Soviet First League
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | |
| Country | Soviet Union |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1936 |
| Folded |
1991 after 52 seasons |
| Levels on pyramid | 2 |
| Promotion to | Soviet Top League |
| Relegation to | Soviet Second League |
| Last champions | FC Rotor Volgograd (1) |
| Most championships | FC Krylya Sovetov Samara (5) |
The Soviet First League was the second highest division of Soviet football, below the Soviet Top League. The division lasted from the inception of Soviet league football in 1936 to the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.
Overview
It has been known as Group B, Group 2, Class B, and Class A, group 2 before being renamed First League in 1971. The number of teams playing at this level fluctuated significantly during the history of Soviet football. In 1940s-1970s the league frequently consisted of several groups. The group winners qualified for the final tournament.
- 1936-1940 Group B (no competition in 1938)
- 1945-1949 Second Group
- 1950-1962 Class B
- 1963-1970 Second Group (Class A)
- 1971-1991 First League
One unusual feature of the league was one that have taken place before 1989. The Soviet Football Union tried to eliminate the growing amount of drawn games, thus, intensify the competition. The participated clubs were receiving a point for each drawn game, but the amount of all their drawn games could not exceed a third of all their games played. After that they received no points for any further draws that they earned. In 1987, for example, FC Fakel Voronezh was relegated by being short of a point having received no points for their two extra drawn games.
The season's best
The teams that either won its group or participated in play-offs are included as well. All seasons are double-round robin unless otherwise indicated in "Notes".
| Season | Winner | Runner-ups | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 (spring) | Dinamo Tiflis | ZIS Moscow Stalinets Leningrad |
|
| 1936 (autumn) | Serp i Molot Moscow | Temp Baku Stalinets Moscow |
|
| 1937 | Spartak Leningrad | FC Dynamo Rostov/Don Temp Baku |
|
| 1938 | not held, part of the Super League | ||
| 1939 | Krylya Sovetov Moscow | Lokomotivi Tbilisi FC Dynamo Rostov/Don |
single round robin |
| 1940 | Krasnaya Zarya Leningrad | FC Spartak Leningrad Stroitel Yuga Baku |
|
| 1941-44 | no competition due to World War II | ||
| 1945 | Krylya Sovetov Kuybyshev | VVS Moscow FC Moscow Military District |
single round robin |
| 1946 | VVS Moscow | FC Pischevik Moscow | Final VVS-Pischevik 3:2 1:0 |
| 1947 | Lokomotiv Moscow | Torpedo Gorkiy Lokomotyv Kharkiv |
final between winners of six groups |
| 1948 | Lokomotyv Kharkiv | Metallurg Moscow Dynamo Yerevan |
final between winners of six groups |
| 1949 | Spartak Tbilisi | Kalinin Kaliningrad Kharchovyk Odessa |
final between winners of six groups |
| 1950 | VMS Moscow | Torpedo Gorkiy Spartak Vilnius |
|
| 1951 | Kalinin | Dinamo Minsk Lokomotiv Moscow |
|
| 1952 | Lokomotyv Kharkiv | Spartak Vilnius DO Tbilisi |
three preliminary groups |
| 1953 | Dynamo Minsk | Torpedo Gorkiy Shakhtar Staline |
three preliminary groups |
| 1954 | Shakhtar Staline | Spartak Vilnius Neftchi Baku |
three groups |
| 1955 | Burevestnik Chisinau ODO Sverdlovsk |
Spartak Kalinin Spartak Yerevan |
two groups, no final |
| 1956 | Spartak Minsk Krylya Sovetov Kuybyshev |
Torpedo Taganrog ODO Tbilisi |
two groups, no final |
| 1957 | Avangard Leningrad | Spartak Stanislawow SK Military District Tbilisi |
four groups |
| 1958 | SK Military District Rostov-na-Donu | SK Military District Sverdlovsk SK Black-Sea Fleet Sevastopol |
final between winners of six groups |
