Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle

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The Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle is a packing problem that calls for packing six 1 × 2 × 2 blocks and three 1 × 1 × 1 blocks into a 3 × 3 × 3 box. The solution to this puzzle is unique (up to mirror reflections and rotations).

The puzzle is essentially the same if the three 1 × 1 × 1 blocks are left out, so that the task is to pack six 1 × 2 × 2 blocks into a cubic box with volume 27. The Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle is regarded as the smallest nontrivial 3D packing problem.

Solution

Solution of Slothouber-Graatsma puzzle showing the six 1 x 2 x 2 pieces in exploded view.

The solution of the Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle is straightforward when one realizes that the three 1 × 1 × 1 blocks (or the three holes) need to be placed along a body diagonal of the box, as each of the 3 x 3 layers in the various directions needs to contain such a unit block. This follows from parity considerations, because the larger blocks can only fill an even number of the 9 cells in each 3 x 3 layer.[1]

Variations

The Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle is an example of a cube-packing puzzle using convex rectangular blocks. More complex puzzles involving the packing of convex rectangular blocks have been designed. The best known example is the Conway puzzle which asks for the packing of eighteen convex rectangular blocks into a 5 x 5 x 5 box. A harder convex rectangular block packing problem is to pack forty-one 1 x 2 x 4 blocks into a 7 x 7 x 7 box (thereby leaving 15 holes).[1]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Elwyn R. Berlekamp, John H. Conway and Richard K. Guy: Winning ways for your mathematical plays, 2nd ed, vol. 4, 2004.

External links

Circle packing
Sphere packing
Puzzles
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