Slazenger
 | |
| Industry | Sporting goods |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1885[1] |
| Founder(s) |
Ralph Slazenger Albert Slazenger |
| Headquarters | Shirebrook, England |
| Products | Racquets, Tennis equipment, Cricket equipment, Golf equipment, Apparel, Accessories |
| Parent | Sports Direct |
| Website | www.slazenger.com |
Slazenger /ˈslæzɨndʒər/ is an English sporting goods manufacturer which concentrates on racket sports including tennis, cricket and hockey. Established in 1885, it is today one of the oldest surviving sporting brand names.
History
In 1885 Ralph Slazenger left his native Manchester, and opened a shop on London's Cannon Street selling rubber sporting goods.[1] Slazenger quickly became a leading manufacturer of sporting equipment for gold and tennis. [1] Four years after the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club held its first ever championships, Slazengers produced 'The New Game of Lawn Tennis' complete in a box.
Their plant in Barnsley manufactured tennis balls and exported them round the world.[2] It closed in 2002, and production is now based in the Philippines.[2]
In 1902 Slazengers were appointed as the official tennis ball supplier to The Championships, Wimbledon and, with the current deal set to run until 2015, it remains one of the longest unbroken sporting sponsorships in history.[2]
In 1910 Slazenger floated on the stock market.[1]
War years (1939–1945)
In 1940, extensive bombing during the Second World War saw a merger between Slazenger, Sykes, Gradidge and Ayres.
Probably a little-known fact was the Slazengers Sykes Gradidge and Ayres contribution to the World War II effort. With government contracts in hand the company set about manufacturing a wide variety of items for use during the war. Mainly utilising their expertise in wood manufacturing the company produced many various items.
On 15 September 1940 during a heavy air raid on London, incendiary bombs fell on the Slazenger factory. The Gradidge factory in Woolwich also suffered similar fate. The Sykes factory at Horbury was undamaged by the bombings, and although Slazenger and Gradidge were able to continue production at other centres it was perhaps a sign of the times that the four companies decided to pool their resources and form an association to work for the nation's war effort and then ultimately in peace time. Henceforth the company was known as Slazengers Sykes Gradidge and Ayres.
The following lists just a small snapshot of some of their larger contracts completed for H.M. Government in the years 1939–1945, as recorded by Slazengers, Gradidge, Sykes and Ayres in 1946:
| Larger Completed War Contracts | |
|---|---|
| Rifle Furniture - No.4, Mark 1 | 858,500 sets. Each set comprising: 1 Butt, 1 Forestock, 1 each Handguard (front and rear) |
| 95,222 butts | |
| 150,000 forestocks | |
| 200,000 hand guard, front | |
| 200,000 hand guard, rear | |
| Lanchester SMG Machine Gun Carbine Butts | 80,000 |
| Stoppers, Leak - Wooden | 430,000 |
| Bayonet, No. 5, Mark 1, Grips, left and right hand | 466,500 |
| Stoppers, Leak - Wooden | 430,000 |
| Detonator Caps | 17,500,000 |
| Standard Snow and Sand Goggles | 3,000,000 |
| Gloves, M.T (Motor Transport) | 280,335 pairs |
| Gloves, Workman U.S Forces | 122,450 pairs |
| Gloves, Boxing, 8oz, laced | 22,239 pairs |
| Gloves, Boxing, 8oz, elastic | 19,394 pairs |
| Machetes, 15 inch Blade Sheaths | 250,400 |
At its peak
In its heyday the empire of Slazengers Gradidge Sykes and Ayres stretched across the world with either licensed distributors or agents and/or manufacturing operations in which the company had partnerships or licensing agreements with. Distributors were flung far and wide as far away as New Zealand and Africa, in remote places such as Iceland, Newfoundland, Madagascar and even Bolivia.
Selling a brand
It is probably fair to say that technology and to some extent complacency, played a major part in the rise and fall of this famous brand. In the days when wooden tennis racquets held no peer, brands such as Slazenger and Dunlop were a dominant force in the world, but with the popularity of the metal tennis racquets from the early 1980s and then the fast transition to even more popular composite materials such as fiberglass, graphite, Kevlar and so on more and more brands became available to the consumer. Having a choice was fashionable.
The new brands became popular due to their ability to meet the consumer trends and demand for the new technology. Slazenger was slow to react, they could not re-gear their existing factories to produce these products in the new materials, they already had huge investment in plant and raw materials. The company tried to market its product against these new products using quality as the crux of the selling features, but the imports quickly improved their quality, soon Slazenger no longer could hold favour with the public. The brand slowly fell from grace.
- 1959: Ralph Slazenger Jr. sells the family business to Dunlop Rubber.[3]
- 1985: Dunlop Rubber is purchased by BTR plc, which forms a Sports Group combining Slazenger with the Dunlop Sport branded goods.
- 1996: BTR sells Dunlop Sport in a management buyout for £300 million - the buyout was backed by investment company Cinven. The new company is known as Dunlop Slazenger.
- 2004: CINVen sells Dunlop Slazenger to Sports Direct International for a reported £40 million, who in turn sold on the rights to the Slazenger Golf brand in Europe to JJB Sports.
Global rights and licensing
With the purchase of Dunlop Slazenger by Sports World International did not come the global rights to the brand.
SWI has chosen not to diversify the brands it has acquired internally, and thus strain their own resources and finances, but to license them globally. With Slazenger this has been achieved successfully, with the Slazenger name being seen on a wide range of products not previously associated with the brand, such as sunglasses, toiletries and push bikes.
In Australia and New Zealand, the Slazenger brand is owned and licensed by Pacific Brands, with full and exclusive rights to sell and distribute throughout those territories. From the early 2000s due to poor management sales plummeted. Rather than investing in the brand, the Slazenger management began downsizing staff numbers, closing branches, cutting back long standing sponsorship as well as stripping back costs elsewhere within the business. Despite these radical moves the Slazenger brand still ultimately offered no real return to Pacific Brands and in 2010/11 they sub-licensed it to Spartan Sports who had been operating in Australia since 2005 and is owned by Spartan Sports in Jal Andhar, India (established in 1954).
Sponsorships
During its peak, many famous cricket players such as Sir Don Bradman, Sir Garfield Sobers, Sir Viv Richards, Sir Len Hutton, Denis Compton, Rohan Kanhai, Mark Waugh and Geoffrey Boycott used Slazenger's bats and products.[4] The players who are sponsored by Slazenger currently are noted below.
Current cricket endorsements
Players
England
- James Anderson
- Tim Bresnan
- Paul Collingwood
- Eoin Morgan
- Matt Prior
- Peter Davis
- Adil Rashid
- Matthew Salisbury
South Africa
Australia
- Doug Bollinger (Pacific Brands)
- Jason Krejza (Pacific Brands)
- Steve Smith (Pacific Brands)
New Zealand
Though believed to be not a sponsorship, Slazenger Golf Balls were preferred by the character Auric Goldfinger in the 1964 James Bond film Goldfinger, while Bond himself could be seen sporting a Slazenger sweater.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 J. R. Lowerson, ‘Slazenger, Ralph (1845–1910)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/39048, accessed 17 Jan 2014]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 The making of British products | Sport | The Guardian
- ↑ Klaus Schmidt; Chris Ludlow (2002). Inclusive Branding: The Why and How of a Holistic Approach to Brands. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 185. ISBN 978-0-230-51329-7. Retrieved 2014-01-17.
- ↑ "Slazenger – All-Time Greatest". Retrieved 2009-09-29.