| 1959 | Admiralteets Leningrad | Trudovye Reservy Leningrad[1] Trud Voronezh |
seven group winners; final final between winners of four selected groups |
| 1960 | Trud Voronezh (RSFSR) Metalurh Zaporizhzhya (UkrSSR) Torpedo Kutaisi (other republics) |
FC Irtysh Omsk Sudobudivnyk Mykolaiv Lokomotivi Tbilisi |
nine groups, three final groups |
| 1961 | Krylya Sovetov Kuybyshev (RSFSR) Chornomorets Odessa (UkrSSR) Torpedo Kutaisi[2] (other republics) |
Terek Grozny SCA Odessa Lokomotivi Tbilisi |
ten groups, three final groups |
| 1962 | Spartak Krasnodar (RSFSR) Trudovye Rezervy Lugansk (UkrSSR) Shakhtyor Karaganda (other republics) |
Trud Voronezh Chornomorets Odessa Lokomotiv Gomel |
ten groups, three final groups |
| 1963 | Shinnik Yaroslavl | Torpedo Gorkiy Trud Voronezh |
|
| 1964 | Lokomotiv Moscow | SCA Odessa Pakhtakor Tashkent |
two preliminary groups |
| 1965 | Ararat Yerevan | Kairat Alma-Aty Avanhard Kharkiv |
two preliminary groups |
| 1966 | Zorya Luhansk | Žalgiris Vilnius Politotdel Tashkent |
three groups |
| 1967 | Dynamo Kirovabad | Shakhtar Karaganda SCA Kyiv |
three groups |
| 1968 | Uralmash Sverdlovsk | Karpaty Lviv Irtysh Omsk |
four groups |
| 1969 | Spartak Ordzhonikidze | Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk SKA Khabarovsk |
five groups |
| 1970 | Karpaty Lviv | Kairat Alma-Aty Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk |
|
| 1971 | Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk | Lokomotiv Moscow Chornomorets Odessa |
|
| 1972 | Pakhtakor Tashkent | Shakhtar Donetsk FC Chornomorets Odessa |
|
| 1973 | Chornomorets Odessa | Nistru Kishenev Lokomotiv Moscow |
|
| 1974 | Lokomotiv Moscow | SKA Rostov/Donu Dinamo Minsk |
|
| 1975 | Krylya Sovetov Kuybyshev | Dinamo Minsk Torpedo Kutaisi |
|
| 1976 | Kairat Almaty | Neftchi Baku Pakhtakor Tashkent |
|
| 1977 | Spartak Moscow | Pakhtakor Tashkent Tavriya Simferopol |
|
| 1978 | Krylya Sovetov Kuybyshev | SKA Rostov/Donu Dinamo Minsk |
|
| 1979 | Karpaty Lviv | Kuban Krasnodar Pamir Dushanbe |
|
| 1980 | Tavriya Simferopol | Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Metalist Kharkiv |
|
| 1981 | Metalist Kharkiv | Torpedo Kutaisi Lokomotiv Moscow |
|
| 1982 | Žalgiris Vilnius | Nistru Kishenev Kolos Nikopol |
|
| 1983 | Kairat Almaty | SKA Rostov/Donu Fakel Voronezh |
|
| 1984 | Fakel Voronezh | Torpedo Kutaisi SKA Karpaty Lviv |
|
| 1985 | Daugava Rīga | CSKA Moscow SKA Karpaty Lviv |
two preliminary groups, two final groups |
| 1986 | CSKA Moscow | Guria Lanchkhuti Daugava Rīga |
|
| 1987 | Chornomorets Odessa | Lokomotiv Moscow Daugava Rīga |
|
| 1988 | Pamir Dushanbe | Rotor Volgograd CSKA Moscow |
|
| 1989[3] | CSKA Moscow | Guria Lanchkhuti Kairat Alma-Aty |
|
| 1990[4] | Spartak Vladikavkaz | Pakhtakor Tashkent Metalurh Zaporizhia |
|
| 1991 | Rotor Volgograd | Tiligul Tiraspol Uralmash Yekaterinburg |
Last season. Russian SFSR clubs conform new Russian Top Division with compatriot clubs from Soviet Top League, and other SSR clubs do the same. |
References
- ↑ Trudovye Reservy were replacing Dynamo Leningrad for several season. Later Dynamo was reinstated in their place.
- ↑ Torpedo was the winner of one of the two groups. Lokomotivi won the other. No final between them is recorded.
- ↑ After 1989 season teams from Baltic states (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia) and Georgia withdrew from the Soviet competitions. Only the two pro-Soviet, pro-Russian teams: Pardaugava (Riga) and Dinamo Sukhumi continued to participate.
- ↑ Four teams were promoted due to withdrawal of several teams prior to this season. The fourth team was Lokomotiv Moscow.
- "USSR First League". KLISF. Retrieved 2006-06-09.
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