Snefru

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This article is about the cryptographic hash function. For the Egyptian pharaoh, see Sneferu.

Snefru is a cryptographic hash function invented by Ralph Merkle in 1990^[1] which supports 128-bit and 256-bit output. It was named after the Egyptian Pharaoh Sneferu, continuing the tradition of the Khufu and Khafre block ciphers.

The original design of Snefru was shown to be insecure by Eli Biham and Adi Shamir who were able to use differential cryptanalysis to find hash collisions. The design was then modified by increasing the number of iterations of the main pass of the algorithm from two to eight. Although differential cryptanalysis can break the revised version with less complexity than brute force search (a certificational weakness), the attack requires $2^{{88.5}}$ operations and is thus not currently feasible in practice.^[2]

References

↑ Ralph C. Merkle (1990). "A fast software one-way hash function J. Cryptology". Journal of Cryptology 3 (1): 43–58. doi:10.1007/BF00203968. Retrieved 2011-04-06.
↑ Eli Biham (2008-07-19). New Techniques for Cryptanalysis of Hash Functions and Improved Attacks on Snefru. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg.

External links

Ecrypt page
RHash, an open source command-line tool, which can calculate and verify Snefru-128 and Snefru-256

v t e Cryptographic hash functions and message authentication codes (MACs) (Security summary)

Common functions	MD5 SHA-1 SHA-2 SHA-3/Keccak

SHA-3 finalists	BLAKE Grøstl JH Skein

Other functions	FSB ECOH GOST HAS-160 HAVAL LM hash MDC-2 MD2 MD4 MD6 N-Hash RadioGatún RIPEMD RTR0 SipHash Snefru SWIFFT Tiger VSH WHIRLPOOL crypt(3) (DES)

MAC algorithms	DAA CBC-MAC HMAC OMAC/CMAC PMAC VMAC UMAC Poly1305-AES

Authenticated encryption modes	CCM CWC EAX GCM IAPM OCB

Attacks	Collision attack Preimage attack Birthday attack Brute force attack Rainbow table Distinguishing attack Side-channel attack

Design	Avalanche effect Hash collision Merkle–Damgård construction

Standardization	CRYPTREC NESSIE NIST hash function competition

Utilization	Salt

v t e Cryptography

History of cryptography Cryptanalysis Cryptography portal Outline of cryptography

Symmetric-key algorithm Block cipher Stream cipher Public-key cryptography Cryptographic hash function Message authentication code Random numbers Steganography

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