy well, the aviaries, and the church. It has a shop, a village hall, a football club (Brake Parc FC), two playgrounds (one at Rylands, and the other in Penvorder), a Methodist chapel and Sunday school, an Anglican church, a pub (The Old Inn), and a war memorial hall.
Parish Church
| St Branwalader's Church, St Breward | |
|---|---|
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Churchmanship | Broad Church |
| History | |
| Dedication | St Branwalader |
| Administration | |
| Parish | St Breward |
| Archdeaconry | Bodmin |
| Diocese | Truro |
| Province | Canterbury |
The church is situated at the northern end of the village and is dedicated to St Branwalader (or Brueredus). It is a substantial building of the Norman period to which a south aisle and western tower were added in the 15th century (these additions are of granite). It was restored in the 19th century, and only parts of the Norman north arcade remain. There were in the mediaeval period three chapels in the parish: at Hamatethy the manorial chapel of the Peverells, St Michael's Chapel, Roughtor, and another at Chaple.[3] Thomas Taylor the historian was vicar here and edited the parish registers.
War Memorial Hall
Situated at Limehead, towards the bottom of the village, the St Breward Institute & War Memorial Hall is used for monthly events such as the meetings of the local Parish Council, Gardening Club and the St Breward History Group. It has a small kitchen with a microwave, kettle, and cutlery, two toilets, a large carpeted room where meetings are held, and a lower room with stage sets and lighting rigs.
Hamatethy Manor
Hamatethy Manor house and estate lies about half a mile north of St Breward. The Manor of Hamatethy dates back to before the Norman Conquest. [4] After 1066 it was held by Count Robert of Mortain, half-brother of William the Conqueror. From the 12th to the 15th century the Manor was held by the Peverell family, then passed to the Hungerford family and later the Mitchell and Onslow families. [5]
History and antiquities
The moorland area of the parish is notable for prehistoric remains, including the earthwork known as King Arthur's Hall. For many centuries St Breward's main industry was the mining of granite which has been used in Cornwall and exported to many other places. The most important quarry is De Lank which produces granite of very high quality. More recently china clay has also been quarried there. There is another important china clay works at Stannon.
The most important prehistoric remains are the earthwork already mentioned, the Fernacre stone circle and two other stone circles (one 2.5 miles north-east and the other near Leaze Farm). The first of these has 76 stones in the circle and a single outlying stone; the latter has 16 stones but probably had 22 originally.[6] Langdon (1896) records seven crosses and six cross-bases in the parish: two of the crosses are at Lanke. In 1998, 1999 and 2000 three seasons of archaeological recording work were undertaken at the china clay works on Stannon Down to learn more about the numerous Bronze Age remains to be found there.[7]
Geography
In the 17th century St. Breward was two separate villages, Churchtown (higher) and St. Breward (lower). More houses were built and slowly the villages merged into one. There are several main parts to the village: Churchtown, Rylands, Row, Limehead, Wenford, Penvorder, Higher Penquite and Lower Penquite.
The bridge and hamlet of Wenfordbridge lies on the River Camel at the boundary of St Breward parish with the neighbouring parish of St Tudy. The parish includes a moorland area which contains Rough Tor and Brown Willy, which is the highest point in Cornwall.
Bibliography
- ↑ Place-names in the Standard Written Form (SWF) : List of place-names agreed by the MAGA Signage Panel. Cornish Language Partnership.
- ↑ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 Newquay & Bodmin ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5
- ↑ Cornish Church Guide (1925) Truro: Blackford
- ↑ "Hamatethy". Chesterton Humberts.
- ↑ "St Breward History Group".
- ↑ Pevsner, N. (1970) Cornwall, 2nd ed. Penguin Books
- ↑ Jones, Andy M. (2008) "Settlement and Ceremony: archaeological investigations at Stannon Down, St Breward, Cornwall", in: Cornish Archaeology; 43-44 (2004-05), pp. 1-140
- Maclean, John (1872–79) The Parochial and Family History of the Deanery of Trigg Minor. 3 vols. London: Nichols & Son
External links
Media related to St Breward at Wikimedia Commons
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